International journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research

7-9

Authors: Dinesh Kumar Sharma.

Background: It has been suggested that there is an association between calcium intake and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).The present study concentrate to get significant association of serum calcium levels with pre-eclampsia. Material and Methods: 80 Patients diagnosed as having Pre-eclampsia and 80 controls with similar age group were studied after taking their consent. Blood samples were collected under aseptic precautions in plain vacutainer for serum total calcium estimations. Total calcium estimation was done by Arsenazo III end point method on Fully Automated Biochemistry Analyzer Miura 300. Results: The observed mean serum calcium level in preeclampsia patients was 7.09± 0.37 mg/dl as compared to 7.91±0.911 mg/dl in controls. Conclusion: Low serum calcium levels could be a useful indicator of the maternal and fetal complication in hypertensive patients.

16-24

Authors: Chandrasekar R, Dhanarajan MS, Lalitha prajna S and Srinivasan M

Cataract is one of change in human aging process, generally the lens become clouding and disturb normal vision of every individuals. The routine biochemical analysis shows, there is significant changes in blood parameters between normal and cataract population that were reported by many previous experiments but study related to routine biochemical parameters and its phenomenon were not known among different types of cataract. Hence, a study was planned to understand the relationship among the different types cataract population among Indian ethnics to fill-up the lacuna that could facilitate the prevention of those types by simply identifying them using routine biochemical analysis. About 25 samples in each group were planned. Biochemical data were retrieved from medical records and analyzed by statistical tools, One way ANOVA followed by an ad hoc Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test (P < 0.05) to compare variances among the four experimental groups, they are Cortical, Nuclear Sclerotic, Posterior Subcapsular and Mixed types. Results indicated that there is no characteristics significance among different types of cataract in serum biochemical parameters analysed. This study suggest that, there is a need to identify some simple markers from blood samples and exploring the fact behind the appearance of these markers which may be useful for diagnostic and prevention systems of health care market.

30-40

Authors: Panduranga Murthy,G., Puttaramaiah,G., Ravishankar,H.G., Mokshith,M.C., Leelaja,B.C and B.Shivalinga.

About 30 years back rural areas in Tumkur district were getting drinking water from open wells. Due to extensive digging of bore wells, the ground water table receded alarmingly. Investigations have shown that ground water 60mts at below ground level is unfit for human consumption. This is a serious matter since ground water table has gone down to more than 200mts below ground level. Hence there is an urgent need to provide safe drinking water to the rural population. Water samples from bore wells/Hand pumps were collected from 9 villages belonging to Chikkadalavata Gram panchayath, Madhugiri Taluk, Tumkur district, Karnataka to study the water quality parameters. It is found that ground water in this area contains excess fluorides, Iron, and Alkalinity in general. Results of analysis for water quality parameters are presented in this paper.

46-53

Authors: Dr. Vilas U. Chavan, Dr. Pushpa P. Durgawale, Dr. Ajit V Sontakke, Dr. Hasit D Lad.

Background: Microalbuminuria (MAU) has been considered the first indication of renal injury in patients with diabetes and associated with a higher cardiovascular risk. It is evident from epidemiological studies that urine albumin concentration (UAC) or albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) in spot urine sample gives similar result like 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE). Objectives: The study was aimed to find out whether UAC and/or ACR calculated in 24-hour urine sample correlate or not with same 24-hour UAE and what is diagnostic outcome by various measures of albumin excretion calculated in 24-hour urine samples in type 2 diabetic patients? Methodology: We collected 24-hour urine sample from 125 type 2 diabetic patients and urinary albumin and creatinine were measured. We calculated different parameter of albumin excretion in 24-hour urine sample and interpretation of each parameter was derived. Data was expressed as median and range. Results: The median ACR was 187.30 (mg/g), UAC was 135.5 (mg/L) and UAE was 270.92(mg/24 hours) in 24-hours urine sample. Clinical outcome of nephropathy by different calculated measures of albumin excretion in 24-hour sample was different. 72 patients had similar interpretation while 53 patients showed different diagnostic interpretation by different measures of albumin excretion in the same 24-hour urine sample. Conclusion: Various measures of urine albumin excretion like UAC, ACR calculated in 24-hour urine sample in type 2 diabetic patients showed different diagnostic interpretation. We recommend when the urinary albumin concentration exceeds 10 mg/L in spot or random urine sample, another 24-hour sample should be collected for confirmed diagnosis of the stage of the albuminuria / nephropathy. We conclude that 24-hour urine sample is gold standard for diagnosis of nephropathy in diabetic patients. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.

59-66

Authors: Kaja Urbańska, Chandi C. Mandal.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary tumor of a central nervous system, with the IV grade of histological malignancy. Despite the advancement of GBM treatment strategies the overall survival in GBM patients is still less than one year and it is probably due to location of the tumor and its high proliferative as well as metastasis activity. Thus, there is an urgent need to intensify basic as well as clinical research on GBM for understanding the molecular biology of the diseases and for the treatment of brain tumor. Most of therapeutic and molecular studies are performed with using of commercially available GBM cell lines. Use of the right cell line, which is based on the precise knowledge of its characteristics, may not only facilitate to design the experiments but it also provides more authentic information from the study. Thus, the aim of this study is to present the characteristics of the U-87glioblastoma cell line, which is the most frequently used in brain tumor research. In the presented article there are the information indicating the similarities in U-87 cells and spontaneous GBM biology, description of current studies with using this cell line, as well as benefits of choosing U-87 cell line in researches.