Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

145 - 151

Authors: P Mahyudin, S.B Siregar, N Hidayati, T Sugiarti

The production performance of Holstein-Friesian cows in West Java was evaluated in two areas, Cisarua district (Bogor) and Tanjungsari district (Sumedang). In Cisarua the evaluation was made on 175 cows with different stage of lactation (2 - 11 months). Feed offered, both forage and concentrate, milk production and chess girth were measured from each animal for 24 h only. Date of calving, date of service and stage of pregnancy were recorded by interviewing the farmers . In Tanjungsari the study was conducted on 102 postpartum cows . Milk production and chess girth were measured at the beginning of the study and then once a month (morning and afternoon milking) for 3 months. Milk production was 3,700 1 and 3,400 1 per lactation with declining rate of 0 .03 and 0 .05 1/d for Cisarua and Tanjungsari area respectively. The ratio of concentrate : forage consumption was 1 and 1 .4 in Cisarua and in Tanjungsari respectively, and the ratio was reduced as milk production declined . The efficiency of conversion of feed ME to milk yield was approximately the same (0.12 1/MJ) in both location . The proportion of cows lost weight in Cisarua during the first three months was lower (46 %) as compared to that in Sumedang (77 %). Approximately 68 % of the population have conception rate (CR) > 50 % , the remaining should be culled, 24 % have low CR and 8 % have days open > 150 days . From 61 cows observed, 71 % and 21% have a projected calving interval of 12 months and 13 - 14 months respectively . It can be concluded that milk production and reproduction efficiency of Holstein'cows in West Java are considered low. Key words: Holstein-Friesian cow, reproduction efficiency, milk production

157 - 163

Authors: Triyantini ., Abubakar ., I.A.K Bintang, T Antawidjaja

A study was conducted to examine physical and nutritional compositions as well as carcass preferences of broilers, native chickens, ducks and muscovy using 25 birds from each species . Parameters measured were : percentage of carcass, part of carcass and by-products, carcass quality, tenderness, water, protein, fat and ash contents of meat and skin . Preference test was conducted on thigh and breast meat, as well as whole carcass and cuts. The results of the study showed that the carcass quality of native chicken and ducks were better than the carcass of broilers and muscovy, and over 80% of them were considered as first class quality . The carcass percentage of broilers was higher than the native chickens, ducks and muscovy (P < 0 .01) . The tenderness of breast meat was not significantly different, (36 .16-40 .84 kg/second), however, the tenderness of broiler thigh meat was the highest (61 .77 kg/second) among other meat (P < 0 .01). Protein content of duck breast meat was the lowest, while the protein content of duck thigh meat and the muscovy were higher than that of broilers and native chickens (P < 0 .05) . Fat content of broilers thigh meat was the highest as compared to other poultry meats (P < 0 .01) . Organoleptic test showed that the taste of breast and thigh meat of native chicken, duck and muscovy were similar with that of broilers, however the appearance and color of carcass of broilers and muscovy were more accepted than that of native chickens and ducks (P < 0.05). The meat of native chickens, ducks and muscovy were considered as good protein sources as judged by the physical appearances, nutritional composition and the preferences test . Keywords : Poultry meat, quality, preference

170 - 174

Authors: Djamuara Aritonang, M Silalahi, T Pasaribu, L.P Batubara, K Manihuruk, M Doloksaribu

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of feeding standard on performances of weaned pigs . The experiment used 24 weaned exotic pigs aged 6 weeks averaged body weight 10 .7 kg for 14 weeks observation. Three different diets i .e . farmers formula (R), commercial diet (K) and standard diet according to NRC recommendation (S) were evaluated . The results showed that S diet on pigs produced better growth rate, feed consumption, feed conversion, cost and profit than other diets and K diet produced better feed conversion than R diet. Carry over effect of the treatments on the growth rate, feed conversion, cost and profit showed that pigs received S diet performed better than those received other diets . But,R diet gave the lowest cost and higher profit than Kdiet. These results concluded that S diet produced the best performance and profitable and produced carry over effect on pigs performances and can be recommended to farmers . Keywords : Feeding standard, exotic pig

