INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-22

Authors: Dr. Meniano D. Ebora *1, Dr. Romeo M. Guillo Jr. 2

The study aimed to propose a comprehensive management plan for the Alternative Learning System (ALS) program in the Division of Batangas City. The study used descriptive method of research using a researcher-constructed questionnaire, interview, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). It involved 30 ALS implementers and 350 ALS graduates from CY 2009 to CY 2013 selected through stratified random sampling. Results showed that among the ALS program offerings, Literacy Volunteer Program and Balik-Paaralan Para sa Out-of-School Adults (BPOSA) were extremely evident. Lecture-demonstration as a teaching strategy was most often utilized by the ALS implementers. The classrooms for ALS instruction and the learning modules were very much adequate for ALS instruction. The paper and pencil test was very much applicable to the type of ALS learners. The data revealed that 221 of the 350 respondents were studying in the different colleges and universities and in TESDA while 129 ALS graduates were already working in the different firms or industries. From the results, the researcher based the output of the study which is a proposed comprehensive management plan that may help strengthen the ALS program in the division and benefit stakeholders such as ALS implementers, Local Government Units, DepEd/school officials, and ALS learners.

36-49

Authors: Traore Kassoum 1 , Fofana Memon 2

Background: In Côte d'Ivoire, since the advent of the crisis of the HIV and AIDS epidemic, the structural adjustment policy of the 1980s and the end of the policy of total free healthcare for the majority of the population, the strategies within families for health emerged. In order to heal, the therapeutic routes within families are made by symbolic practices based on traditionalism, modernism and the juxtaposition of traditionalism and modernism. Method: A qualitative study made it possible to collect data from semi-structured interviews with seven (07) families in which 22 key people were interviewed and ten (10) sellers of medicines (including 05 street drug sellers called "cheaper" and 05 traditional healers for medicinal plants). Also, a detailed documentary exploitation and a participant observation for a period of eight (8) months structured by an observation grid formalized in a notebook were conducted. These data were analyzed by taking into account endogenous and exogenous knowledge including the symbolic practices of structuring health within families and this community. Result: The study shows that therapeutic dynamics within families are dominated by curative care practices with a juxtaposition of mobilizable care (modern and traditional medicine, selfmedication). This domination of the curative on the preventive is intended to anesthetize the health or therapeutic awareness of the patient and his family. In addition, the study found that the pharmaceutical basket is largely structured therapeutic products housed in the tradition model and therapeutic products under the "common sense" (street drug). The consequence of all these health practices within families is the observation of the death of the individual by an easily curable disease.

61-71

Authors: Gopendra Chandra Kamal *1, Ashwini Kumar S Bharati 2 , Chaitra H Gururaj 3

Background: Ayurveda treatises are collection of vast knowledge regarding medical and environmental aspects. It has a separate branch called Agada Tantra which deals with the toxicological aspects. We aim to evaluate this knowledge regarding dermatological manifestation due to Visha (toxins) vis-à-vis contemporary knowledge. Method: The references available regarding the different types of poison and their dermatolgical manifestations in classical text were studied and compared with the available information in the contemporary medical literatures. Results: The term Visha and its types incorporates all kind of toxins. Initially, exposure to sthavara visha manifests into contact dermatitis and jangama visha manifests into contact urticaria. Dooshivisha and gara visha can be understood in terms with pesticide exposure, cosmetic toxicity, occupational exposures etc. Conclusion: The dematological manifestations play clear cut role in diagnosis and prognosis. The abundant reference in Ayurveda literatures regarding same is useful at exploring the causative factors through toxicological aspect.

80-94

Authors: Eunice Atieno Agingu *1

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of KCPE as a predictor of KCSE scores among public secondary school students in Kisii central Sub-county, Kenya. This study was guided by a conceptual framework where KCPE was the independent variable and KCSE the dependent variable. It adopted Correlational and Ex-post-facto research designs. The study population was 3,897 KCSE candidates from 55 public secondary schools. Stratified random sampling based on school type and size was used to select 16 public secondary schools for the study. Saturated sampling was employed to include all KCSE candidates whose KCPE marks were available in each sampled school, yielding a sample of 1,391 students. Data used included 2006 KCPE scores and 2010 KCSE scores of the same students under study. Data was collected using a researcher made pro forma. It was analyzed quantitatively using correlations and regression analyses. Results showed a strong positive Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r=0.693; n=1391; p < 0.05) between KCPE and KCSE scores. It recommended that; KCPE should continue to be used as selection tool for secondary school admission and school evaluation using KCSE examination scores should be based on students’ past KCPE scores.

