Economica

10

Authors: Ionut HOREANU

The interwar philosopher, economist and sociologist Stefan Zeletin1, professor at the “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, has special contributions in various domains related to the social sciences. The merit of the interwar thinker consists in giving meaning and significance to some economic phenomena and events. Subsequently, the valences of events of economic importance were analysed, up to the implications they have on historical processes. More precisely, Zeletin shows us that we can understand the historical purpose of some peoples, namely of the Romanian nation, based on treaties or economic decisions in the international system. The Treaty of Adrianople (1829) is analysed by the Romanian intellectual in terms of the implications of English trade and capital on the Romanian Principalities.

11

Authors: Svetlana BILOOCAIA

The global aging process is changing the demographic structure of the world’s population and the socio-economic balance between generations. This process urgently raises the question of the forms of social support for the elderly population, thereby making new requirements on pension systems. The study of the international experience and practice of the Republic of Moldova, carried out in this article, has revealed that countries with pension systems that combine voluntary and mandatory, public and private schemes are most effective in solving this problem. At the same time, investigation demonstrates that pension system modernization requires strong analysis of its possible advantages and disadvantages, taking into consideration the whole set of peculiarities of the Republic of Moldova.

14

Authors: Corina CAUSAN, Galina SAMKO

The health of the population is one of the decisive factors in the economic and social development of the state. The pharmaceutical service is an integral part of the health system. Pharmaceutical assistance aims to ensure the availability and accessibility of the population to effective, harmless and good quality drugs. In this article, the authors try to outline certain directions for improving pharmaceutical care in the Republic of Moldova, analysing international practice. Satisfactory level of public health contributes to economic growth and development of human society. At the same time, the quality of life, from the position of public health, generates physical, psychological and social repercussions of a pathology on the life of the individual.

14

Authors: Ion BOLUN

Aspects of total favouring of large or small beneficiaries in proportional apportionments of entities using linear divisor methods (LDM) are discussed in the paper. In this aim, the requirements of apportionments compliance with linear divisor methods’ solution were defined and the conditions of LDM apportionments compliance with the requirements of total favouring large or small beneficiaries were determined. Subsequently, the A1 algorithm for determining the LDM apportionments which totally favour beneficiaries was elaborated. Using A1, calculations for three examples were performed, obtaining: a d’Hondt method’s apportionment which totally favours large beneficiaries, a Sainte-Laguë method’s apportionment which totally favours large beneficiaries and a Dependent linear divisor method’s apportionment which totally favors small beneficiaries. Obtained results confirm the opportunity of using the algorithm A1 for the determining of LDM apportionments which totally favour large beneficiaries or, on the contrary, the small ones.

16

Authors: Angela DELIU

In market economy, the purpose of any economic agent is to obtain profit from his economic activity. Profitability is considered a decisive tool for boosting the market economy mechanism, being a form of expressing the economic efficiency of the company to make a profit. Thus, the basic objective of the enterprise is profit and, in order to achieve the proposed goals, it is necessary to perform the analysis and periodic control of the activity, of the economic and financial situation, the state of performance within it. Depending on this, we consider optimal the use of the breakeven point in the performance analysis, an indicator that must be accepted as a financial instrument of analysis and control. In this article will be revealed the essence of the breakeven point, will be presented the importance, its forms of manifestation and calculation methods. A new interpretation in the calculation methods are proposed. Also, some productive situations will be presented depending on the breakeven point.