Economy and Sociology: Theoretical and Scientifical Journal

11-18

Authors: Rodica PERCIUN, PhD, Associate Professor, National Institute for Economic Research. Viorica POPA, PhD Student, National Institute for Economic Research. Mariana BALAN, PhD, Professor, Romanian Academy

Economic and political uncertainty in recent years has adversely affected the activity of Moldovan banks unfavoring the dynamics of the national economy. The 2015 year can be considered a "rigid" year for the Republic of Moldova, built by the liquidation of three financial institutions at the NBM decision (CB "Unibank" SA, CB "Banca Sociala" SA and BC "Banca de Economii" SA), and the tightening of the monetary policy. That has led to mistrust of the population in this sector, creating problems with bank loans and deteriorating of bank asset. However, commercial banks during 2015 remained sufficiently liquid and capitalized (exception is CB "Unibank" SA, CB "Banca Sociala" SA and BC "Banca de Economii" SA). This article aims to research the financial and banking sector from the Republic of Moldova in 2015 in terms of uncertainty. Therefore, the novelty of the article lies in the analysis of the banking sector from the Republic of Moldova under the main financial prudential indicators. The main research methods were: systemic analysis, synthesis, monographic, logic, etc. The main scientific results obtained in the article, as a conclusion of the research are the identification, analysis of the main activity of the banking sector and the proposed set of recommendations on strengthening the financial stability framework in the Republic of Moldova.

27-35

Authors: Gheorghe RUSU, PhD, Profesor, State University of Moldova. Tudor ROBU, Phd Student, State University of Moldova. Mihai BUMBU, PhD Student, State University of Moldova

Economic policies and decisions on EU association starting with the begginig of 90’s were pseudo-scientific, contradictory, incoherent because those policies have not based themselves on modern and current economic theories elaborated and promoted by the EU. Actuality. The topic is actual from the perspective of the factors’ analysis which were conducting to delay the association process of Moldova to the EU. At the same time, those were increasing instability, disequilibrium in the national economy and raise of social vulnerability and constraint levels which ultimately increased the gap between the national and EU economic development levels. During the period of 2000-2015, the socio-economic policy of the Republic of Moldova is described more as small and fragmented steps on conceiving economic and financial instruments for the integration into the EU which were reflected in the Neighbourhood Partnership and Association Agreement with the EU. These processes conducted for the state incapacity to define its own objectives and social-economic priorities for the association as well as legitimated a continuous stage of transition to the market economy. The scope of the present article is to propose a real change of the development and social-economic association policies for achieving final objective on integration to EU. The proposals would consist in emphasizing and implementation of the EU economic principles reflected in the neoclassic synthesis and neo-conservative theories; the elaboration and implementation of a new Strategy on economic supervision, coordination and anticipation of the economic disequilibrium; achieve economic stability for diminishing the negative effects of the global and regional crisis on national economy and adaptation of the development policies to the national socio-economic conditions. The methods used for the elaboration and achieving the expected results of the study were analysis and synthesis of the reliable data on economic processes’ trends as well as macroeconomic prognoses for designing a set of development scenarios. Results were reflected in elaboration of a system of actions which includes EU as a monitoring mechanism for preventing and anticipating the disequilibrium that may occur during the association process. Stimulation of consumption, of the research and technological progress and targeting foreign investments in the innovation development priorities are some of other actions that are recommended in the article.

43-49

Authors: Liliana CIMPOIES, PhD, Senior Lecturer, State Agrarian University of Moldova

Direct payments are the main tool of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the main objective is to support EU farmers incomes. They benefit from a particular attention during the new 2014-2020 reform. For the first time direct payments were introduced in 1992 after MacSharry reform and known as coupled payments (payments per hectare and animal head). In 2003 were introduced the decoupled payments focused at encouraging farmers and enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of the EU agriculture. The aim of this paper is to analyze the application of direct payments as main support instrument to the EU farmers based on Spain experience. In Spain the new changes in the Single Payment Scheme (SPS) were first introduced in 2006, beginning with the regime of partial decoupling, until 2012, when the coupled payments disappeared, being integrated under the SPS or transformed into additional payment. In this analysis, secondary data provided by the Spanish Agrarian Guarantee Fund (FEGA), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment of Spain (MAGRAMA) and Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN. The analyzed data refers to the amount of allocated direct payments in Spain and EU countries, number of beneficiaries and its distribution on territorial aspect. So far, the distribution of direct payments in Spain, similar to other EU member states, is unequal, as a result of various factors, as the CAP development and diversity of production, the use of historical references to fix the decoupled payments per farm and others.

57-62

Authors: Olga PERCINSCHI, PhD, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova. Igor YEGOROV, PhD, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NANU). Olga DIACOV, MBA Newport University, Master of Communication Management, Moldova

This article examines the role of place branding in the image forming of certain European countries. The relevance of the article is confirmed by an acute need to identify the factors and branding tools that should be taken into account while a country develops a brand and influences the process of image forming. The purpose of the article is to examine successful examples and failures of the branding strategies of some European countries and cities. The results have to identify similarities and differences in the approach of European countries to promote a certain area as a part of country branding; to determine the key success factors that lead a country to the recognition by the international community.

71-77

Authors: Gabriela BOLDUREANU, PhD, Researcher, Department of Interdisciplinary Research, Humanities and Social Sciences, Romania Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania. Teodor PADURARU, PhD, Senior researcher, Gh. Zane Institute of Economic and Social Research. Daniel BOLDUREANU, PhD, Lecturer, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania

The small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are at the top of European strategies and policies, a key factor for growth, employment and economic performance. The economic and financial crisis of 2008 has affected the SME sector in Romania and the Republic of Moldova, whose development was different from that of most European countries. Therefore, it requires a sustained effort to overcome these gaps and realistic development strategies of the SME sector in Romania and Moldova, proposed by the specialized agencies of the two countries. Following a process of critical analysis and interpretation of national and international databases, we investigated the small and medium enterprises sector in Romania and Moldova in order to identify solutions to support the SME sector in the two countries.

87-94

Authors: Virginia COJOCARU, teacher, State University of Moldova. Alexandru GRIBINCEA, PhD, Professor, Free International University of Moldova

This paper presents recent trends and flows of labor migration and its impact on economic and social life. Main aim of this research sets up the influence of the migration on the European economics and its competitiveness. Methods of research are: method of comparison, analysis method, method of deduction, method of statistics, modeling method. The economic impact of migration has been intensively studied but is still often driven by ill-informed perceptions, which, in turn, can lead to public antagonism towards migration. These negative views risk jeopardising efforts to adapt migration policies to the new economic and demographic challenges facing many countries. Migration Policy looks at the evidence for how immigrants affect the economy in three main areas: The labour market, public purse and economic growth. In Europe, the scope of labour mobility greatly increased within the EU/EFTA zones following the EU enlargements of 2004, 2007 and 2014-2015. This added to labour markets’ adjustment capacity. Recent estimates suggest that as much as a quarter of the asymmetric labour market shock – that is occurring at different times and with different intensities across countries – may have been absorbed by migration within a year.

103-112

Authors: Nadejda BOTNARI, PhD, Associate Professor, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova Ana NEDELCU, PhD Student, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova Mihaela ONOFREI, PhD, Professor, Al.I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania

The financial performance reflects the success in realization of financial objectives or in value creation. The evaluation of financial performance represents a stringent necessity for enterprise’s development, thus the estimated level of financial performance allows establishing the directions of enterprise activity improvement. The researchers use different methods of financial performance evaluation depending on their research objects. This paper aims to adapt the econometric model of financial performance evaluation for industrial enterprises.