INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

G.K.A. Dias *1, G. W. Wakista 2

Authors: G.K.A. Dias *1, G. W. Wakista 2

Sri Lanka’s economy is in a critical juncture and it is now in a stage transition to middle income economy. Still there are so many infrastructure facilities that have to be developed not only in villages but also in cities. Due to the lack of infrastructure facilities there are so many physical civic issues still prevail in the society. Most importantly people don’t have a proper mechanism to report these physical civic issues to the relevant authorities to get those issues fixed as the mechanism which is prevailing is outdated. Therefore there should be a proper mechanism to report the civic issues in a city or a village and monitor the solution process after directing the issue to the relevant authority. It makes the lives of the citizens much comfortable and happier. This proposed system will be a novel solution for the outdated reporting methods. A survey was done to gather the requirements for the system. This proposed solution will encourage the citizens to perform their civic duty in a more responsible manner. When the system is implemented the members of the local government can’t wait as unseen. They have to take actions for the reported issues as the entire country is in touch about the issues.

12-21

Authors: M.P.N.Pramodani *1, W.J. Wickramarachchi 2

Darunaka is a disease concerned to hair root which can be correlate with Dandruff, which is the most common cause for hair loss. It is more of a social problem and affects aesthetic value as a person with Dandruff is quite likely to feel down on the social ring. Acharya Sushruta has mentioned Darunaka under Kshudraroga’s with symptoms like rukshata, kandu, twak sphutana etc. Dandruff can occur due to air pollution, water pollution, changed life style, irregular daily regimen, poor hygiene and immune system, sweating, mental stress etc which can lead to several bacterial and fungal infections. It is a common scalp disorder affecting almost half of the population at the pre-pubertal age and of any gender and ethnicity. No population in any geographical region would have passed through freely without being affected by dandruff at some stage in their life. Shiroabhyanga, Nasya, Shirodhara , Shirobasti,Shirolepa and Siravyadha is the line of treatment for Darunaka in the classics. In traditional medicine paste of leaves of Elaeocarpus serratus and Psidium guajava are using for thousand years as a home remedy for dandruff in Sri Lanka .In spite of the present medical solutions Dandruff relapses quite often. A permanent and holistic solution is the need of the hour. Hence, this work is intended to study the efficacy of Elaeocarpus serratus and Psidium guajava leaves paste for dandruff. Thirty patients were selected; advised to apply the paste covering whole scalp area for one hour and rinse it, for a period of one month every alternative day. Signs and symptoms were assessed by using grading system and observed the significant reduction of symptoms. Considering the total treatment assessment more than 40% patients gain complete remission and 30% got marked improvement. No adverse reaction reported in this study period. It is concluded that Elaeocarpus serratus and Psidium guajava leaves paste is very beneficial to manage Dandruff.

33-42

Authors: K.Lenin 1 , B.Ravindhranath Reddy 2 , M.Surya Kalavathi 3

This paper projects Improved Baboon Algorithm (IBA) for solving the Reactive Power dispatch problem. The key feature in this problem is reduction of real power loss and to keep voltage profiles within limits. This algorithm is inspired from the tree climbing procedures of Baboons, where the Baboons look for the highest tree by climbing up from their positions. The simulation results expose amended performance of the IBA in solving an optimal reactive power dispatch problem. In order to evaluate up the performance of the proposed algorithm, it has been tested on Standard IEEE 30 bus system and compared to other stated algorithms. Simulation results show that IBA is better than other algorithms in reducing the real power loss and voltage profiles also within the limits.

59-60

Authors: Subha Ganguly

Monosodium glutamate, also known as MSG and sodium glutamate is used as a flavor enhancer especially in Chinese restaurant foods and snacks. It was first prepared in 1908 by Japanese biochemist Kikunae Ikeda, who was trying to isolate and duplicate the savory taste of edible seaweed called kombu, which is used as a base for many Japanese soups.[1

73-89

Authors: Abdelkarim Hamrita 1 , Amira Boussetta 2 , Rafael Mata Olmo 3 , Mehdi Saqalli 4 , Hichem Rejeb 5

An important part of the landscape of irrigated areas in Tunisia is the result of morphology, organization and operation of agricultural policies implemented since independence, aimed at optimizing the exploitation of the best soils and natural resources, particularly water and productive crop intensification. The sustainability of the landscape of public irrigated areas has a strong bonding with the resources of irrigation water and their states of management. The scarcity of irrigation water due to drought generates profound changes in many public irrigated areas as Chott-Mariem and Mornag, like standpoint operating (decrease of production) and land occupation (transformation of agricultural land to urban land). An investigation was carried out with farmers, leaders and policy makers, which the result was a range of measures and recommendations to promote sustainability of agricultural landscape.