181 - 183

Authors: I.P Kompiang, A.P Sinurat, T Purwadaria, J Darma, Supriyati

A trial was conducted to determine the effect of various level of cassapro (fermented cassava) and halquinol supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens . Experimental rations were formulated isoprotein and isoenergy with graded level of cassapro (0, 10, 20 and 30%) . The 20 and 30% cassapro ration were prepared without and with halquinol supplementation (60 ppm). Each ration was fed to 40 of three day old broilers, divided into 4 cages ( 5 males and 5 females per cage) for 4 weeks. Increasing the level of cassapro significantly reduced body weight gain (P < 0.005), increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.0005) with no effect on feed intake (P < 0.10) . Halquinol supplementation has no effect on feed intake, but significantly increased body weight gain (P <0.05) and improved the FCR (P < 0.01) . It is concluded that high level of cassapro in the ration will cause poorer performance of the birds, however it can be alleviated by halquinolsupplementation. Keywords: Broiler, cassapro, halquinol

188 - 193

Authors: Lily Natalia

the investigation of infectious necrotic hepatitis . Modification of the indirect ELISA technique in the system used is an inhibition ELISA for antigen . The test samples were liver fluid from dead animals suspected from infectious necrotic hepatitis. To analyse for alpha toxin, microtiter plates were coated with antigen or alpha toxin . The liver fluid sample thought to contain antigen or toxin was then mixed together with reference antiserum containing specific alpha antitoxin of Cl. novyi. Enzyme labelled antiglobulin was then added, followed by enzyme substrate . The difference in colour change between a reference sample containing no antigen or toxin and the test sample solution indicates the amount of antigen or toxin in the test samples . This is a competitive assay; high toxin concentrations result in less colour at the end of the test . The sandwich ELISA technique was sensitive enough to detect as little as 390 ng/ml toxin in liver fluid sample. These results indicate that the ELISA technique is useful for detecting alpha toxin of Cl. novyi and for diagnosing infectious necrotic hepatitis . Keywords: ELISA technique, Clostridium novyi alpha toxin, infectious necrotic hepatitis

198 - 203

Authors: Siti Chotiah

Six isolates of Pasteurella multocida were recovered from 105 pneumonic lungs of pigs, collected from a pig slaughter house at Kapuk, West Jakarta and two piggeries in Tangerang, West Java. The identification and serotyping of the isolates based on the differences of their capsular antigenic, using indirect haemagglutination method, showed that five isolates were type A and one isolate was type D. Using the isc method, in vitro sensitivity of the isolates to seven kinds of antibiotics showed that all of the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (NA 30 pg), enrofloxacin (ENR 5 pg), gentamycin (GN 10 gg), and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim (SXT 25 pg), while five isolates were sensitive to doxycycline hydrochloride (DO 30 gg), four isolates were sensitive to erythromycin (E 15 pg), and two isolates were sensitive to tetracycline (TE 15 pg) . Key words : Pasteurella multocida, pig, serotyping, antibiotics

208 - 211

Authors: Istiana ., Suryana

Bakteriological examinations of samples consisted of ducklings, duck's eggs feed and rice bran collected from Alabio market, South Kalimantan were conducted in the laboratory during the year 1992 and 1993 . Result of the examinations showed that 22 isolates of Salmonella Hadar, were isolated from 180 internal organ of ducklings (12 .2%), while 1 isolate of Salmonella Typhimurium (0 .5%), and 1 isolate of Salmonella Virchow (0 .5%) was isolated respectively from 180 duck's eggs. Besides, other bacteria were also isolated namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp ., Citrobacter sp . Enterobacter sp, Proteus sp., and Serratia sp . No pathogenic bacteria were isolated from feed as well as from rice bran . Keywords : Alabio ducklings, duck's eggs, feed, rice bran, Salmonella spp ., South Kalimantan