INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-10

Authors: Pande Ayu Naya Kasih Permatananda , Putu Indah Budi Apsari , Saktivi Harkitasari

Background: Among the cause of the treatment failure in epilepsy, low adherence to prescribed medication is the principal cause of unsuccessful drug treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adherence and the relations with quality of life among epilepsy patients in Denpasar. Method: Our research based on cross sectional design and conducted in neurology department of tertiary referral hospital in Denpasar. We used Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) to measure level of adherence and World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire to assess quality of life (QOL) score. Results: On this research, we found 83 epilepsy patients who fulfilled eligibility criteria, there are 43 patients categorized as non-adherent and 39 patients belong to adherent. Based on the cross tabulation between characteristic of participants and adherence, we found that age and duration of therapy influence the adherence level of epilepsy patient (p value < 0.05). Epilepsy patients who adherent to the treatment have higher score of QOL than epilepsy patients who not adherent, especially on physical domain of QOL, the difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Improving adherence is so important to improve the quality of life of epilepsy patients.

17-29

Authors: Jeany Rose Teguihanon , Ginbert Permejo Cuaton

The increasing and enhanced migration over borders amplified the interdependency between countries making it as one of globalization’s greatest indicator. The study of migration and its patterns involves analyzing different forces at play, in particular, the causes and impact on the sending and receiving countries. Anchored on a qualitative resign design, the data from secondary sources were gathered through desk research, and organized and analyzed using content analysis. This study takes an in-depth discussion and analysis of the degree and impacts of maternal labor migration, specifically in the countries of China, Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Philippines and Poland. Findings demonstrate that the increase of ‘feminization’ of labor emigration has brought about concerns over the ‘crisis of care' when women and mothers leave. The focus on the impact of mother’s migration is in relation to the perception that although maternal migration has positive effects, i.e. improved livelihood income due to remittances, it could also present complex negative impacts to the welfare of families and children left behind.

38-47

Authors: Cristina Marie Alissandra V. Redubla, RPm , Ginbert Permejo Cuaton

In the Philippines, mental illness remains a stigmatized, under-researched topic. Few studies on mental health are available, and at present, there is scant literature concerning the experiences of people living with and giving care to mentally ill peoples. This qualitative study aims to help families, mental health professionals, and the general community, gain an understanding of the experiences of caregivers and the challenges they face in sustaining their roles. Phenomenological method was employed for this research to explore the experiences of caregivers of the mentally ill patients in a Mental Health Facility in Leyte, Philippines. The primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with carers/caregivers/relatives of five (5) mentally ill persons. Library and internet desk research in its related literature were also employed. General findings of the study showed that caring for a mentally ill is burdensome. Data analysis revealed four superordinate themes under the experiences of caregivers, these consists of 1) caregiving difficulties, 2) various emotional reactions, 3) attitude towards the situation, and 4) positive caregiving experiences. Several support programs and services such as provision of mental health education and counseling regarding facts about the illness, its treatment and management, and leniency on watcher requirements during hospital admission are recommended to facilitate better caregiving experience of carers of the mentally ill.

56-63

Authors: Nalan Aksakal

The aim of this study is to determine School of Physical Education and Sports students’ attitudes background about edutainment approach. A total of 338 students participated in the study; 118 female and 220 male. The study used Attitude Towards Edutainment Scale for data collection purposes. The data obtained were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Explanatory Factor Analysis, Correlation Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis by using SPSS 18 software. According to the findings the relationship among attitude factors regarding edutainment, correlations among factors range between ,51 and ,63. The lowest correlation value (0.51) was calculated for “perceived learning effect” and “drama” and “practice” factor while the highest correlation (0.63) for “expression and material and drama and practice” factors. Pearson correlation coefficients imply a medium level correlation among all factors. According to standardized beta (β) values in regression model, which shows the correlation among variables, “perceived learning effect” factor has the strongest effect on all recommendation and satisfactionwhich are the dependent variables. In conclusion, the study found a meaningful relationship between edutainment approach and “recommendation” and edutainment approach and “satisfaction” It was also found that “satisfaction” has a strong effect on recommendation variable.

79-96

Authors: Nuruddeen Usman

This Paper investigates the impact of remittances on the financial development of countries in the sub-Saharan Africa using panel data analysis from 1985 to 2013. Several Literature has been written on the impact of remittance on growth and on poverty in sub-Saharan Africa however few have critically analysed the impact of remittances on financial development in the region. Using two definitions of financial development, the ratio of money supply to GDP (M2/GDP), and the ratio of domestic credit to GDP (DC/GDP), this paper finds that remittances have a positive effect of financial development. However, the size of the effect depends on definition of financial development that is used in the analysis.

