Extensão Rural

13

Authors: Marielen Priscila Kaufmann, Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger, José Geraldo Wizniewsky, Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz

The centenary experience of maintenance and conservation of landraces in Ibarama-RS, was being rescued and valued since the 1990s from the efforts of Emater/RS-Ascar and support of other institutions such as the Union of Rural Workers and NGOs. Over the years, other institutions such as Embrapa and UFSM contributed to the research and appreciation of experience. The aim of this study is to characterize the maintenance strategies of conservation of creole agrobiodiversity in Ibarama and report favorable and limiting conditions to full development of this activity. Emphasizes, therefore, the presence of municipality technical assistance and partnerships were important for the activity, in order to stimulate scientific production related to the creole agrobiodiversity, the dissemination of experience and encouragement to the rescue of new species and creole cultivars, in addition to increasing the number of guardians. The organization of seed production in larger scales and produced based on ecological principles are the future intentions of this group which that joins efforts to act in the Guardians of Creole Seeds Association, entity that included the main actors of this experience.

17

Authors: Edna Lopes Miranda, Ana Louise de Carvalho Fiúza, Sheila Maria Doula

This study aimed to understand the possibilities of the familiar farmers collective organization from the routine sociabilitiy practices. It was analised, particularly, how the familiar farmers from Zona da Mata Mineira used to develop their collective practices of productive organization in coffee cultivation. The research can be characterized as cross-sectional, relying on twelve (12) interviews to the familiar farmers that live in a rural community in São Joaquim, Araponga municipality/MG. The results showed that in the farmers perception the productive organization had a common meaning, of searching improvements in the life and work condition in the field based on the “union”, “mutual help” and “solidarity”. It was clearly found a cultural trendy by the interviewers to recognize themselves as “familiar farmers” and also as participants of this process, regarding that their social representations come from a discourse where the small farmer is valorized and recognized by thier experiences. Finally, the farmers social representations about their productive organization have also an identity construction from the setting relationships with the territory and with the culture through values, beliefs and custos.

19

Authors: Murilo Didonet de Moraes, José Roberto Rambo, Omar Jorge Sabbag

The food purchase programme (PAA) is a public policy focused on the commercialization of agricultural products implemented in the year 2003 in Brazil. This paper aimed to analyze the efficiency in the use of resources of the PAA in with Simultaneous Donation mode (CDS-PAA) by family farmers in the Brazilian states in the year 2011, using the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology. In the analysis, the number of family farmers occupied in each state in the year of 2006 and the number of family farmers participating in the CDS-PAA by state in the year 2011 were used as inputs, and as outputs the number of people who benefit from CDS-PAA by state; the quantity in kilograms (kg) of products purchased via the mode; and the value in reais (R$) of the products acquired from CDS-PAA, by state, in the year 2011. The efficiency analysis showed that the Federal District was the most efficient state in the use of resources of the CDS-PAA, while the state of Piauí, in the Northeast region, obtained the lowest efficiency. By the nature of the returns of the CDS-PAA, one could see that only 11 in 18 Brazilian states operated in optimum conditions.

22

Authors: Rosiéle Cristiane Ludtke, Anelise Graciele Rambo, Janete Stoffel

This article analyzes the mechanisms by which tobacco farming families to implement diversification initiatives and analyze the dynamics of these changes in Santa Cruz do Sul/RS. It is intended to verify motivations and production diversification alternatives in most tobacco producing region of the country, and what public policies are mobilized. This requires an analysis will be done considering negative effects of agricultural modernization, in particular on peasant agriculture, considering social, economic and environmental. The theoretical framework encompasses mobilized the risk society Ulrich Beck and the prospect oriented actor Long and Ploeg. As results, it appears that diversification initiatives manifest a self-confrontation to the risks produced by the tobacco monoculture which is guided in the dictates of the Green Revolution. This diversified production tends to strengthen the agency's capacity of farmers in response to the risks produced by this production chain and emerge from a perspective where the individual peasant, according to their reality, their way of life, seeks to minimize these effects.