111-136

Authors: Mete Kaan Kaynar 1 , Gökhan AK *2

At the outset, Europe needed to develop its defense policy and structure in line with its foreign policy while the Union was evolving in institutional enlargement process during every other 10 years of time. The reason was not behind it, but in the façade of the Union building. Otherwise the Union would not be able to enable Europe to play its full part in world affairs while the ‘security’ was gaining a key-role in the international politics and relations. Since there was a security vacuum in Europe after WW’, the US urged European states to create a sort of defence structure embedded to already-formed NATO or integrated with NATO, but including German Army in both cases. Decades had passed and in the late 1990s the European Security Defence Identity and Policy was formed up as a parallel structure to NATO systems. Eventually in the start of 2000s, the EU system turned into a Common Security and Defence Policy for member states only. This research tries to explore and analyze the effects, paradigms, prospects and coexistence possibilities of this two polar-defence-system in the Europe, that’s to say between NATO and the CFSP.

144-162

Authors: Pratiksha Singh *1, Naman Singh 2 , Gaurav Kumar 3 , Virendra Kumar 4 , Swati Dwivedi 5 , Shubhangi Dixit 6 , Srinath Pandey 7 , Ved Kumar Mishra 8 , Prashant Ankur Jain 9

Green supply chain management is defined as the process of using environmentally friendly inputs and transforming these inputs into outputs that can be reclaimed and re-used at the end of their life cycle thus, creating a sustainable supply chain. GSCM is one of the recent innovations for the enhancement of capabilities of Supply Chain Management. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a theoretical review of Green supply chain management (GSCM). The assessment involved 144 research articles published in 48 selected journals between 1998 and 2013. The methodology of empirical research involved selection and classification of 144 research articles in GSCM. A systematic classification and a critical analysis is carried out so as to identify research gaps in content of GSCM, as well as to recommend directions for future research. It is concluded from the analysis of the results that research in GSCM is increasing at a faster rate than ever; with theory building more in focus than verification. Furthermore, a new taxonomy was proposed on the basis of content and research methodology utilised. Based on this taxonomy, significant trends were observed and some unique inferences were drawn, apart from identifying the directions for future research. There have been a couple of literature reviews in GSCM but none of them focused exclusively on research methodology in GSCM. Also the sample size with respect to the number of papers (144 papers), as well as number of journals (48 journals), is larger than ever considered for literature review in GSCM. The papers spans a longer time period of 16 years (1998-2013).

183-197

Authors: Prof Trilok Nath Shukla

Most recently a national mission on financial inclusion called “PRADHAN MANTRI JAN - DHAN YOJANA” was launched on the 28th of August 2014. Under the direct supervision of the Indian Prime Minister and the Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance, the objective of this mission is to enroll over 70 million households and open their bank accounts along with providing them as a first step a RuPay debit card with a Rs. 1,00,000/- accident cover. In the due course of time the plan is to also cover these account holders with insurance and pension products. About 60% of the population in India does not have access to a bank account. PMJDY aims at providing bank account to single household above the age of 10 years who do not have bank account and will be opened with zero balance. The household opening the account will be benefited with one lakh accidental cover and Thirty Thousand life cover without premium. People opening account under this scheme will also avail overdraft facility up to five thousand from the bank after satisfactory conduct of the account for 6 months. In this paper the trends of opening account in different sectors of banks like Pubic sector, private sector and regional rural banks has been studied.

