Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

9 - 16

Authors: Khotijah L, Zulihar R, Setiadi MA, Wiryawan KG, Astuti DA

Nutritional status of ewes at pre-breeding phase is critical for good reproductive process. Thirty-two ewes Garut sheep (initial body weight 22.5±2.21 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of addition of sunflower oil in the diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and characteristics of estrous of pre-mating garut sheep. Ewes were fed grass and supplemented with one of four isonitrogenous high concentrate diets containing four levels of sunflower oil; they were (M0) no addition of sunflower oil; (M1) 2% sunflower oil; (M2) 4% sunflower oil and (M3) 6% sunflower oil addition. Results showed that the addition significantly reduced dry matter intake (p < 0.05), highly significantly reduce crude protein, Ca and P intake (p < 0.01), higly significant increased ether extract intake (p < 0.01) and significantly increased long of estrous (p < 0.05). There was no difference in crude fiber intake, TDN intake, body weight gain, length of estrous onset and response of estrous for ewes fed the four experimental diets. Response on estrous of treatments M0, M1, M2 and M3 were 62.50; 50.00; 75,00 and 62.5% respectively. It is concluded that the addition of sunflower oil up to 6% in the pre-mating ration affects the nutrient intake without interferering the performance, and it tends to improve the charachteristic estrous of Garut ewes. Key Words: Nutrient Intake , Estrous, Garut Sheep, Performance, Sunflower Oil

26 - 34

Authors: Mirdhayati I, Hermanianto J, Wijaya CH, Sajuthi D

The purpose of this research was to characterize the carcass profile and chemical characteristic of male Kacang goat (local name for Capra aegragus hircus) from two different slaughter ages, namely < 1.5 and > 1.5 years old. Kacang goats generally is slaughtered for consumption at these ages. The body part used for chemical analysis was the carcass leg. Data was analyzed statistically by t test. Results showed that there was no profile differences of the carcass from both group ages obtained from similar rearing system and at common range of body weight for slaughtering. Chemical characteristics measured by the contents of protein, fat, moisture, ash and cholesterol level in goat meat showed no differences between the two slaughter ages. Dominant amino acids found in the goat meat was glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucyne and lysine. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid profiles in the goat meat did not show any different between the two slaughter ages, except for eicosatrienoic acid, in which the meat from the younger goat had significantly higher content of eicosatrienoic acid. The meat of male Kacang goat of both groups is a potential source of healthy meat, based on its low fat content, functional amino acid composition, higher desirable fatty acids and fatty acid ratio of omega 6 : omega 3 which corresponds to the values recommended by American Heart Association 2008. Key Words: Male Kacang Goat (Capra aegragus hircus), Carcass, Cholesterol, Amino Acids, Fatty Acids

43 - 51

Authors: Wardhana AH, Diana N

Myiasis or “belatungan” is the infestation of live human and vertebrate animal tissue with dipterous larvae, Chrysomya bezziana. In general, synthetic insecticides were applied to control the disease. However, it causes negative impact on animal product, so that it is required to find an alternative treatment using herbal medicine. The aim of this study was to access activity of methanol extract of Kipahit leaves (Tithonia diversifolia) against various stages of C. bezziana larvae (L1, L2 and L3). Five treatments were applied with five replications, i.e. control/water (P0), 0,5%, 1%, 2% of the extract for PI, PII and PIII, respectively. Another treatment was 0,05% Asuntol for positive control (PIV). Each treatment was added with1% DMSO and twenty larvae were examined for each replication. Bioassay of L1 and L2 was addressed to investigate effect of intestinal toxicity by mixing the extract with Meat-Blood Mixture (MBM) and Larval Rearing Media (LRM) for L1 and L2, respectively. Bioassay of L3 was to investigate effect of contact toxicity through soaking the larvae into the extract solution for 10 seconds followed by incubating in vermiculite at 36oC. All living larvae after being treated by various concentration of the extract were reared to pupae and allowed to emerge as imago. Number of living larvae and pupae, pupae weight and number of imago were observed. All data were analysed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett test at 95% confidential limit. For L2, larval mortality were counted and probit analysed using POLO-PC software, therefore the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC95) and lethal time (LT50 and LT95) were defined. Results demonstrated that 1% of the extract was the most effective concentration which was able to kill the larvae and decrease the pupae weight. It also caused to fail pupation and imago emergence. The further study might be pursued to investigate in vivo assay of the extract in infested livestock. Key Words: Tithonia diversifolia, Myiasis, Chrysomya bezziana, Biolarvasidal

59 - 66

Authors: Indriani R, Dharmayanti NLPI, Adjid R.M.A

Influenza virus HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 outbreaks since September 2012 caused high mortality in ducks. Vaccination is one of strategies recommended by government. However, AI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 vaccine not yet available during this research, while AI H5N1 clade 2.1.3 vaccines available in markets. Therefore it was important to do study on efficay of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.1.3. vaccines on duck at laboratory scale. Three groups of Mojosari duck were used in this study, they were 1 group vaccinated with A Vaccine, 1 group vaccinated with B Vaccine, and 1 group as control (not vaccinated). Vacination groups consisted of 9 DOD and control group was consisted of 6 DOD. Vaccination was conducted when the duck at three weeks old of age using single dose recommended by producer. At three weeks later (ducks at 6 weeks old of age) all Groups of ducks were challenged with virus HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 at dose 106 EID50/ml by drops intranasaly. Result showed that Group 1 (vaccinated with A Vaccine) produced 67% protection (3 out of 9 ducks died), Group 2 (vaccinated with B Vaccine) produced 100% protection (non out of 9 ducks died), and Group 3 (control, not vaccinated) produce 0% protection (all of 9 ducks died). This study give an alternative of choise to use AI H5N1 Clade 2.1.3 vaccine with high protection when AI H5N1 Clade 2.3.2 vaccine not available in markets to controll high mortality in ducks caused by HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 outbreaks. Key Words: Duck, HPAI, AI, Avian Influenza, Vaccine

74 - 79

Authors: Widiastuti R, Anastasia Y

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a broad spectrum antibiotic that has been banned in many countries due to its serius side effect to human. Detection of CAP residue in food has been determined to a minimum required performance limit (MRPL) of 0.3 ng/g. The purpose of this research was to conduct the analysis of CAP residue in bovine meat by using LCMS and to study the presence of CAP residue in marketed bovine meat samples. LC separation was done on a Shimpack column C18 with ammonium acetate 10 mM/water as mobile phase, and ESI-MS analysis in negative ion mode. The coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.9981 at concentration of 0.125, 0.25, 0.63, 1,00 and 2.00 ng/g. Recovery at three fortification levels (0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 ng/g) was in the range 77.5, 97.3 and 83.4%. The decision limit and the detection capability were 0.15 ng/g and 0.17 ng/g respectively. Analysis results of 52 marketed samples showed that CAP residue were detected in 9 samples in the concentration range of 0.14 to 2.70 ng/g and 6 among those positive samples were above the MRPL value. Therefore, it is important to increase the awareness and also to monitor regularly CAP residues in food originated from animal to provide safe food for the consumers. Key Words: Chloramphenicol, Residue, LCMS, Bovine Meat