INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

12-19

Authors: Nuril Mahda Rangkuti

Land is an important element of the structure underneath a construction, so that the soil must have a good carrying capacity. But the reality on the ground is that many soils have low carrying capacity, so it is necessary to stabilize the soil with gypsum and cement. This study aims to determine the effective percentage of gypsum and cement addition and the effect of the addition of Gypsum and Cement to physical changes in clay soil in terms of the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value of the curing time. This research was conducted in the laboratory, by testing the physical properties of the soil and the carrying capacity of the soil (CBR) with variations in the addition of gypsum and cement by 1%, 3%, and 5% with a long curing time of 1, 7, and 14 days . Sample testing is carried out with two treatments, namely soil samples are first cured and then compacted and the sample is solidified first and then cured. From the research results obtained the largest CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value occurs in the variation of the addition of Gypsum and Cement 5% with the length of time for soil specimens to be compacted first before curing is equal to 41.54%, this is due to the mixture of soil with gypsum and cement has been manjai solid before the collection can occur, the cavities between soil particles also become solid, so that the strength also increases. From the California Bearing Ratio results, it can be seen that the addition of gypsum and cement to clay soil shows an increase in the value of California Bearing Ratio on clay.

25-31

Authors: Bello Imamudeen , Shiv Kumar Singh

Medium and high carbon steels are usually quenched in polymer and oil in order to avoid cracking and distortion; however, recent studies have proved that it is possible to minimize cracking using water as a coolant of these steels by promoting extremely high cooling rates. By great agitation and velocity of quench ant, the vapour blanket is reduced or prevented during water quench, allowing uniform hardening of the surface. In this study, the cooling severity of a spray quenching system and a high-speed quenching chamber are studied. Cylindrical samples of AISI 304 stainless steel (20mm in diameter and 100mm length) were employed to characterize the cooling severity. Thermal data was acquired through K-type thermocouples placed in the sample at three positions, 1mm below surface, mid-radius and at centre of the specimen, connected to a data acquisition system. High thermal gradients were observed in both systems, being the high-speed chamber the severest cooling. The maximum cooling rate obtained at the surface was 470 and 300C/s for the high-speed chamber and the spray system, respectively. In addition, 5160 spring steel samples were quenched for short times in both systems; the cooling was interrupted to avoid through transformation and to produce a case-core type microstructure. Different cooling times were used for the interrupted quenching to modify the marten site case thickness. No cracks.

39-46

Authors: Mrs. M.R. Ayishajuhi , Dr. R. Sreeletha

The present study investigated on scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students in Kanyakumari district. The objective of the study was to find out the level of scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students. The study also investigated to find out the significant difference in scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students with respect to the gender, locality of institution, medium of instruction, type of family, type of school and religion. The investigator used normative survey method for investigation. Data was collected from a sample of 300 higher secondary students. The investigator used Scientific Interest Inventory (Ayishajuhi and Sreeletha, 2018) and Creativity test (Devishree and Sam Sandra Raj, 2009). The statistical techniques used were percentage analysis, t-test, ANOVA and Person Product moment (r). The findings revealed that the level of scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students at moderate level. There was no significant difference in scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students with respect to locality of school, medium of instruction, type of school and religion, but significant difference existed in the scientific interest and level of creativity among higher secondary students with respect to gender and type of family.

67-76

Authors: M. M. Tyoakoso , M. D. Toungos , M. Babayola

Field experiments was conducted during the 2015 rainy season at Teaching and Research Farm of Department of Crop Science, Taraba State College of Agriculture Jalingo, to investigate the effect of Nitrogen rates on the growth and yield of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdc) in Jalingo. The experiments was laid out in split-plot design with three replications and three nitrogen rates, 20kgNha-1 , 25kgNha-1 and 30kgNha-1 as main plot treatment while four intra-row spacing, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm and 35cm as the sub plot treatment. The sub plot size was 3m x 2m (6m2 ). The nitrogen rate doses were applied a week after emergence of the seedlings. Data collected were, percentage seedlings emergence, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, number of nodules per plant, number of effective nodules per plant, number of non-effective nodules per plant, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seeds weight, grain yield per plot and grain yield per ha-1 . Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that nitrogen rate applied had no significant influence on growth and yield characters. However, significant influence was recorded of intra-row spacing on number of leaves per plant and number of branches per plant at 6WAS with a mean value of 48.24 and 16.80 respectively. Intra-row spacing, 25cm gave the highest mean number (3.14) of noneffective nodules per plant at 30 DAS while 25cm gave the highest number of days to 50% flowering. The result of the interaction revealed that there were significant interaction between Nitrogen rates and intra-row spacing on the number of leaves at 3 WAS and 6WAS. It is recommended that nitrogen rate of 20kgNha-1 and intra-row spacing of 35cm be adopted for Bambara groundnut in Jalingo.