206-213

Authors: Manjunatha M K. 1 , Dr.T.P.Renukamurthy 2

For banking employees around the globe, stress on the job can be a challenge; stress can be sometimes positive and sometimes negative. Positive stress leads to productivity and negative stress leads to loss for the organization. There is already a certain level of stress in Banking employees work life and then encounter even more stress arising from the work pressure that Banking employees face on the job. Many employees cannot cope with such rapid changes taking place in the jobs. Role conflict, Service for customer, contribution, rapid technological change, lack of customer response is the great transaction of stress for the banking workers. The aim of this research is to understand roots and outcomes of job stress on the employee performance in banking sector.

230-238

Authors: Sayantan Gupta

The technology of Quantum Green Computing has been discussed in this paper. It also discusses the need of the many implementation techniques and approaches in relation with Fog-Cloud Computing. Moreover, we would like to introduce the latest algorithms like Stack Algorithm, Address Algorithm and many others which will help in the analysis of Green-Quantum Computing Technology in the modern society and would create a technological revolution. With the Internet of Things rising in the modern world time, new security issues have also been developed. So, our proposed Model the Fog-Things Model will help us to determine the security issues and indeed secure the entire IoT network.

258-262

Authors: Rishi Panday 1 , Prashant Srivastava 2

Mental health is an issue which touches the lives of many people worldwide. This often affects not only the person themselves but also their family and friends. The way in which society deals with mental health issues raises many human rights points for example in relation to service provision, treatment, assessment and civil detention, protection and empowerment. The simplest way of defining human rights is that they are about balancing the inalienable rights of all of us as human beings within the community regardless of differences in birth, social origin, gender, physical differences, faith and belief, ideology, nationality and so on. There can be no disagreement with the universally acclaimed truth that human dignity is the quintessence of human rights. This article shows lights on concept of human rights and to know how it is a pathway in mental health settings.

282-290

Authors: Pramodani MPN *1 , Wickramarachchi WJ 2

Walking in irregular or uneven ground, Structural deformity of foot, Excessive strain on heels etc lead to vitiation of Vata dosha. Aggravated Vata is lodged in ankle joint, especially in dependent parts like heel and hence the pain is caused due to reduced strength of muscles and joints. ‘Kantaka’ refers to thorn. The pricking pain felt due to vitiated Vata is termed as Vata kantaka. This condition is usually seen in the case with calcaneus spur. Symptoms are Pain in heel and surrounding region. Pain is more evident soon after waking up in the morning and if the patient stands up, After a long rest and Increase in heel pain on standing for long time, running and walking. According to previous researches Planter heel pain is the most prevalent complaint to presenting foot and ankle specialists and may be seen in upwards of 11 % to 15% of adults. So it is the need of hour to focus effective practices which yields good results. In the present study thirty patients were selected and treated with Pinda Thaila Abyanga, Rasnadi sweda followed by application of Hinguadi lepa mentioned in Traditional medicine in Sri Lanka, daily for one month. The assessment was carried out on the basis of relief found in the cardinal signs and symptoms of the disease adopting scoring, depending upon their severity. Significant reduction in pain was seen at the end of the study with P value of < 0.05. Also there was reduction in other symptoms such as cracks, pruritus, burning sensation and laxity of skin over the foot .There were no adverse effects reported during the study. Therefore it can be concluded that the selected treatment modality is beneficial in managing Vata kantaka.

295-303

Authors: Soroush Niknamian *1 , Mehrandokht Nekavand 2

Fats, as part of the human dietary regime are a concentrated source of energy. Animals contain saturated and plants contain unsaturated type of fatty acids. In this prospective research, the role of animal saturated fatty acids is highlighted and is proven to be a rational dietary source for the human diet. Saturated fats consumption is a wise choice in order to reduce the coronary heart disease risk, although it is believed in an opposite way. Researching through the healthiest tribes and knowing the biological function of saturated fats, and considering that eukaryotic cells need saturated fats to function properly, made this research important to conclude the rational dietary choice of edible fats and oils.

