Neurosurgery and Neurology of Kazakhstan

3-8

Authors: Khachatryan V.А., Кim А.V., Samochernyh К.А., Gogoryan S.Ph., Мalkhasyan Zh.G., Rabandiyarov М.R., Golubova О.V., Sakhno L.V., Nesterova L.P., Lebedev К.E., Simonyan D.А.

The retrospective analysis of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 414 children in the age from 3 months to 17 years with malignant brain tumors are presented in the article. The brain tumors combined with a hydrocephalus. The authors focused attention on worth of liquoroshunting operations.

16-18

Authors: К.B. Yrysov, М.S. Nazaraliyev

Birth craniocerebral trauma includes all pathological changes of intracranial contents which appears in fetus during labor. The paper deals research of analysis of the complex diagnostics program for evaluation of condition birth craniocerebral trauma with cephalohematoma and subdural hematoma, and methods of surgical treatment. Results of complex examination and treatment of newborns with subdural hematoma after birth craniocerebral trauma are presented.

28-32

Authors: A. Zlotnik, A. Leibowitz, E. Brotfain, A. Zhumadilov , S. Yoram

Patient positioning in surgical procedures has serious implications on clinical outcome. While surgical approach and exposure are considered by surgeons, frequently, the importance of properly positioning the patient, accounting for the clinical situation and co-morbidities, is overlooked. This is particularly true in many neurosurgical procedures, which require prolonged anesthesia and immobilization. Traditionally, it is the anesthesiologist’s responsibility to look after the well being of the patient, and maintain an adequate physiological environment, promoting full recovery. In this review, we analyze the different positions common in neurosurgery considering and balancing between surgical exposure, hemodynamic implications, patient comfort and neurological outcomes. The latter should be given particular attention, as it might be difficult to differentiate between neurological deficits which are a result of the patient’s position, and those that are part of the underlying condition or surgical complication. Some positions interfere with standard monitoring or necessitate temporary interruption of or ventilation and continuous IV treatment. These as should be taken into account as well, reducing the interruption to the minimum. Finally, several complications are associated with specific positions and the approach to these complications is discussed. The review has been divided into two separate parts. Here is the first part discussing problems, related to head, neck and body positioning including supine and lateral position. The second part discussing benefits and problems related to prone and sitting position will be discussed in the next issue of the journal.