105-110

Authors: Dr. I. Meenakshi *1

There are currently, a total of 24 life insurance companies in India. Of these, Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is the only public sector insurance company. All others are private insurance companies. The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is the largest life insurance company in India and also the country's largest investor. More and more new private insurance companies are coming up year after year. And, these new and private life insurance companies adopt aggressive marketing strategies to introduce their products and to tap the potential policyholders. It is witnessed that new policies like ULIPs are introduced by these new private life insurance companies. It is in this concept this study has been undertaken to assess and analyze the preference of policyholders towards insurance services offered by public and private life insurance companies in Tirunelveli district.

121-130

Authors: Andre Yitambe 1 , Peterson Njogu Warutere 2 , Kenneth Rucha Kibarraa 3

Despite the complexity of climate change and health research, studies conducted are still remaining non-interdisciplinary and non -multidisciplinary. A number of literatures has demonstrated the complexity for carrying research on climate change from social sciences, climate sciences to public health sciences. Social scientists look at the climate change as a social constructedness when climate scientists look at the climate change in term of terrestrial, oceanographic, and atmospheric change due to carbon dioxide emission, greenhouse emission, and ozone depletion. Health research studies have demonstrated the impact of climate change on health In Africa, Middle Income Countries as well as in Advanced Industrialized countries. Drawn on ethno-monographic studies, desk-based studies, secondary data and review of literatures relative to climate change and health, this paper examines the impact of climate change in Africa. The findings reveal three impacts of climate change: direct effects, indirect effects and postulated effects. The findings inform Disaster Risk Reduction Policy Makers on mitigation measure and adaption.

138-143

Authors: Abhishek Gawande *1

Indian Railways is the biggest public-sector enterprise in India and connects the entire country. The rail network is spread across the lengths & breadths of the country and one of the biggest worries is the enormous amount of solid waste generated each day by the passengers during the rail journey. It is unfortunate to note that such a huge public transport system does not have a proper waste management system in place. Due to inefficient handling of the waste, there has been a severe impact on the surrounding environment across the rail network. It is in this regards a study was undertaken to enlist the problems related with the disposal of waste during the rail journey and subsequently propose solutions for effective waste management system. The study enumerates the type of waste and the perception of passengers with regards to disposal of waste during rail journey. In order to perform this study, a detailed passenger survey was carried out with the help of structured questionnaire and personal interviews. The survey focused on all kinds of passengers whether travelling by Air conditioned, Sleeper or General class. The data gathered from the study revealed that there are several lacunas in the existing waste management system of Indian Railways. Therefore, a solution of comprehensive waste collection system is proposed primarily in all coaches to ensure proper segregation and disposal of waste, thereby minimizing impacts on surrounding ecosystem. The collected waste can be reused, recycled and thus result in revenue generation for Indian railways. This study could be of great importance to the wider spectrum of researchers, analysts and students for further studies as this area of research has not been studied adequately in the past.

157-165

Authors: Bijay Laxmi Malick1 , Mangal Charan Murmu2 , Anil Kumar Mohanty3

Introduction: Incidence of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is 2-4 per 1000 live birth in USA, 1.8 per 1000 live births in Sweden, 3.8 per 1000 term live births in Australia. In India the incidence of HIE is 10-15 per 1000 live birth. The survivors from severe HIE develop cerebral palsy and mental handicaps as high as 50%. Concurrent use of cranial ultra sound and clinical staging systems are evolving to predict the prognosis. Objective: To study the cranial ultrasonogrphic finding in HIE Infants and its clinical correlation and prediction of outcome. Method: it is a prospective clinical study of 120 baby suffering from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Result: Co-relation of initial cranial ultra sonography grading with mortality and sequel showed an increasing trend as the ultrasonography grading increases, with 51.4% mortality in grade –III, 18.5% in grade-II and 15.4% in grade –I. Seqele 48.6% was observed only in gradeIII sonographic abnormality. Conclusion: Sonographic grading is more accurate than the clinical staging in predicting recovery, mortality and sequel.