86-109

Authors: John Kwizera , Prof. Raymond Wafula Ongus

The study was inspired by the arising issues of concern related to why customer accounts were inactive. The study examined effect of Information technology usage on customer acceptance at GT Bank, Kigali Rwanda. The research design was a case study, with target population of 20,335 customers who used either ATM, Internet banking or mobile banking technologies, 3 e-banking staff and 5 GT Bank branch managers. The data analysis tool used was Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Findings revealed that Mobile banking and ATM were mostly used more than Internet banking, depending on features of use and security. ATM features were more accepted compared to Internet banking and Mobile banking features. Multiple regression analysis found R the coefficient of correlation to be 0.927 signifying a very strong positive correlation between information technology usage and customer acceptance. The coefficient of determination R2 = 0.859 indicated that 85.9% of the variability in customer acceptance depended on stochastic model developed, whereas the remaining 14.10% was attributed to factors beyond the control of the study. The study recommended awareness campaigns about Internet banking technology and the provision of security awareness, to increase trust of customers using information technology.

115-122

Authors: Dr. Shivanand S. Pattan , Dr. Kishore G. Bhat , Mrs. Geeta D. Pattar , Mrs. Manjula Kuntag

Background & Objectives: Assays for neutrophils constitute an important component of screening tests in clinical immunology. There are no standard protocols for performing many of these tests and procedures vary from one laboratory to another. In addition, normal ranges for these assays in healthy Indian population have not been defined. Hence, an attempt is made to evaluate and present a simple technique for WBC isolation and NBT test. Methods: The study involved participation of 30 healthy adult volunteers. Ten of blood sample collected from each subject was subjected to three different procedures for isolation of WBCs - Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, dextran sedimentation and gelatin sedimentation methods. Cells isolated from these procedures were then used to perform NBT test. Smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa and results were expressed as % of stimulated and unstimulated cells. Results: The mean cell yield from both dextran and gelatin methods was comparable (2921.67cells vs 2806.67cells/cu mm). The cell yield from Ficoll-Hypaque method was much lower (1408.33 cells/cu mm). In NBT test, the mean readings of stimulated (61%) and unstimulated cells (18%) were almost similar in all three procedures of cell isolation. Conclusions: Comparison of procedures show that gelatin and dextran sedimentation methods yield high amount of relatively purified WBCs. The efficacy of cells isolated from all three procedures in NBT test was almost similar. The range of stimulated and unstimualted cells in the subjects were within expected levels. Gelatin sedimentation is economical, easy to perform and can be adopted to any clinical laboratory for WBC isolation.

133-143

Authors: Şeyma Emeç , Gökay Akkaya

The problem of a warehouse location selecting which has a significant impact on logistics costs is an important decision problem based on the best choice of alternatives under multiple conflicting criteria. Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are used as a solution approach for the decision problems including several criteria. In this study, a new stochastic multi-criteria decision-making approach has been developed to solve the warehouse location selection problem (WLSP) in the stochastic environment which contains uncertain situations. In the proposed approach, the SAHP (Stochastic Analytic Hierarchy Process) method was used to calculate the weight of criteria, and the alternatives were ranked and evaluated by fuzzy MOORA (MultiObjective Optimization by Ratio Analysis). The proposed approach is applied to warehouse selection problem of a supermarket chain located in Turkey. The results of the research indicated that A2 is the best alternative. It can be said that the proposed method can be applied to the real life problems because it found a suitable solution to the problem

150-176

Authors: A.S. Haddabi

Cowpea is a good and cheapest source of protein to human beings and feeds to livestock. Production of the crop is accompanied with insect pests problems which makes the use of insecticides imperative. The broad objective was to analyze the use of insecticides among cowpea farmers in Fufore Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria, and the specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the common insecticides used by the respondents, determine the costs of insecticides incurred per unit area to control cowpea pests by the respondents, determine the socio-economic factors influencing the use of insecticides for control of cowpea pests by the respondents, and identify the major constraints encountered by the respondents in cowpea production in the study area. Data for this research were obtained from primary source with the aid of questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression. The linear regression results shows that the use of insecticides by the respondents is influenced directly by their educational level (0.014115), Household size (0.004386), Farming experience (0.008612) and Farm size (0.036816). Similarly, age of the respondents inversely affect their decision to use insecticides (-0.003066). An average of N3,737.17 was incurred in procuring insecticides to control cowpea pests per hectare. The entire respondents used modern insecticides. The common insecticides used were Cypermethrim 10EC or 10%EC and Lambda-cyhalothrim, were mostly used. Majority of the respondents (29.05%) were at their active age of 40-49 years, most of them (84.76%) were male, 90.48% were married, 32.86% (majority) had family size 6-10, and 56.67% had one form of formal education of another, while 73.81% were engaged in farming. It could be concluded that, the use of insecticides for control of pests in cowpea production will not only lead to food security among farmers in the production area, but will help in general food security all over the country since cowpea is an important protein food consumed far beyond the immediate production area. Based on the above, I recommend that: effective insecticides should be made available to farmers when required, youths should be encouraged to embark on cowpea production, government should have a political will towards agriculture so as to improve extension services, and cowpea farmers should adopt integrated pest management (IPM) as a remedy to pest problems in cowpea production.

