Journal of Exercise Science & Physiotherapy

7-21

Authors: Prajakta, N.; Bhawnani, N.; & Sabiha, V.

The aim of the research study was to assess the nutritional status & physical fitness of 37 young female swimmers, aged 10-14 yrs. Only competitive swimmers engaged in regular practice were chosen. Three day‟s dietary recall method was used to calculate nutrient intake. Body Fat % (BF %) & Lean Body Mass (LBM) were estimated based on total of skinfold measurements at biceps, triceps, subscapular & suprailiac. Majority of the swimmers met standards of body weight for age & height. BF % of swimmers ranged from 10.72 – 35.53 % (3.71 – 20.03 kg). LBM increased with age (24.52 ± 3.96, 28.20 ± 3.52, 28.74 ± 3.54, 30.99 ± 5.38 & 36.64 ± 7.65 kg for age groups 10+, 11+, 12+, 13+ & 14+ respectively). The results revealed higher mean intake of fat & protein but lower intake of energy as compared to recommended dietary allowances (RDAs). Intake of energy & three major nutrients showed positive correlation with weight indicating positive effect of food consumption on weight gain. Irrespective of age groups, mean intakes of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus & iron of swimmers were found to be more than RDAs. Cardio respiratory fitness showed negative correlation with energy intake (r = -0.12 to -0.38), strongly suggesting need for sufficient energy to carry out sports activities. Majority of swimmers rated above minimum standard of endurance for arm and shoulder & successfully passed flexibility test but showed poor abdominal strength. KEY WORDS: Nutritional Status, Physical Fitness, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), Endurance, Cardio Respiratory Fitness, Flexibility

28-33

Authors: Singh, T.; Singh, A.

The present investigation is based on research study undertaken to find out the effect of Shaktipat meditation on Anxiety of student- teachers. An experiment was conducted on 152 student-teachers of B. Ed. on the basis of non-randomized control group pre-test post-test design. For data collection, Comprehensive Anxiety Test developed by Sharma et al (1992); Raven‟s Standard Progressive matrices (revised 2000); and Seven-Fold Emotional Intelligence Scale (SFEIS) developed by Khaira et al (2004) were used. Analysis by ANCOVA revealed that Shaktipat Meditation was an effective practice to reduce Anxiety of student- teachers. High, average and low Emotional Intelligence (EI); different age categories (20 to 23; 24 to 27; 28 to32 years) student- teachers had equally benefited from meditation when pre-Anxiety and pre-Non-verbal Intelligence (NVI) were statistically controlled. Key words: Shaktipat Meditation, Anxiety, Emotional Intelligence, Non-verbal Intelligence

39-42

Authors: Priyamvada Shrivastava, Reeta VenuGopal, Yaushpal Singh

The present study examined the cognitive, affective and conative aspects of personality contributing in high level sports performance. Tests of FDI cognitive style, sensation seeking, attribution style (locus of control scale) were administered on the interuniversity players (high level performance group) and on intercollegiate players (low level performance group). The results of the discriminant analysis indicates that the two groups of players were significantly different in their cognitive style, attribution style, and sensation seeking personality dimensions discriminant function (Wilks lambda=0.82, p<.001). Significant F ratio indicates that the three personality dimensions differentiate individually, the two groups in sports performance. The personality dimension attribution style (external locus of control) in sports performance contributed for high level performance, 50.72% of the total discriminantes, contribution of FI cognitive style for the high level performance in sports was 32.80%. Sensation seeking contribution was found to be lowest of the total variance. Key Words: Cognitive Style, Attribution Style, Sensation seeking, Sports Performan

50-56

Authors: Multani, N.K.; and Chahal, A.

The purpose of the study was to compare the risk factors of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia based on age, sex, education, address, occupation, BMI, Muscle Strength, VAS, POMA, Physical activity, Diet and Medical status. A total of 396 individual were assessed for Bone mineral density (BMD). Out of these 22 Osteoporotic subjects and 22 Osteopenic subjects were selected randomly with Inclusion Criteria: Subject of both sexes, age more than 40 years, BMD suggestive of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia, Subjects who were able to walk with or without walking aid and Exclusion Criteria: Individuals who were on medication known to influence bone metabolism, Individuals undergone prior balance training, Hemiplegia, Parkinson's diseases, Polyneuropathy, Grade 4 Osteo-arthritis, People suffering from acute illness and Non-ambulatory subject. Data was collected individually which was later tabulated under 2 major groups (Osteoporosis and Osteopenia). The mean values for various risk factors namely age, sex, education, social class, BMI, total muscle strength, POMA, physical activity, dietary calcium, vitamin D & Phosphorus, Caffeine, alcohol, steroids and medical status were compared between osteoporosis and osteopenia by using paired t-test. A highly significant value was found for Bone mineral density (t = 13.030, p = .000) and use of steroids (t = -8.450, p = .000). The study highlights the crucial role played by steroids. However, this study did not reveal any significant difference for other risk factors between Osteoporosis and Osteopenia. This suggests that both Osteoporotic and Osteopenic subjects have comparable risk factors, though Osteopenic subjects have better bone mineral density than Osteoporotic subjects. It is concluded that people with use of steroids are at a higher risk to develop Osteoporosis rather than Osteopenia following which their Bone mineral density should be assessed specifically. Keywords: Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, Bone Mineral Dens