6

Authors: Pedro de Hegedus

This article aims to look back on historical and personal perspective, the important role played by PPG in Rural Extension of the UFSM in the exchange of research, experiences, methods, actions, projects, publications and people related to the themes of Extension and Rural Development under Mercosur.

13

Authors: Adriana de Souza Colombo, Karina Souza Batista, Omar Jorge Sabbag

The grape is a fruit of great national economic importance. The São Paulo state is the main grape producer table. For the Northwest region, viticulture shows up as a prominent activity, especially for small farmers. Analyze the performance of production units affects the decision-making process, especially when considering financial nature variants and non-financial. This study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of eleven mills grape Jales/SP in 2015. It was used as an analytical tool Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which is based on linear programming to identify the most efficient producers in use of inputs. The calculations were performed with the help of DEAP software version 2.1. The survey results suggest four production units with maximum efficiency. Two DMU’s (decision making units) showed excesses of inputs, operating at supra-optimal scale. The results also demonstrate that a significant proportion of the properties are technically inefficient. With regard to agribusiness, the application of DEA tool is spreading due to its characteristic of providing subsidies to producers for management and the ability to seek continuous improvement of its processes.

16

Authors: Francisco Roberto Caporal

This article aims to make a rescue on the trajectory of two researchers, Francisco Roberto Caporal and José Antônio Costabeber, with emphasis on some of our contributions to the brazilian Rural Extension and to the advancement of Agroecology in Brazil. As timeframe this path we take as reference the period that begins with our training experience with the then Master in Agricultural Extension from the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). The article highlights some parts of our work together with colleague and friend, the late José Antônio Costabeber, over several years.

17

Authors: Andressa Kerecz Tavares, Marcelo Ricardo de Lima, Carlos Augusto dos Santos Faias Júnior, Manoel Flores Lesama

This study aimed to identify and describe the knowledge related to the classification and attributes used by farmers in the cities of Antonina and Morretes - PR. The informant group selection occurred as the availability of individuals to participation the research. A total of 20 farmers were interviewed along with their family. The ethnopedological knowledge of farmers was identified and described through participatory diagnosis which consisted of four steps:1) narrative interviews, 2) participatory mapping, 3) walking around the farm, 4) general meeting. The results show that farmers recognize and classify the different existing types of existing lands in the units of local farm, being identified and described four classes of land:1) “Terra de Morro”, 2)“Sabão de Caboclo”, 3)“Terra Argilosa” and 4)“Terra de Desmonte”. The mentioned attributes used for classification of lands have followed the sequence of importance, landscape position, texture, color, drainage, fertility and organic matter. The classification system of farmers can identify and describe objectively the lands, using attributes and relating them to observable aspects such as land suitability and soil management.

18

Authors: Janaína Balk Brandão, Alessandro Porporatti Arbage

This thesis study aims to verify what conditions the adoption of governance structures in the formation and management of supplies chains in the networks of fruit and vegetables retail in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. For this, the main question for this research is: What are the motivations that take to the structures of governance adopted in the supply chains of retail organizations for FLV? The theorical framework used to help in the comprehension of the complex relationships established in the competitive modern environment is based, above, in the New Institucional Economy, in the Theory of Transaction Costs in the approach of Management in Chain of Supplies and in the Competitive Strategies of network organizations. As a level of analysis the chain of supplies of the retail companies is adopted, from the perspective of internal chain until the interorganizational arrangements. The methodological option performed for this investigation is the Case Study, considering that three regional networks of retail and six suppliers were analysed, covering the area of five mesoregions of the state. This conjuncture has reflected on the raising of demand of these products and in the reorganization of all productive chain, reaching, specially, the initial link considered in this study: the farmers. As results it is verified that the retail networks when performing the management of their supplying chains use hibrid structures of governance with differente levels of coordination, considering the attributes of the transactions. But, also, conditioned by the characteristics imposed by the generic strategy adopted in each network as a way to answer their consumers. From the sight ocf impact on structuring the chains of supplies for the farmers it is seen that as the demand of the consumers gets higher, proportionally the need of coordinating the chain is increased, forcing the development of specific investments, increasing the mutual dependence. This takes the retail to adopt a more collaborative behavior in the chain.

