International Invention Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

Number Vol. 1(3) , 2014

26-31
Hepatoprotective Effects of Portulaca oleracea on Liver Enzymes of Potassium Bromate Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Wistar Rats

Authors: Ikhajiangbe Happy I.N, Ezejindu D.N, Akingboye A.J

Abstract

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To evaluate the effects of methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea on liver enzymes of Potassium bromate (KBrO3) induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats. Twenty five adult wistar rats weighing 160-280g were divided into five groups. The negative control group A was orally administered with 1ml of distilled water daily; the positive control groups B was orally administered with 75mg/kg for 14 days. Group C received 250mg/kg of extract and 75mg/kg of KBrO3 after six hours orally. Group D received 500mg/kg of extract and 75mg/kg of KBrO3 after six hours orally. While group E received oral dose of potassium bromate at 75mg/kg and 500mg/kg of extract after six hours. The body weights were reduced at the end of the period of administration. The liver enzymes (AST and ALT) and serum bilirubin level increased significantly (P<0.05) in the positive control group B, which received 75mg/kg. Administration of KBrO3 six hours after the plant extracts at two dose levels (250 and 500mg/kg) resulted in prevention of hepatic injury by KBrO3. Administration of the plant extracts six hours after KBrO3 at one dose level (500mg/kg) resulted in recovery as indicated by the decrease in the serum parameters, produced by KBrO3. Our findings suggest that methanolic extracts of Portulaca oleracea has hepatoprotective effects on KBrO3 induced hepatotoxicity and seems to be useful in controlling hepatic injury in drug induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords: Liver, Potassium bromate, Hepatotoxicity, Portulaca oleracea.

32-37
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Maerua oblongifolia

Authors: Ehssan. H. O. Moglad, Omer. M. Abdalla, Haider Abd Algadir, W. S. Koko and A. M. Saadabi

Abstract

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The research was carried out to search new antimicrobial agents mainly from plant extracts with the goal to discover new chemical structures by investigate in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of Maerua oblongifolia. Eighty percent Methanol and chloroform extracts of leaves and stems were screened for their antimicrobial activity against different pathogenic bacteria and fungi. These were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans using the cup plate agar diffusion method. All extracts exhibited inhibitory effects against most of the tested organisms with zones of inhibition ranging from 13-20 mm. The largest inhibition zones were obtained from methanol stem extract of Maerua oblongifolia against Aspergillus niger and chloroform stem extract against Escherichia coli. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed using MTT assay and used 3T3 NIH mouse embryo fibroblast cell line, and CC-1, a rat Wistar hepatocyte cell line. The results obtained indicate that this plant has nontoxic effect on 3T3 with less than 20% of growth inhibition and has nutritional value on CC-1. Therefore, this finding indicated that these extracts of such plant promising antimicrobial agents. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Medicinal plants, Maerua oblongifolia, Cytotoxicity, Sudan.