174-178

Authors: Krisztina Roman*1, Laszlo Roman2

In this paper the PVC shutter with glass fiber composite mechanical properties can be examined. Based on previous researches the shutter needs more additives to give higher stability to the UV irradiation and degradation. These effect (degradation) are the main problems for these shading industry areas. The relationship between the structure and the additives of the rigid PVC were investigated. With the mechanical tests, such as tensile-, bending-, impact- and hardness test the structural of the composite can be determined. The composites properties compared to a simple rigid PVC property. In the results of the mechanical tests, the ultimate strength and the belonging deformation were decreased compared to the simple PVC properties.

188-197

Authors: B. Shettima1 , A.I. Goro2 , M. Bukar1 , Y.B. Mohammed1

Stratigraphic and facies analysis of the Gulani Member of the Pindiga Formation in the Gongola Sub-basin of the Northern Benue Trough indicated that the lithostratigraphic architecture of the formation are characterized by three bioturbated lithologic units. These includes the lower succession of heterolithic units with fine grained sandstones and mudstone interbeds, passing into succession of medium-coarse grained sandstone with dominantly trough crossbeds and a upper succession of medium grained trough crossbedded sandstone and mudstone interbeds. Facies evaluation of these distinct succession indicated development of a corresponding pro-delta sands and clays, moving into delta front sands and then shelf sandstone and claystone respectively. Thus suggesting that the Gulani Member was generally formed in a coastal setting defined by river dominated deltaic setting and shelf depositional environment.

205-210

Authors: Ankita Singh *1

A product’s utility has evolved over time. In today’s world, the commodities possess the power to define us. Every product that we own today, through its branding, reflects our social status, values and vice versa. It is difficult to refute the negative influence of capitalism that we witness in form of obsession with possession. The aim of the paper is to study the extent to which the products of the modern society like the protagonists in the following two movies suffer; whether it is possible to imagine an end of consumerism and not the world or has it become an inherent part of the late capitalist world in which there is no completeness but the perennial emergence of substitutes (objects). This paper studies the aforementioned issues through the movies “Fight Club” and “Confessions of a Shopaholic”. The first section of the paper uses the case of soap industry as the foundation and analyses “Fight Club”. The second section examines the role of credit card companies in compulsive buying disorder through “Confessions of a Shopaholic”. Despite the similarity between the two movies on the grounds of the modern world “suffering”, the paper highlights the difference in their treatment of the main theme of consumerism and links it to the gender politics. The final section draws a comparison between the endings of the two movies and investigates the premise of disorder in “Fight Club” and its existential threat to capitalism.

221-231

Authors: José Manuel Elija Guamba

This article aims to analyze some of the processes that contributed to the emergence of theorizing about local development, namely, the Keynesian model crisis and aggravated social problems after the fall of the welfare State, globalization, and the role local action, decentralization and local government in the process of seeking of local development with the participation of civil society. Among the factors that contributed to the social crisis that led to the emergence of new theories of development, we have the collapse of the welfare State and the process that ended in neo-liberalism and globalization. It was in this context that new social actors with a new paradigm, that and the Local development process. Thus, arises the civil society, composed of entities that aim to develop through socio-economic dimension alternatives and environmental preservation. The process of globalization has not solved the social and economic problems of the contemporary world, in contrast, has contributed to further increase the differences between developed countries and those in development, leading many times, the growth of poverty and social exclusion. On the other hand, he is responsible for a process of local development institutions, bringing new perspectives to the adequacy of national public policies at regional/local peculiarities and the urban and rural spaces, in your physical, economic dimension, social and cultural. This process comes calling into question many traditional structures and public institutions as to your fitness and your performance in the management of economic and social policies, creating a dichotomy arising out of the policy challenges for the construction of a local network of care and social inclusion, with the participation of the communities.