316-331

Authors: Dr. Pankaj Kumar

The purpose of the study is to examine how often customers interact with different types of retail formats. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. To segment the customer groups for each of the four retail formats (shopping mall, supermarket, department store, and category killer) based on demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, occupation, and income), a two-way ANOVA was used on the shopping frequency of the respondents. The Chi-square (χ2) test was also used to test the significant differences in shopping motives, companion during their visit, whether a planned or unplanned shopping trip, the staying time in a retail format of the respondents based on their gender and age. The study found that gender and age, gender and occupation, and gender and education are more or less equally important factors, whereas gender and marital status, and gender and income were not found important factors in affecting store visits. The study also found the behavioral aspect of retail customers in many ways. First, their visits to the stores were primarily driven by purchase needs, either window shopping or making actual purchases followed by eating. Second, more people prefer to visit these stores along with their friends or family; this result contributes to that being accompanied by others (Companion), shoppers more likely to buy food and less likely to buy non-food products.

355-361

Authors: Dr. Anjali Pandey

Puppetry is the indigenous theatre of India. From times immemorial it has been the most popular and well appreciated form of entertainment available to the village people.

368-375

Authors: Panida Khruawan *1, Nutprapha K. Dennis

The purposes of this study were to investigate students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by Content-Based Instruction (CBI) Approach and to study the attitude of students through the approach. The samples of this study were fifty of grade ten students who enrolled English course at Khowangwittayakhom School, Yasothorn. The samples were selected by a simple random sampling. The instrument used in this study consisted of ten content-based instruction lesson plans, reading pre-test and post-test, and questionnaire. The data were analyzed statistically in the form of t-test, arithmetic mean and standard deviation. The research findings as the effectiveness of English reading after using Content-Based Instruction Approach in teaching was significantly higher than before teaching at critical level 0.05 and the students’ attitude toward using Content-Based Instruction Approach was at a good level.

386-394

Authors: Dr. Alka Mittal

Bitcoin is a virtual currency that is created from computer code. It has no central bank and is not backed by any government. But it can be exchanged for goods and services or for any other currencies. They were launched in 2009 as a bit of software written under the name Satoshi Nakamoto. The present paper analyse the Indian Tax and legal considerations regarding Bit coins. It also analyse the problems and risks related with Bitcoins.

399-411

Authors: Jose Manuel Elija Guamba

The article discusses factors that influence the preparation and responses in the general cycle of emergencies and disasters (environmental contexts, social, political, economic, cultural and institutional) integrating psychological, social and physical knowledge about sustainability, vulnerability and risks. The conflict between development, poverty, the environment and peace has become one of the biggest evidence of the human current difficulties. Mankind has not only of the achievements and benefits of development; but also, the undesirable effects produced by this, as social inequalities, poverty, environmental degradation and weakening of the sense of community, otherness and security. For Vieira (2005, p. 333) "harmonization of relationships that humans have with nature and the obstinate struggle by the pacification of relations between human beings constitute the two sides of the same coin." The idea of sustainable development has a chance to overcome the end envisioned. But there are those who preach the need for a paradigm shift in the concept. In today's society it is the eminence of unsustainability is global economic, social or environmental. A "cultural mutation" is necessary for sustainable development if organize around the following key relationships: with nature, with time, between citizens, and with the authority of the State. Pol (2002, p. 296) warns that, you can understand why sustainability, has "... a strong load of change of individual and social behavior and therefore requires knowledge of social and psychosocial processes involved." Thus, sustainable development requires action that can be called generically of participatory management and environmental education (awareness and availability of resources that lead to the development of habits and skills), to achieve shared social values from the formulation of plans and programmes aimed at changing behaviors and eradication of poverty.

420-429

Authors: Sunant Rueangsanam *1, Nutprapha K. Dennis 2

This study analyzed parts of speech found in forty Aesop’s fables with specific attention to the categories and frequencies of nouns and verbs used. This study aimed to analyze the most used of nouns and verbs in the stories. The material used in the forty selected Aesop’s fable from the website entitled http://www.bbc.co.uk. An analysis of the types of words was done using the program entitled https://open.xerox.com as an instrument for collecting data. The statistics used in data collection was percentage. The results of the study showed that there were two types of nouns and two types of verb in the selected Aesop fables. “Common Nouns” was the most commonly used with a frequency of 95.47%, and “action verbs” were the most commonly used with a frequency of 83.62%. Furthermore, “gerund” was also found in these Aesop fables. Comprehending types of words will help strengthen reading efficiency, reduce confusion of words usage as well as for readers to fully enjoy reading.