105-115

Authors: Preetam Singh Rao

Cybercrime is advancing at a shocking pace, following indistinguishable dynamic from the inescapable entrance of PC innovation and correspondence into all kinds of different backgrounds. While society is concocting and developing, in the meantime, lawbreakers are sending an amazing flexibility keeping in mind the end goal to get the best advantage from it. to abstain from giving cybercriminals the activity, it is vital for those associated with the battle against cybercrime to endeavor to foresee subjective and quantitative changes in its hidden components so they can modify their strategies fittingly.

120-129

Authors: Felisa P. Lucero-Sanico

This study focused on the organizational capacity assessment of the University of Eastern Philippines as an input to policy direction. This employed descriptive research design using the middle level management of every college covering the Deans and department chairs as respondents. This included the members of the University Administrative Council. OCA assessment template was modified and used as instrument of this study. This study found out that mostly of the middle managers are older, female, and a majority of the middle managers are younger in the service which signifies that the institution is after the fresh ideas of newer in the service. The university were assessed in the seven (7) capacity areas: governance, operations and management, human resources development, financial management, business services, delivery, communication (vertical and horizontal), and external relations. The middle managers are consistent with their responses on their capacity along business services delivery, financial management, and human resource development. Along the recommendatory assessment, the University should focus on assessing the governing body whether it functions and attracts funding, review regularly and update the University Code, benchmark effective strategy for implementing business plans for IGPs, facilities and equipment management control in place, develop and follow staff training plan, prepare system to motivate staff in place, follow budgetary allocation seriously, determine adequate capacity for bulking of inputs and agricultural products, use of assessment tools for evaluating members satisfaction with services provided to them, improve capacity to set baselines, targets and monitor, meet local market share adequately, improve grievance mechanism, establish e-communication platform, in place faculty and student exchange program, and mainstream the alumni to the university activities.

136-141

Authors: Ronaldo A. Amit

This study assessed the status of implementation of the policies on student affairs and services among state universities in the Island of Samar, as basis for program enhancement. This determined the status of implementation of the following student welfare programs and services, vis-à-vis the policies of SUC’s in Samar Island with respect to admission, career and placement service, economic enterprise development, food services, guidance and counseling, health services, information and orientation service, international student service, research, monitoring and evaluation of student affairs and services, safety and security, scholarship and financial assistance, services of students with special needs, student discipline, student handbook and student housing. The four (4) SUC’s in Samar Island were selected as the locale of this study. These were the University of Eastern Philippines Main Campus (Catarman), North West Samar State University Main Campus (Calbayog City), Samar State University Main Campus (Catbalogan City) and Eastern Samar State University Main Campus (Borongan City) with the university presidents, deans/directors of the Student Affairs and Services, personnel, and students as respondents. Frequency counts, percentages, and weighted mean computations were used to analyze the descriptive data obtained from the respondents of the study who were chosen through complete enumeration for presidents, deans/directors and personnel and random sampling for the students, respectively. The status of implementation of the student welfare programs and services as well as student development program and services in different state universities in the Samar Island, were both rated as “very satisfactory” which means that these programs and services were much implemented. Hence, an action plan was prepared for further enhancement of the student affairs and services in state universities as an offshoot of this study.

148-157

Authors: Jose P. Ching, Jr., DM

This paper aims to determine the MIS unit’s operational status and the performance level of information systems of the state universities and colleges in the Samar-Leyte Islands. In order to determine and appreciate the value and importance of MIS unit’s services, the unit requires a review of its profile and ICT resources. The theory of Information System success model of DeLone and McLean was then used for evaluation to measure the performance and effectiveness of IS in terms of system, information, service quality, use (intention to), user satisfaction and net benefits. The profile of MIS units identified each its capacity and characterized the performance and quality of IS.