189-198

Authors: Zeynep Başağaoğlu Demirekin , Yavuz Findik , S. Süha Turkaslan , Timuçin Baykul , Merve Erken

Introduction: The interpretation of clinical results of dental implant supported prosthesis treatment is very crucial to be able to make a comparison between different implant systems and treatment options and furthermore to benefit the experiences of the other clinicians. However, the clinical outcomes of these studies should be reported in an objective way and be independent from the system used and also be prepared in accordance with certain criteria and standards that have been accepted scientifically world-wide for being reliable and describing long-term results. Aim: Three-hundred and eighty-two consecutive NTA implants were performed on ninety-nine patients. The implants used in 2016 and the constructed restorations were retrospectively analyzed. In addition, the effect of the experience of clinician was evaluated related with the success of the implant therapy. Materials and Method: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics Süleyman Demirel University. Three-hundred and eighty-two consecutive NTA implants were performed on ninety-nine patients. The implants used in 2016 and the constructed restorations were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The implants were followed for at least 2 years. In total, 239 implants were inserted. It was found in 143 mandibles. Prosthetic restorations were determined to be partial prosthetics (219), single crown (81) and overdenture prosthetics (64). During the evaluation period, 6 implants failed before prosthetic treatment, ten decementations, six retentive screw loosening and five porcelain chipping were detected. Discussion and Conclusions: The early results of our study are consistent with the results of other studies. However, long-term follow-up is required for more accurate assessments.

209-215

Authors: Sur Sharma

Visual culture attempts to expose that other facet of the world which almost hitherto remains concealed from the majority of the populace. This is because the people across the globe were fed with the visual images that largely went on a par with the interests of the white Europeans. In other words, visual culture views the world from a “subaltern” perspective and challenges the norms set by “a white European Christian male” centric outlook. To put it simply, visual culture studies and interprets the world, which is made up of visual images, from the point of view of marginalized, the suppressed or the disadvantaged. In this connection, the study of visual culture enjoys a close affiliation with feminism and critical race theory.

224-230

Authors: Yuyut Prayuti

The purpose of this study is to analyze Islamic Law and Law No. 7 of 2014 concerning Regulations against the Sale and Purchase of Used Clothing at Gede Bage Market, Bandung. Data collection techniques were taken through observation and interviews. Furthermore, the data collected is compiled and analyzed using descriptive analysis method. The results of the study concluded that the practice of buying and selling used clothing at the Gede Bage Market in Bandung is almost the same as the practice of buying and selling in general. Products traded are clothes, shirts, shirts, only in the process of buying and selling, the seller does not provide information about the condition and status of the goods being sold. According to Islamic law in buying and selling used clothing is permitted if the buyer indirectly knows that the goods sold are used clothing, because clothes sold in the scope of ordinary shops and prices are relatively cheaper. Buying and selling is not allowed if the buyer really does not understand the condition of the seller because in this case including tadlis (fraud). Whereas according to the Trade Law concerning imported goods which are not new or used clothing that has violated the Trade Law are contained in article 47 paragraph 1. So that according to the Trade Law the imported goods are not new or used clothing is subject to sanctions according to article 111, namely imprisoned for a maximum of 5 (five) years or a maximum fine of Rp.5,000,000,000.00 (five billion rupiah).

239-242

Authors: Dr Anjali Sabnis , Dr. Prakash Mane

Xiphoid process is smallest and distal component of manubrium sternum which is located in epigastrium. Variations in size and shape of xiphoid process are commonly observed. During teaching sternum to 1st M.B.B.S. students of MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, two small foramina in two different xiphoid processes were noticed. Though presence of foramen in xiphoid process is not uncommon, their presence should not be ignored. During assessment of injuries in autopsy, post-mortem examination and radiological reporting knowledge of xiphoid process and foramina in xiphoid process will be helpful.