18

Authors: Celso Correia de Souza, Rafael Gabriel, José Francisco dos Reis Neto, Daniel Massen Frainer

This study aimed to evaluate the perception of buyers on the quality of pork meat in the retail market of Campo Grande (MS). A random sample of 400 individuals of the city was investigated in places close to points of sale of pork meat. Were performed univariate statistics, bivariate and multivariate concluded that 76.75% of the population consumed pork meat. Of these, 49% had consumed at least once a week. The price did not influence the frequency of consumption of pork meat, but the ease of preparation, particularly in relation to women who have little time to make meals at home. Also, providing a wider range of cuts could bring an increase in the frequency of consumption of meat. It was found that there are factors which inhibit the consumption of pork meat, however, remains the perception that the meat has a high amount of cholesterol and fat, however, remains the perception that the meat has a high amount of cholesterol and fat, you have problems with hygiene risk to health which has limited higher demand. The use of marketing can improve the image of pork meat to consumers in order to eliminate prejudices about this product and show its strengths as the flavor and tenderness.

14

Authors: Gerlúcio Moura Bezerra de Sousa, Filipe Augusto Xavier Lima, Letícia Paludo Vargas, Tito Antonio Ferraz Jota, Darlyton Fernandes Lopes da Silva

Focusing mainly on the relationship between extension and gender perspective in family farming, this article seeks to understand and describe technical assistance and rural extension efforts directed toward rural women. Through a qualitative basic methodology, this work refers to actions taken by Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) municipal office regarding farmers belonging to Associação Municipal Mulher Flor do Campo, located in Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde. A survey adressing the actions developed by IPA, particularly between 2008 and 2014, enabled to list some significant achievements, such as the inclusion of their families in government programs, the incentive of non-agricultural activities and the technical qualification of the group. Furthermore, despite the changes in socioeconomic and productive conditions of farmers, these actions also allowed women to rescue their citizenship and self-esteem.

17

Authors: Laila Mayara Drebes, Edilacir dos Santos Larruscain, Luiz Felipe Schuch, Bartholomeo Oliveira Barcelos

The study analyzed social and cultural inconsistencies between school and family knowledge about the career prospects of rural students from high school through the perceptions of teachers and students. A qualitative approach, the study was conducted as a case study and sampled by institutional means, held in the city of Tio Hugo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in October 2014. The data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, bibliographical and documentary research, and analyzed using content analysis. It was noted a gap between teaching discourse and teaching practice on school conception. The teachers do not increase the rural and agriculture in their classes, even in interdisciplinary moments. The rural students would like this integration and feel unmotivated. They dream of agricultural technical courses and degrees in agricultural sciences believing that education can meet their needs as rural students. The high school reproduces the dominant socio-cultural reality and transmits urbanized knowledge that encourage rural students to urban employment opportunities.

18

Authors: Magdalen Julie Marques Machado Caetano, Nara Rejane Zamberlan dos Santos

In the constant struggle for land, a segregated population parcel finds in social movements, a way to seek conditions for individual and collective survival. Nevertheless, land ownership alone does not allow, in a short term, the establishment of productive units that will create opportunities for dignity restoration and impose some life quality. Thus, aiming to characterize the settled individuals and analyze the perception of the ways of land parcels appropriation and planning nowadays and, in a projected future as well as to identify the importance given to the arboreal component as part of the properties, this study was carried out at Itaguaçú Settlement in the city of São Gabriel, RS. The used methodology defines the study as a qualitative and quantitative research. The data collecting was performed through interviews based on a semi-structured instrument. The study allowed the reading of a social and productive image for the future. It was found that the struggle of these individuals is to establish a dignified place for living, producing and socially relate with each other. However, barriers like the lack of adequate infrastructure, technical assistance and financial credit are obstacles for the betterment of the productive practices and, an inaccessible instrument to obtain their purposes in political struggles.