163-176

Authors: Felisa L. Sanico

This study investigated the perceptions of the faculty of members, school official and students in terms of environmental protection and management. It employed random sampling using survey questionnaires to gather data from the respondents. Frequency counts and percentage were used to process the data. Most of the respondents had positive responses on waste reduction and management, as the commonly used environmental protection strategy in the school. A majority of them rejected plastics and agreed that these are harmful to the environment friendly products, are materials that can be recycled, and less favored materials are the non-toxic products, and a majority of the respondents favored that individual bulk packaging is preferred than bulk packaging of products from suppliers. High percentage favored that the classrooms are designed to make use of natural ventilation and natural lighting. Most of the respondents had negative responses on the issue of planning the campus in such a way as to reduce the use of motor vehicle in terms of motor boat as mode of transportation. There was a high percentage of positive response regarding the physical greening of the school, as observed in the entire campus. A majority of the respondents had positive responses on fluorescent lamps as the commonly used source of light, than of the use of incandescent. Most of the respondents had negative response on artesian well as the source of water, and a high positive response was observed regarding local water works as the source of water for everyday use. Majority of the respondents agreed that office machines are turned off when not in use, and using the fans whenever possible also had a high positive response; only fewer respondents agreed on the usage of air conditioner. A majority of the respondents agreed that white paper is the most preferred kind of paper in the school.

189-199

Authors: Besufikad Enideg Getnet

Soybean is an economically important leguminous crop. Genetic improvements of the crop have focused mainly on enhancement of seed and oil yield, development of varieties suited to different cropping systems and locations, and breeding resistant/tolerant varieties for various biotic and abiotic stresses. The concept surrounding genetic improvement of soybean has the potential to impact all aspects of the crop. Resistance to biotic and abiotic factors have a profound impact on production, quality, crop values and profitability. Plant breeders have used conventional breeding techniques for the improvement of these traits in soybean. The conventional breeding process can be greatly accelerated through the application of molecular and genomic approaches. Since the inception of soybean breeding in Ethiopia in the 1950s a remarkable success has been achieved in increasing its yield and developing varieties which fit in the vast agro-ecology of the country. Even though Ethiopia lags behind many nations from the point of view of productivity of the crop considerable achievements were made possible. The overall success in the breeding program of soybean is reviewed in this article.

208-216

Authors: Divina Minguez-Galenzoga

This study aimed to identify the shrubs and trees in the five island towns of Northern Samar, Philippines; determine their abundance, community structure; and economic uses to the locals. Four barangays in every island town represented the north, south, east, and west sides. Line Intercept Transect (LIT) at intervals of 100m and plot method with an area of 10m x 10m were used in gathering the data. Transect walks, field plots, and transects were also used in gathering data. There were 207 species of shrubs and trees belonging to 152 genera and 64 families. Shrubs constituted 55.33% and trees 44.67% of the total number of species. Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) ranked first in relative density (25.50%), relative frequency (25.30%), and importance value (59.15%). Plots in the island of Laoang were observed to have the highest Shannon Diversity Index (3.25%) and Simpson’s Dominance Index (1.86%). The most abundant shrub and tree species in the island towns were Citrus microcarpa (Cucurbitaceae) and Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) respectively. The least abundant shrub and tree species were Gardenia jasminoides (Rubiaceae) and Cananga odorata (Annonaceae) respectively. There were more species of shrubs and trees in the island town of Laoang than in the other four island towns.

221-226

Authors: Dr. Dnyaneshwar Kantaram Jadhav

Ayurved is science of life. From ancient Indian surgery, it has been observed that various operations successfully performed in those days also. In ancient period Acharya were doing surgery in Ayurveda. Sushrut is father of modern surgery. It is common man’s thinking that there is no surgical treatment for disease in the science of Ayuvred. After the turn over the pages of sushrut Samhita, one will understand that sushrut has laid done the basic concept of the present surgery. Nasal polyps are growth of soft tissues on the lining of the nasal passage or sinus. In Ayurvedic samhita, nasal polyps are referred to as Nasarsha. Jaloukavacharana is best mini surgery in this nasal polyp. 14 years old children suffering from Nasal block (Nasa-avarodha), breathing difficulty (Ayasen swasa), running nose (Nasa strav), snoring since last 3 years. One-time application of jaloukavacharana give him excellent results. The present article is Management of Nasal polyps with an Ayurvedic mini surgery i.e jaloukavachrana.

249-255

Authors: Dr Anjali Pandey

The chalcolithic potteries, like Terracotta potteries with cylindrical pots and surahies, indicate the influence of West Asia and Iran.7 The art of glazed pottery have indigenous forms, designs and vibrant blue colour. Jaipur is widely recognized for the blue pottery having the Terko-Persian influence.8 The objects of blue pottery are lamp sheds, crockery, Jewelry boxes, serving trays, flower vases, and bowls etc.