248-273

Authors: Mamdouh, S. Morsi *1, Abdel Hai M. A. Farrag 2 , Esam E. A. El Sayed 3

A general increase of water demand in Egypt is prominently denoted. This situation is more noticeable in the Middle and Upper Egypt of arid Zone and limited water resources in which Assiut is one of the governorates of this Zone. The main objectives of this study are to assess the groundwater quality for irrigation, and to present solutions for managing and protecting these resources in Assiut area. To achieve that, one hundred and nine groundwater samples were collected from Quaternary aquifer during autumn of the year 2013. Chemical analysis was carried out and analyzed for major and trace elements according to the irrigation water guidelines of (FAO, 1985), and Rowe, et al. 1995, taking into account the spatial variations and the representation of the hydrochemical data. The results show that 47% none degree of restriction on use and 52% Slightly to moderate degree of restriction on use, According TDS hazarded. 55 % belongs to (C2- S1) good water for irrigation all crops in all soils and45 % belongs to (C3 -S1) good water for irrigation all crops in all soils under ordinary and specific condition like adequate drainage and leaching, According U.S. salinity laboratory staff classification depend on (EC,TDS and SAR) hazarded. while according to RSC (residual sodium carbonate100% Low RSC hazard (safe water for irrigation. 89% Excellent water for irrigation sensitive all crops and low likelihood of soil problems and11% good to permissible for irrigation semi - tolerant and tolerant crops and slightly to moderate likelihood of soil problems according Boron content, in compared to recommended limits in (FAO, 1995, 2010) guideline for irrigation water. Consequently, it is recommended to prevent the sewage and domestic waste water, and the industrial waste water from direct disposal without treatment to the ground wells, irrigation canals and River Nile; avoiding the construction of open septic tanks, especially near the pumping wells; controlling the use of fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture purposes; selected the suitable crops for every sector (area) according to the chemical character's of the available irrigation water and soil properties.

281-290

Authors: Dr.K. Lenin *1

This paper present’s Dimensioned Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) algorithm for solving Reactive power optimization (RPO) problem. Dimensioned extension is introduced to particles in the particle swarm optimization (PSO) model in order to overcome premature convergence in interactive optimization. In the performance of basic PSO often flattens out with a loss of diversity in the search space as resulting in local optimal solution. Proposed algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 57 test bus system and compared to other standard algorithms. Simulation results reveal about the best performance of the proposed algorithm in reducing the real power loss and voltage profiles are within the limits.

301-311

Authors: Dr. K. Lenin *1

In this paper Enhanced Spider (ES) algorithm is proposed to solve reactive power Problem. Enthused by the spiders, a new Enhanced Spider (ES) algorithm is utilized to solve reactive power problem. The composition is primarily based on the foraging approach of social spiders, which make use of of the vibrations spread over the spider web to choose the position of prey. The simulation results demonstrate high-quality performance of Enhanced Spider (ES) algorithm in solving reactive power problem. The projected Enhanced Spider (ES) algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 57,118 bus systems and compared to other reported standard algorithms. Results show that Enhanced Spider (ES) algorithm is more efficient than other algorithms in reducing the real power loss.

325-339

Authors: Mamdouh Salama Morsi

The main goal of this research is assessment the groundwater resources for irrigation purposes at the western portion of the River Nile –Minia district- Egypt. The research depend on representation and calculation the resulted of chemical analysis of 96 groundwater samples collected from 96 pumping well During autumns 2011 from quaternary aquifer. the resulted reviled that; 25% of groundwater samples within the range of none restriction on use and the rest are margin according TDS content, most of samples are good for irrigation in all soils as they located in classes (C2-S1) and (C3-S1) and suitable for irrigation all crops as belong to SAR values and RSC hazard. But it restricted by boron ion concentration.

345-350

Authors: Rose Mugeni Ndombi 1 , Dr Jenepher Munyua 2 , Dr Sanja Michael Mutong’wa 3

This research seeks to perform an Assessment between ICT Network Component and ICT Storage on Judiciary Performance in Eldoret Law Courts. The questions are: how does ICT Network component influence judiciary performance and does ICT storage influence judiciary performance in Eldoret law courts? The study adopted Correlational research design. The target group was Judges, Magistrates, ICT personnel and Advocates. A sample size of 272 was achieved from a target population of 899 employees in the Judiciary < 0.05 was considered significant. Data will be analyzed by SPSS V 20; regression was used to test the hypotheses. Correlation and multiple regressions were used to measure: Effects. The p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study findings indicated that there was a significant relationship between ICT Network component and judiciary performance (p=0.000); there was a significant relationship between ICT Data storage component and judiciary performance (p=0.000).The research conclusion indicate that use of ICT in the judiciary is vital in enhancing access to justice by creating an efficient court system and that access to justice involves making the court system accessible to all who require court services for instance judgments, it further established that ICT storage used by the MIS system in running transactions are effective, but require boosting. The study also concluded that all accessible points should be protected court information via internet. The study recommended that judiciary should adopt ICT initiatives after they have a specific plan in place to do so.