Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

146 - 150

Authors: Supriyati

Cassava waste is a by-product of cassava flour industry and its amount is increasing following the increasing of cassava flour industry. Its utilization as a feedstuff, is limited by its low protein content. The cassava waste is only utilized as the energy source. One of the alternative technology in improving the utilization of cassava waste as a feedstuff, by improving the nutritive value through fermentation process. Fermentation was carried out by solid substrate fermentation using Aspergillus niger as an inoculant and mixing with urea and ammonium sulphate as inorganic nitrogen sources. The nutritive value of the product was evaluated by feeding trial using 144 “Shaver Stabro” strain 3 days old chicks with 3 treatments i.e. 0 (control), 5.0 and 10.0% fermented cassava waste. The results showed that the true protein content of fermented cassava increased from 2.2 to 18.4%. The inclusion of fermented cassava waste up to 10% in chicken broiler ration for 4 weeks feeding did not affect the feed consumption, bodyweight gain, FCR, weight of liver and gibblets. All parameter results from 10% inclusion were not significantly different (P>0.05) with the control (0% inclusion). Key words: Fermentation, cassava waste, utilization, broiler chickens

157 - 163

Authors: Djamura Aritonang, N.A Tul Roefiah, Tiurma Pasaribu, Yono C Raharjo

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of breed, level of lactosym and their interaction on the growth performance of three breeds of rabbit, i.e.: Rex, Satin and their Cross. Thirty three-six week old (weaning) rabbits were contribute in a 3 x 3 factorial used of completely randomized design having 3-5 individual replication and fed one out of three levels of lactosym (0, 0.25 and 0.50 ml/head/week). The two factors were: breed and level of lactosym. Result showed that there were no significant differences between breed (P>0,05) for body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. Body weight was affected by the level of lactosym (P<0,05). Increase of lactosym level decreased body weight gain. Feed conversion were not affected by the level of lactosym (P>0,05). Interaction between breed and level of lactosym did not affect body weight gain and feed conversion (P>0,05), but affected feed intake (P<0,05). Key words: Productivity, rabbits, lactosym

170 - 182

Authors: Tanda Panjaitan, Geoffry Fordyce, Dennis Poppi

Preliminary data on Bali cattle reproduction and growth presented is based on monitoring between August 2001 and August 2003 in the Sumbawa and Dompu Districts of Sumbawa Island, NTB. Sixty two % of calves were born between May and July inclusively. Inter-calving interval averaged 11.9 ±1.9 months; though recognized as an under-estimate, it still indicated of high fertility. Post-natal calf mortality was 5.3%. Birth, 6-, and 18-month weights of 14.2 ± 2.4 kg, 90 ± 20 kg, 172 ± 40 kg, respectively, were recorded. Average daily gains between birth to 6 months and from 6 to 18 months were 0.41 ± 0.11 and 0.23 ± 0.11 kg/d, respectively. Females reached mature size at 2.5-3.0 years at a mean weight of 237 kg and height of 1147 mm. Weight could be accurately predicted from chest girth: Weight (kg) = 7e0.0023 Chest girth (mm) (R2=0.9656). At the sites monitored, reproduction was high, and growth was typical for Bali cattle, indicating that these animals are well suited to the dry tropical environment of Sumbawa. Key words: Bali, weight, cattle, tropic

196 - 204

Authors: Supar

Pasteurella multocida strains are the causative disease agents of wide range of domestic and wild animals in Indonesia. The most important serotypes are associated with Hemorrhagic septicaemic (HS) diseases in cattle and buffaloes, cholera in ducks and chickens. The HS disease associated with P. multocia in large ruminants in Indonesia is controled by killed whole cell vaccines produced by the use of P. multocida Katha strains. There is no discriminatory data of the molecular biology technique has been applied to investigate P. multocida isolates from different geographic locations in Indonesia. The purpose of this studies were to observe the genetic diversity among P. multocida isolated from various geograpic locations and compared with Katha vaccine strain and other reference strains. A total samples of 38 isolates and strains of P. multocida were analysed by means of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Each sample was grown in nutrient broth, cells were separeted by centrifugation. Whole cell pellet was mixed with agarose and then prepared agarose plugs. The genomic DNA of each sample was digested in situ (plug) with either restriction endonuclease of ApaI and/or BamHI. The digested genomic DNA of each sample was analysed by PFGE, the genomic DNA restricted profile of each sample was compared with others. The use of ApaI restriction endonuclease digestion and analysed by PFGE, demonstrated that 34 out of 38 P. multocia samples could be differentiated into 16 ApaI types, whereas based on the BamHI digestion of these samples were differentiated into 20 BamHI types. Genomic DNA restriction pattern of Indonesian P. multocida isolates originated from cattle and buffaloes associated with haemorrhagic septicaemic diseases demonstrated different pattern to those of vaccine Katha strain, poultry strains as well as the reference strains currenly kept at Balitvet Culture Collection (BCC) unit. Two P. multocida isolates derived from ducks with cholera disease showed similar pattern support the previous findings which exhibited similar pathogecity and vaccine protection. The majority of HS causing P. multocida isolates from some provinces in Indonesia belong to ApaI type 1 (7 isolates), six of these isolates belong to BamHI type 1. The BamHI restriction endonuclease digestion demonstrated higher discriminatory than that of ApaI. These restrection endonucleases digestion combined with PFGE analysis were effective for molecullar defferentiation of P. multocida strains and could be applied to other bacterial veterinary pathogens as well as for local isolate vaccine sellection. Key words: Pasteurella multocida, restriction endonuclease analysis, genomic DNA, PFGE