264-273

Authors: Mohammed D. Toungos

The research, optimizing nitrogenous fertilizer with and without cow dung on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in Digil-Mubi, Adamawa state, Nigeria, was conducted in Farm and skills acquisition center Digil -Mubi, to determine the effects of nitrogenous fertilizer with and without cow dung on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in the area. Seeds of maize was obtained from the open market in Mubi. Complete randomized design (CRD) was used and replicated three times. The trials were conducted during the 2018 cropping season at Digil - Mubi, Mubi Local Government, Adamawa state, Nigeria. Located in the Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. Digil - Mubi is situated between latitude 100 10’’ and 100 30’’ North of the Equator and between longitude 130 10 and 130 30’’ E of the Greenwich meridian and at an altitude of 696 m above mean sea level (MSL). The results obtained, showed that, there were significant differences at P< 0.05 in terms of yield between treatment two (30Kg N + 0 tone cow dung and 60Kg N + 5 ton cow dung. But there were no significant difference at P< 0.05 in terms of yield between 90Kg N + 5 tones cow dung and 120Kg N + 5 tones cow dung. However, luxuriant growth was observed in 120Kg N + 5 tones cow dung than the 90Kg N + 5 tones cow dung. Similarly, there were no significant difference in yield in the control plot ( 0Kg N + 0 tone cow dung) and 30Kg N + 0 tone cow dung. But the growth performance varies based on the treatment’s combinations. The results obtained from this study showed that, combined application of nitrogen and cow dung in Digil Locality resulted in higher growth, yield and changes in some soil chemical properties than sole application of each nutrient source in the study area. The results also reveals that, the application of 90Kg N + 5 tones of cow dung gave the highest yield of 2,928Kg/ha-1 while 120Kg N + 5 tones of cow dung gave the highest vegetative yield. The lowest grain of 1,796Kg-1 was obtained at 30Kg N + 0 tone of cow dung. The application of 90Kg N + 5 tones of cow dung is therefore recommended in Digil – Mubi and it surroundings for maximum yield and maintenance of soil fertility level in the area.

282-301

Authors: Dr. Sihem Bouguila

In this study we aimed to assess the perceptions of employees regarding the different autonomy initiatives undertaken by managers to satisfy their employees and let them be more motivated in order to reach the organizational goals effectively and efficiently. We employed an exploratory study through a survey questionnaire addressed to 50 employees working in top five companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Our main finding show that the level of the autonomy in the sample companies is perceived as to be at moderated level especially concerning the goals or the strategies of the work since the majority of our companies are operating in banking sector. Nonetheless it seems that the autonomy provides a sense of self-determination for these employees even when freedom leeway and choice are trivial or illusory. Furthermore, it is very interesting to reveal that autonomy is one of the essential elements in building true employee engagement.

328-334

Authors: Dr. Shankar Chatterjee

This study was carried out among the members of self-help groups (SHGs) at Aurangabad District of Maharashtra in the Month of March 2019. Altogether, two SHGs located in two different areas along with the few members of SHGs were contacted to get an idea about the functioning of selfhelp group (SHG) in the district as well as earning (income) of members after joining in the SHG. The SHGs were part of earlier Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY), a selfemployment scheme sponsored under Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. In view of this few lines about SGSY and its progress are presented here for the benefit of readers. So, the study is based on both primary and secondary data.

346-353

Authors: Ven. Dr. T. T. Bello

The main concern of this publication is to x-ray how Theological Education can serve as a tool for reformation of Church and society. The publication will show Theological Education as an agent of transformation of the Church and the society we belong. Here, this publication will go into the definitions of the Church and society, even reformation will also be definite. The researcher will not only look into what is theology he will also look at theology and Education together. The focus of this paper will be on the fundamental dimension on the role played by the Theological Education in the formation, reformation and transformation of the Church and society in the 21st Century. The paper will also look at the impact of Theological Education on our society and Churches of the universal Church. There shall be suggestions on the theological tools to be used when going about this paper. However, when theological Education is on course there are some human resources to be used, it shall be examined. The researcher will try to explain more on the resource persons and material. The important of Theology to the Christian society will be looked into by the researcher. How the task of Theological Education is to be handle will also be discoursed. From this publication the researcher will want to deal with Theological challenges when studying Theological Education. Theological Education as a tool for reformation of Church and Society: Church of Nigeria Anglican Communion is in focus.