Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

255 - 261

Authors: Dwi Yulistiani, Z.A Jelan, J.B Liang, H Yaakub, N Abdullah

Mulberry foliages have high nutritive value (protein content, digestibility and degradability), therefore it is potential to be used as a supplement to poor quality roughages. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of addition of fermentable energy in the mixed of mulberry and rice straw basal diet. A control diet consisted of either rice straw (RS) or urea treated rice straw mixed with mulberry foliage (URS) with ratio of 60 : 40%. Treatment was formulated by supplementation of control diet with molasses (as sources of fermentable energy) at 3 levels (5, 10 and 15%). The study was conducted in a 2 x 4 factorial experiment, consisted of 2 levels rice straw (untreated and urea treated) and 4 levels molasses supplementation (control and 3 levels for molasses). Diets were evaluated using in vitro gas production. The fermentation kinetics was determined from the incubation of 200 mg sample during 96 hours. The calculation of the kinetics based on exponential equation P = A+ B (1-e-ct). A shorter gas production test was carried out to determine truly degradable fermented substrates (in vitro true organic matter degradability/IVTOMD) by incubating 500 mg of samples 24 hours. The result showed that there was no significant interaction between rice straw treatment and molasses supplementation on fermentation characteristics, in vitro true dry matter digestibility, fermented substrate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. However there was a significant interaction between rice straw treatment on partitioning factor (PF), gas produced, propionic acid production and ratio between acetic acid and propionic acid. Molasses supplementation significantly (P<0.05) decreased gas production and ratio of acetic to propionic acid, and increase PF, propionic acid production in untreated rice straw mulberry (RSM) basal diet. It is concluded that molasses supplementation to RSM diet decreased gas production and ratio of C2/C3, and increased PF and propionic acid production. Key Words: Mulberry Foliage, Molasses, Rice Straw, In Vitro Gas Production

268 - 273

Authors: Supriyati ., B Haryanto

The effect of supplementation of graded levels of Zn-bio-complex in concentrate on the growth of young sheep was studied. Fourty young Thin Tailled sheeps were devided into 4 groups of Zn-bio complex treatments. Zink-bio-complex was produced by IRIAP’s laboratory. King grass powder (CP = 10.4%) and concentrate (CP=15.5%) were given as a basal diet. King grass powder and drinking water were given ad libitum. The concentrate was given daily at 200 g h-1d-1 supplemented with 0 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R1), 50 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R2), 100 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R3), and 200 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R4). The initial live weight of sheep was 11.99 ± 0.17kg h-1. Live weight were measured fortnightly and feed consumption were measured daily. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks with 4 weeks prior adaptation periods. Data obtained were analyzed statistically based on Completely Randomized Design. The results of experiment showed that the supplementation of Zn-bio-complex improved the live weight from 57.60 g h-1d-1 (R1) to 85.47, 72.14 and 67.86 g h-1d-1 with the feed conversion ratio improvement from 11.9 (R1) to 8.0, 9.6 and 10.5 for treatment R2, R3 and R4 respectively (P<0.05). The graded level of Zn-bio-complex did not affect daily feed intake which was 687, 686, 695 and 711 g h-1d-1 (P>0.05) for R1, R2, R3 and R4, respectively. It can be concluded that the supplementation of Zn-bio-complex at the level of 50 mg Zn kg-1 in daily concentrate resulted in the best response on live weight gain and feed conversion ratio of young sheep. Key Words: Zn-Biocomplex, Sheep, Liveweight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio

286 - 299

Authors: Ismeth Inounu, D Mauluddin, R.R Noor, Subandriyo

Data of body weight of Garut sheep and its crossbreds of 488 head, consist of 149 head of Garut sheep, 115 head of St. Croix X Garut (HG), 68 head of Mouton Charollais X Garut (MG), 101 head of MG X HG (MHG) and 55 head of HG X MG (HMG) which is collected from Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production at Bogor station were used in individual growth curve analysis. Three growth curve non linier model were used in this study i.e Logistik, Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy models. Comparisons were made among these models for goodness of fit, biological interpretability of parameters and computional ease and effect of genotype and environment in them. Least square means growth curve parameters which have biological interpretability were used to compare effect the genotype, interse mated procces and estimated heterosis effect. The result indicated that Von Bertalanffy was the best model in fitting the data from Garut and Crossbreds although the model needed more iteration than others in computations. All models have good biological interpretability especially for parameter mature size (A) and rate of maturity (k). Genotype, year of birth, sex and type of birth reared were important effects (p<0.01) in mature size (A) for all models except effect of type of birth rearing (P<0.05) in Logistic model. Year of birth had important effect (p<0.01) in rate of maturity (k) for all models. Genotype, year of birth, sex, parity and type of birth reared also had important effect (p<0.01) in parameter b/M; except b parameter in Von Bertalanffy was affected significantly by sex (P<0.05). Key Words: Growth Curve, Garut Sheep and Crossbreds, Relative Superiority

306 - 310

Authors: Bambang Setiadi, Subandriyo

Two years field study has been carried out in the Purwakarta district , West Java, to evaluate sheep productivity of Sumateran Composite (K) and Barbados cross (BC) breeds introduced to the farmers, compared with locally thin tail sheep breed (L) that were maintained by the farmers. Genotype compositions of K sheep were Barbados Blackbelly 25%, St. Croix 25%, and Sumateran sheep 50%; and for BC were Barbados Blackbelly 50% and Sumateran sheep 50%. Sheep those were introduced was new breed from breeding improvement of Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production. Litter size of K, BC, and L ewes was 1.3; 1.4; and 1.5 respectively. Pre-weaning mortality rate were 5.0; 5.0 and 8.0% respectively for K, BC, and L lambs. Ewe Reproduction Rate (LRI = number of lamb at weaning/ewe/year) of L (2.14) was higher than BC (2.0) and K (1.85). The ewe productivity (PI = kg lambs/ewe/year) is the average of weaning weight timed LRI. Because the weaning weight of L (7.0 kg) were significantly lowest than BC (10.5 kg) and K (9.25 kg) will affect on PI. PI of L (14.98) ewe were significantly (P<00.5) lowest than BC (21) and K (17.11). Body weight of crossbred (K X L and BCxL) under the same physiologic status were similarly with BC and K. According to the result of productivity evaluation of introduced sheep breed in the field condition, can be sumarize that productivity of K and BC sheep were significantly better than locally thin tail sheep. Key Words: Sumatera Composite, Barbados Blackbelly, Thin Tail Sheep, Productivity, Traditional Rearing

318 - 332

Authors: Siti Chotiah, Tarmudji

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory tract infections in many animals species. The bacteria were isolated and identified from piggeries in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to define the pathogenicity of B. bronchiseptica local isolate. Thirty piglets less than a week old were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group of five was infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC B2455) local isolate with dose of 4.2 x 105, 4.2 x 106, 4.2 x 107, 4.2 x 108, 4.2 x 109 dan 4.2 x 1010 CFU/ml respectively by intra nasal inoculation, and three piglets were used as the control. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that all treatment groups showed clinical sign of serous nasal discharge, and sneezing only found in two groups. Reisolation of those bacteria from concha were found in all groups, from trachea in one group, from bronchus in all groups, and they were not found in the control group. Histopathological change of epithelial cells desquamation and lost of cillias on concha were found in all treatment groups. On the trachea, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 3 treatment groups and lost of cillias in 4 treatment groups. On the bronchus, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 2 treatment groups and lost of cillias were found in 3 treatment groups. Total piglet that showed clinical phenomenon, positive bacteria reisolation and histopathological change from each group were not proportion to the dose given. This study showed that the local isolate of B. bronchiseptica was pathogenic because it can cause the damage of ciliated cylindrical epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. Key Words: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Local Isolate, Pathogenicity, Piglet