20

Authors: Thacya Clédina da Silva, Francisco Roberto Caporal

The aim of this study was to analyze the contributions of Law 12,188 / 2010 to the family farm in Alagoas, based on the Public Technical Assistance Calls and Rural Extension (ATER), launched by the Department of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (DATER) of Department of Family Agriculture (SAF) of the Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) for the state between the years 2010 to 2014. With the recent policy of the Brazilian rural extension as a backdrop, we tried to understand through this exploratory study, how the implementation of the Law could improve the service offered and expand the scope of the number of beneficiaries. In Alagoas, in 2006, according to IBGE, 92% of farmers did not receive technical assistance, that is, because the state was in critical condition in compliance with this policy. However, at the end of this research, it became evident that the service through the Public Call, had reached 4% of the universe of family farming, and that the promises of the public managers which would be to reduce bureaucracy and continuity of service by the implementation of this law, had not had any affect in this state.

15

Authors: Gabriela Rigueira Miranda, Ana Márcia Souza, Aurélia Dornelas de Oliveira Martins, Elaine Souza Cocaro, José Manoel Martins

The production of cheese from raw milk is a traditional activity in the municipalities of Minas Gerais. This study aimed to evaluate the good manufacturing practices in the production of artisan cheeses in Teixeiras-MG. Samples of raw milk and cheese artisanal Minas three properties which were analyzed for physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics were collected. In four family farms were evaluated surfaces production, milker's hands and handler and kennel by the swab technique and microbiological analysis of production and refrigerator environments. Of the samples, the analyzes of aerobic mesophilic refrigerated raw milk had levels higher than those required by law. Acidity and protein of milk had two properties not complying values with current legislation. All cheese samples showed coliform values as established by law. Counts of aerobic mesophilic, coliforms at 30 ° C and 45 ° C and molds and yeasts showed higher values in the hands of the milker when compared to the food handler. It follows the importance of good manufacturing practices in the production of cheese, as well as the quality of the raw material so that the final product is safe from a microbiological point of view.

16

Authors: María Inés Mathot y Rebolé, Fernando Landini

En el presente artículo se analiza la construcción, apropiación y uso de salas de elaboración por parte de agricultores familiares de la provincia de Misiones (Argentina) en el contexto de un proyecto financiado por el Estado. La investigación fue cuali-cuantitativa. Se realizaron 24 entrevistas semi-estructuradas a agricultores familiares participantes del proyecto y a los tres técnicos implicados. Para el análisis, se construyeron tres ejes de estudio: percepción de los agricultores sobre la necesidad de la sala y de su uso; obstáculos y recursos de los beneficiarios para afrontar la construcción; y disponibilidad de recursos externos. Independientemente de si la sala había sido terminada, en general las familias encontraron usos para ellas, tanto productivos como de almacenamiento. Los agricultores familiares mencionaron múltiples obstáculos para la construcción, destacándose el económico. Sin embargo, también evidenciaron haber tenido recursos personales para afrontar estos obstáculos. Finalmente, se destaca que el acompañamiento técnico fue un recurso valioso, que tuvo un rol fundamental en la finalización de las salas.

19

Authors: Marco Antônio Gomes dos Santos, Irenilda de Souza Lima, Renata Sá Carneiro Leão

This paper is part of a research that aimed to analyze the technical and vocational education post-secondary level in technical courses linked to the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (TARE) in Pernambuco. From observations in the field, we found that in many cases, extension workers who perform TARE functions in Pernambuco come from technical courses offered by the Federal Government. Through Semi-structured interviews with students and other professionals of the institutions that were part of this research, we found the technical and professional level an disconnection similar to that seen by Callou et al. (2008) – about the low integration between what is produced in graduate school that is not supported in undergraduate teaching –. Education Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, outside the graduate level in Pernambuco, still marked by the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Cartesian teaching methods.

23

Authors: Alair Ferreira de Freitas, Alan Ferreira de Freitas

This paper aims to understand how the social representations influence territorial development processes in the Serra do Brigadeiro Territory (TSB). The social representations are used as theoretical and methodological support to assist in the understanding of the interpretation systems governing our relationship with the world and with the other, guiding and organizing the ducts and interventions in reality. From conducting interviews and participation in meetings of the collegial we noticed that in the case of territorial TSB social representations on the territory, public policy and development projects affected the interaction between social actors, their participation in the local dynamics and intervention actions in the territory. We conclude that relations between actors and them with the processes established with public policies are inherent to social representations they build about reality.