Neurosurgery and Neurology of Kazakhstan

8-10

Authors: А.М. Sadykov, А.B. Кaliyev, К.К.Akhmetov

This article describes the experience of postraumatic basal liquorrhea diagnostics and treatment. The data of presented methods are summarized. The postraumatic basal liquorrhea frequency, mechanism, localization and treatment method selection are estimated. Obligatory stage of diagnosis is computed tomography with 3-D modeling. All patients were examined by otoneurologist. It should be noted the necessity for sampling of cerebrospinal fluid for the crops on nutrient medium. If the intensity of liquorrhea does not stop, indications for lumbar drainage appears. While choosing a surgical method of treatment, preoperative evaluation of patients with PBL requires precise localization of anatomic defect using different combinations of modern methods of X-ray, nuclear, and navigational diagnostics. Cerebrospinal fluid fistula was found using the navigation system. Plastic of pachymeninx performed autologous or synthetic material, in some cases by using a polymer material “Tachocomb. Key words: postraumatic basal liquorrhea, cerebrospinal fluid, computer tomography, dura mater, lumbar drainage

14-17

Authors: S.К. Акshulakov, Т.Т. Кеrimbayev, .V.G. Аleinikov, E.Zh. Мayev, Т.Т. Pazylbekov

In a given article the experience of a surgical treatment of spine intramedullary tumors and the technique of their removal with the use of modern microsurgical techniques are presented. There were 29 patients. In 15 cases diagnosed ependymoma, in 11 cases astrocytoma, in 3 cases other tumors. The surgical approach was a standard laminectomy, but in 8 cases gemylanminectomy. Radical resection was performed in 19 cases (65.5%), subtotal resection was performed in 7 (24,2%), biopsy in three cases (10,3%). Neurological improvement observed in 21 patients (72,4%), no changes 5 (17,2%), deterioration in 3 (10,3%). Key words: intramedullary tumors, myelotomy, ependymoma, astrocytoma

18-21

Authors: E. Brotfain, A. Leibowitz, Y. Bihovsky, Y. Shapira, A. Shwartz, A. Zhumadilov, K. Zhalimbetova, M. Klein, A. Zlotnik

Detection of abnormal body temperature facilitates proper diagnosis and evaluation of presenting complaints. The inability of any patient to maintain normal body temperature is indicative of a vast number of potentially serious disorders, including infections, neoplasms, shock, toxic reactions, and environmental exposures. Neurosurgical patient are especially vulnerable to temperature changes. More frequently, intraoperative thermal dysregulation results in hypothermia. Our chapter relates different ethiology, pathophisiology and clinical strategy of intraoperative hypothermia in neurosurgical patients. Key words: intraoperative hypothermia, neurosurgical patients

25-33

Authors: А.S. Mustafayeva, N.Е. Ivanova, V.V. Kiryanova, B.S. Mustafayev

This article presents an overview of the literature on the principles of medical and social rehabilitation of patients with severe head injury. Highlights the pathophysiological aspects of early rehabilitation of traumatic disease of the brain, examines the role the photochromotherapy in the early rehabilitation of patients with severe head injury. Key words: severe head injury, medical and social rehabilitation, pathophysiology of head injury, photochromotherapy