Zhurnal Ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya

4-24

Authors: V.I. Glazko

Alexander Vasilievich Chayanov is the outstanding Russian scientist – agricultural economist. He was a graduate student and later the professor of Moscow agricultural Institute. His name, among the world civilized scientific community, has become a legend known throughout the world, particularly to specialists in agriculture. He was the author of numerous works on the theory of collective labor, cooperation, the brilliant teacher and educator of youth, the author of popular science work, archaeologist, art historian – in a word, as we speak today, in this man were combined very much the scientific and cultural components. Tracking the fate of graduates of Moscow agrarian institute it can be concluded that indeed a brilliant scientist can be if they were getting a proper good education. Experts who develop Chayanov’s concept, historians of science talk much about his life and tragic death. A.V. Chayanov – the classic agrarian-economic scientist, his theory of the peasant economy and peculiarities of economic behavior of farms at now exist in every textbook on agrarian economy of many universities in the world. And it included even the high important special separate part in the work, which explains the motivation of enterprises in which the owner is also an employee, in General textbooks on Economics. Chayanov’s concepts were involved in the contradiction to that what joined many with the collective behavior and attitude of the community, which was inoculated and dominated in the USSR in relation to politics of Stalin and his followers. All this became part of the personal biography of many of us, but not affected, despite the hard circumstances, on the mentality of A.V. Chayanov and many others. Currently, the work of Chayanov is of paramount importance for modern Russia. The role of science in society is now growing rapidly, and in the new Russian society too, but until yet society is not awaken by the fact that the pace of science development is an indicator of mental and physical health of the nation and the state.

38-46

Authors: Roman Salny

The article presents a hermeneutic analysis of Soviet feature films on the theme of student of the perestroika period (1986-1991) and analyzes the opinions of researchers of cinema on the characteristics of films about young people. This article describes features of historical periods: the democratization of political and social institutions, the emergence of new cultural patterns of behavior and communication of Soviet youth; ideological and socio-cultural contexts: reduction of ideological propaganda, the appearance of a rupture in the culture of the younger and older generations. The analysis of reality portrayed in feature films, worldview of the characters used by the authors of stereotypical situations. The article concludes that “perestroika” movies about students show some social problems relevant in the period; one of the prominent topics was the relationship between students and parents/teachers. Apparently the main reason for this was the widening gap in cultures of the younger and older generations. Conflict relations "fathers and sons" was one of the story lines in all the pictures on the student subject taken in the perestroika period.