252-258

Authors: Ukpong Iniodu George , Joshua Esther Ifenyinwa

Currency notes could play a role in the transmission of faeco-oral pathogens. This study aimed at identifying the possible role of the Nigerian Naira in the transmission of some neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and the implication on their intervention and control in Nigeria. Method: 250 samples of all denominations of mint, dirty and mutilated Naira notes were examined for presence of parasites using the rinse method. Result: 58.4% of notes were contaminated with 161 cysts and ova of a protozoan (45.3%) and helminths (54.7%): Entamoeba histolytica cysts (43.7%), Enterobius vermicularis ova (5.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides ova (34.7%) and Hookworm ova (12.6%). Parasite contamination was independent of currency denomination (X2 =45.4; P=0.05). Mutilated notes harboured more parasites (51.5%) than dirty notes (44.9%). Mint notes had zero contamination. This was statistically significant (X2 =5.6; P<0.05). Polymer notes were more contaminated (51.37%) than paper notes. This study has identified a public health risk and the potential role of the Naira notes in the epidemiology of some NTDs in the study area. Public education on the health implications of the abuse of the Naira, beyond reasons of patriotism is required now. The Central Bank should ensure quick withdrawal of mutilated notes from circulation

271-284

Authors: Muntholib , Hidayat , Jaya

The Government has established qualifications and competency standards for education personnel, including Minister of Education Regulation No. 24/2008 concerning school administrative staff competencies, Minister of Education Regulation No.26/2008 concerning laboratories competence, Minister of Education Regulation No. 27/2008 concerning school counselor competencies. School education personnel who have met these standards can be said to be professional education staff. To meet these standards, principals must take special steps, hereinafter referred to as strategic management. This study aims to determine and study the empirical picture of the strategic problems faced by Jambi City 1 High School, Muara Bungo 1 High School and Sungai Penuh City 1 and Sungai Penuh School and the strategy undertaken in responding to the needs of the development of education staff in the future to respond to global competition. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, with data collection techniques using interviews, observation and document studies. Data analysis is performed through data display, data reduction and data verification processes. The results of this study are generally the state of professionalism of the teaching staff in Jambi Province State Senior High School not all meet the standards set by the Government. The strategic management of the headmaster of SMA Negeri 1 in Jambi Province begins with a school selfevaluation. The results of the school self-evaluation serve as a reference for the school principal in the formulation of the school's vision, mission and goals as well as the principal's policy in developing professionalism of the teaching staff.

292-314

Authors: Mukhtar , Hidayat , Alef Meichaty

The purpose of this study was to find out the factors that resulted in the inability of the effectiveness of teacher certification in improving teacher professional services in the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province, how effective the certification of teachers in the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province, how teacher professional services in the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province, and how the effectiveness of teacher certification in improving teacher professional services in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province. The research approach used is a qualitative approach where data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. This study results in findings that the effectiveness of teacher certification in the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province has not been able to optimally improve teacher professional services due to inconsistent recruitment procedures for teacher certification candidates, weak implementation of government regulations on government employees discipline, the absence of regulations that bind certified teachers, and the actualization of certified teacher actualization. The effectiveness of teacher certification has not been implemented properly due to the operational guidelines and technical guidelines for teacher certification which only lead to the fulfillment of administrative obligations and have not touched on the impact and results of the teacher professional allowance. Teacher professional services in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province prioritize the fulfillment of non-substantive aspects. The effectiveness of teacher certification in the improvement of professional care services in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jambi Province is more pragmatic. So that certified teachers are more concerned with meeting economic needs rather than updating in the teaching and learning process.

325-336

Authors: Muntholib , Hidayat , Jaya

This study has a background and purpose, namely to find out and analyze why Islamic Boarding School Transformation can Improve Islamic Religious Education in Jambi Province. The research methodology used is qualitative with data collection instruments with observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study are the Transformation of Islamic Boarding Schools in Improving Islamic Education in Jambi Province (case study in the Sa'atuddaren Islamic boarding school in Jambi City, Al-Baqiyatush Shalihat Islamic boarding school in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency and Nurul Jalal Islamic Boarding School in Tebo district), which is to make Islamic boarding schools are bigger, contribute to Islamic education, quality output, student who are able to continue their education outside the Province and Overseas (Egypt, Yemen, Medina), and achieve provincial and national level achievements. The achievements were in the field of Musawatbaqah Tilawatil Quran (MTQ), among others; champion of tahfidzul quran, fahmil quran, quran syarhil, quran recitations, quran qhatil, hadrah, promising nazom and natsar. Then the Muyabaqah Qiraatul Pole (MQK) field, among others; champion of interpretation, balaghah, fiqh, ushul fiqh, mantek, ma’ani.