Russian Journal of Biological Research

4-18

Authors: Ignat Ignatov, Oleg Mosin

The isotopic composition, the temperature and the pH value of water were analyzed in experiments with modelling the primary hydrosphere and hydrological conditions for origin of first organic forms in hot mineral water with HDO. For this aim we performed experiments with hot mineral water and seawater from Bulgaria and water with varying content of deuterium using IR- and DNES-spectroscopy. As model systems were used cactus juice of Echinopsis pachanoi and Mediterranean jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata. The reactions of condensation–dehydration occurring in alkaline aqueous solutions at t = 65–95 0C and рН = 9–10, resulting in synthesis from unorganic molecules the larger organic molecules as polymers and short polipeptides, were discussed, as well as the possible mechanisms of the deuterium accumulation in form of HDO in hot water. It was shown that hot alkaline mineral water with temperature from +65 0C to +95 0C and the pH value from 9 to 11 is more suitable for the origination of life and living matter than other analyzed water samples. In hot mineral waters the local maximums in IR-spectra are more manifested compared to the local maximums obtained in IR-spectra of the same water at a lower temperature. The difference in the local maximums from +20 0C to +95 0C at each +5 0C according to the Student t-criterion makes up p < 0,05.

25-44

Authors: Oleg Mosin, Ignat Ignatov

Methylotrophs are aerobic chemoheterotrophic microorganisms represented by cocci and bacilli mobile forms, are inhabitants of reservoirs and soils of various type, where there are going on various processes of decomposition of organic substances with formation of the one-carbon С1-compounds and some С2- and С3-compounds, capable to be assimilated by methylotrophs. These microorganisms assimilating carbon on ribuloso-5-monophospate and serine pathways are allocated from soil ground, the sewage containing decomposing vegetative remainss, from ruminant paunch and other sources. Methylotrophic bacteria recently draw the increasing attention of biotechnology as feasible sources of natural biologically active compounds – fodder fibers and irreplaceable amino acids, carotenoid pigments, lipids and policarbohydrates. For preparation of these compounds are used genetically marked strains of methylotrophic bacteria, obtained via genetic engineering approaches and selection. The recently developed gene-engineering methods of manipulation with the methylotrophic genom allow create on the basis of microbic DNA of methylotrophs the expression vectors of eukaryotic proteins for medical and veterinary purposes as human insulins. In this review article there are submitted data including the results of the authors’ own research on metabolism and physiology of methylotrophic bacteria.