Journal of Exercise Science & Physiotherapy

60-69

Authors: Juneja, H.; Verma, S.K.; Khanna, G.L.

Study Design: Systematic Literature Review Objective: 1) to identify the overall trends of association of isometric strength and dynamic activities 2) to summarize the findings of reported literature on the relationship of Isometric strength and dynamic performance. Background: Isometric Strength measures have been used for many years to predict dynamic performance but there are considerable controversies regarding the potential of isometric muscle assessments to predict dynamic performance. Although researches have been conducted to study the relationship, it is important that the current available literature be reviewed to summarize the findings for clinical use. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify the published studies that correlated the Isometric and dynamic variables. Studies were searched using electronic databases and the methodological quality of each study was assessed using the modified Downs and Black 13 point criteria. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Marked difference in the methodology and variables used for isometric and dynamic activities were observed. Most studies correlated isometric strength assessments to dynamic activities or dynamic strength measurements. Discussion & Conclusion: Although there are conflicting opinions regarding the use of isometric measurements, most studies in our review report moderate to strong correlation between Isometric strength and dynamic performances specially those which involve large amounts of force and explosive power. Keywords: Isometric, dynamic, strength, power, performance, methodological quality

78-87

Authors: Debnath, U.; Narkeesh, A.; & Raghumahanti, R.

Proprioception is the awareness of the body position, orientation, movement and sensation of force. Proprioception is necessary to establish an accurate, efficient and coordinated response of efferent system to the demands of environment. As an evaluation is important to establish the goal of intervention in any patient, so an integrated proprioceptive assessment tool is required to examine proprioception deficit qualitatively and quantitatively. There are no evidences found, regarding an integrated approach of evaluating proprioception. In this study an integrated proprioceptive assessment scale was formulated covering all possible and related proprioceptive testing methods. The mean and SD was taken for each quantitative testing procedure documented and furthermore the test-retest reliability for each new measurement procedure was tested. The sensitivity, validity and the reliability of the scale was examined. Key words: Angular error, Distance error, Proprioception score, Integrated Scale, Reliability, Sensitivity, Validity

91-93

Authors: Gothi, J. L.; Silawat, N.; And Savalia, J.

The present study has been conducted with a view to investigate the trend of academic research in Physical Education in Indian Universities, submitted by Post-Graduate students during their master's programme. In this research, it was found that though the academic research made in various Indian Universities has been centered on individual practice, yet research title have been transformed from theoretical translation to step in an intensive study on objective facts. This study was conducted on master‟s dissertations submitted by the Post-Graduate students during their master‟s programme in various Indian Universities for their academic purposes. Key words: Physiology, Psychology and Sports Training

102-105

Authors: Jadhav, K.G.; Deshmukh, P.N.; Tuppekar, R.P.; and Sinku, S.K.

The primary objectives of the study was to qualitify the injuries of varsity volleyball players and to determine the nature, location, causes, outcome of injuries and the possible risk factors involved. Information on injuries was collected through a questionnaire from members of twelve Indian varsity teams participating in all India Inter Varsity tournament held in Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad Maharashtra in December 2007. The age range of the players was 18 to 25 years. 58% of players were in the age range of 22 to 25 years. The volleyball players were asked to recall injuries over the preceding one year period. A total of 121 out of 144 volleyball players sustained injuries. One hundred seventy eight injuries were recorded of which 36% injuries were of recurrent nature. Lower limb injuries were found to be predominant; the ankle and knee being the most commonly injured anatomical location. Most injuries involved soft tissue and related to the muscle and tendon. Most common circumstances giving rise to injuries were spiking (33.70%), blocking (24.15%), diving (17.41%) and setting (11.23%). It was further observed that volleyball players directly involved in attack or defense were found to be more susceptible to injury. Muscle injuries were observed to be the most common type. Spiking is the most common cause of injuries. The results of the research provide a useful insight into the nature, incidence and sites of injuries in varsity level volleyball players. Key Words: Job Satisfaction, Government Schools, Private Schools, Public Schools

112-119

Authors: Sakshi; Multani, N.K.

Purpose- To determine the comparison of effects of breathing exercise with aerobic exercise training on lung volumes of asthmatic children. Need of the Study-Children suffering from asthma lead a less active lifestyle. Avoidance of day to day triggers such as exercise and cold air generally imposes inappropriate restriction on life. This results in weakness of primary respiratory muscles and overuse of accessory muscles in breathing. There are also abnormal changes in lung volumes. These impairments or abnormal changes are associated with decreased tolerance to exercise, frequent episodes of dyspnea, decreased walking speed and distance, and eventual inability to perform activities of daily living at home or in workplace or to remain active participant in the community. The present study was conducted to compare the role of breathing exercise with that of aerobic exercise in the patients of asthma. The study has also explored physiological capacities of lung in these patients. Method- The sample size of forty subjects was taken to perform the study. The subjects were divided in two groups of twenty each. One group was given breathing exercise intervention and other group was given aerobic exercise intervention. Before and after the intervention period, the child was investigated with spirometeric analysis to find out the changes in the lung volumes after the effect of exercises in each group. Both exercises interventions were administrated four 6 weeks period. Results- The overall improvement of lung function was significantly more in aerobic exercise interventions than breathing exercise interventions. Conclusions- The breathing exercise intervention was effective in improving the lung volumes in asthmatic children. The aerobic exercise intervention was also effective in improving the lung volumes in asthmatic children. However, the quantum of reduction in lung obstruction and therefore, the overall improvement in lung functions was found to be more significant with the aerobic exercise intervention than breathing exercise intervention. Keywords: Asthma, Aerobic exercises, Breathing exercises, Spirometry, Lung Volumes

126-129

Authors: Leena, L.

The purpose of clinical study is reimplantation technique used in the treatment of an avulsive teeth case. This case report is related to an avulsed tooth and its management in case of a 17 year old female gymnast player. A 17 year old girl reported to the dental clinic with swelling of upper lip and displacement of upper right central incisor and avulsion of left lateral incisor. She got the injury while she was doing gymnastics. She had lost her upper left central incisor at the gymnastic ground. Clinical examination showed swelling of upper lip, laceration on lower chin, displaced right upper central incisor, avulsed left lateral incisor and missing left central incisor. Tooth reimplantation was carried out by rinsing the avulsed tooth carefully with saline and all the contaminants were removed. The socket was then flushed with saline and the avulsed tooth was slowly reimplanted with digital pressure. Splinting of the avulsed tooth was done with a semi rigid splint for 4 weeks. Antibiotic coverage was given to the patient. Root canal treatment of the left lateral incisor and right central incisor was done. Splint was removed after 4 weeks. The avulsed teeth were placed back into the socket with the help of finger pressure. Patient was advised to avoid biting on the splinted teeth and continue to brush the other teeth, only soft foods were advised to be eaten and refrain from acidic beverage consumption. After 4 weeks the splint was removed. The results of the treatment were teeth remained symptomless and showed no sign of discoloration, gum abscesses, pulp death, teeth pain and root resorption. Key words: Gymnast player, Avulsed tooth, Incisor, Reimplantation, Splinting