Revista MVZ Cordoba

e2350

Authors: Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales; Salim Máttar; Marco González T

Over the last year, the pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have caused considerable havoc on society (1). Indeed, this has been a chronicle of an announced zoonosis (2,3). Its impact has been even deeper in developing countries (4,5), such as Colombia (6,7,8). So far, up to March 9, 2021, the world has recorded 117.5 million cases of COVID-19, with 2.6 million deaths (2.22%). Colombia is included in the Top 20 countries with the highest number of cases (2.282.372) and the Top 20 deaths globally (60.676)

e1984

Authors: Madeleidy Martínez-Pérez; Yesenia Vives-Hernández; Bárbara Rodríguez S; Osney Pérez-Acosta

Objective. To study meat and carcass quality in broilers fed Roystonea regia (royal palm nut) fruits meals. Materials and methods. A total of 40 broilers distributed according to a completely randomized design were used in four treatments: control (corn-soybean paste) and the inclusion of 5, 10 and 15 % royal palm nut meal. The carcass yield, abdominal fat and meat quality (technological and fatty acid composition (FA)) were studied. For the appearance parameters, a non-parametric analysis of simple classification was performed. Results. There were no differences between treatments for carcass weight and pH at 45 minutes and 24 hours postmortem. There was a reduction in abdominal fat by 5 and 15 % compared to the control (13.00 and 11.96 vs. 17.02 g / kg), while 10 % did not differ from the rest (15.10 g/kg) (p<0.01). There were no differences in color, except for the luminosity in the drumstick that was superior with the inclusion of 10 and 15 % (48.62 and 49.22) with respect to 5 % (45.32) and the control did not differ between treatments (47.53) (p<0.05). The composition of FA in the different edible portions showed that the broilers deposited oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids in higher proportions. Conclusions. The inclusion of royal palm nut meal in broiler diets does not change the carcass yield, reduces abdominal fat and positively affects meat quality indicators

e2128

Authors: Jessica Herrera-Ojeda; Gaspar M Parra-Bracamonte; Nicolás López-Villalobos; José Herrera-Camacho; Karlos E Orozco-Durán

Objective: Estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters of live weight traits and examine the effect of selection culling when using bivariate analysis in registered Charolais beef cattle. Materials and methods: The effect of incomplete data over accuracies was compared, expected progeny differences (EPD) and standard errors of prediction (SEP) were obtained and evaluated by comparing univariate and bivariate models for birth (BW), weaning (WW) and yearling (YW) weights. Results: Bivariate models for WW and YW, improved accuracies of EPDs and reduced the SEPs. Joint analysis for BW and WW increased in a 38% the accuracies and reduced SEP estimators for YW (p<0.001). Accuracies of EPD for BW obtained from univariate models were improved when BW was included in bivariate models. Conclusions: The results support the use of bivariate genetic analysis in limited or incomplete live weight indicators databases that were registered after birth, such as weaning and yearling weight

e2027

Authors: Román Maza O; Deilen Sotelo M; Mauricio Miguel E; Libardo Maza A; Mário Fonseca P

Objective. Evaluate the effects of supplementation with different protein sources (soybean meal and wheat bran with urea) on the productive performance, intake, digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, and metabolic profile of grazing beef heifers. Materials and methods. Were used twenty Nellore heifers at 8.5±0.06 months of age, with an initial average body weight of 241.5±4.71 kg. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized deseing with two treatments and ten replicates. Two protein sources in the supplements were evaluated: 1) Soybean meal (SBM), and 2) Soybean meal + Wheat bran + Urea (SBM+WB+U). Results. Crude protein (CP) and organic matter intakes were higher (p<0.05) for heifers from SBM compared with SBM+WB+U. The CP digestibility was increased (p<0.05) with SBM supplementation. Mean blood concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, serum urea nitrogen, and total proteins were not affected (p>0.10) by protein sources. In the same way, daily weight gain and final body weight were not influenced (p>0.10) by protein sources. Conclusions. The supplementation with soybean meal or wheat bran with urea in association with soybean meal in multiple supplements for grazing cattle provides similar productive and nutritional performance and metabolic profile in beef heifers.

e2079

Authors: Rosa Parra-Cortés; Miguel Magaña-Magaña

Objective. Identify and characterize bovine production systems based on Romosinuano and Hartón del Valle creole breeds in lowland Colombian tropical conditions. Materials and methods. A random sampling survey was conducted among producers in the departments of Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyacá, Córdoba, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Meta, Santander, Sucre and Valle del Cauca. The main socioeconomic characteristics of the producers were determined, and the production systems were classified according to their purpose; likewise, their respective technological levels and technical-economic performance indicators were established. Results. The average age of the producers was 58 years old, with a higher level of education and 20 years of experience in livestock farming. The main animal performance parameters estimated for the Romosinuano breed were birth weight 28.0±1.3 kg, weaning weight 185.04±45.5 kg, fertility rate 80±16.0% and calving interval of 408 ± 43.0 days. Likewise, for the Hartón del Valle breed, the mentioned parameters were 28.1±0.32 kg, 199.5±8.3 kg, 82±9.0% and 354±13.0 days, respectively. The technological level of the systems was categorized as medium-high and their economic performance showed an annual profitability index of over 12%. Conclusions. The production systems based on creole breeds in the lowland Colombian tropics were characterized, mainly by a relevant technological level and differentiated parameters between breeds. The profitability was linked to both technical management and the producer’s socioeconomic conditions

e2130

Authors: José F. Martínez; Carlos S. Galina; Ivette Rubio; Wendy L Balam; Manuel D Corro

Objective. To compare the reproductive performance of postpartum and open Bos indicus cows and to study the cost effectiveness ofretaining non-pregnant animals after a short breeding season in tropical region of Mexico. Material and Methods. A total of 128 Bos indicus were included, 87 postpartum cows (PP) with ≤90 days after calving and 41 open cows (OC) with >90 days open. The study was divided into three phases: 1) Estrus synchronization followed by FTAI (day 0-10), 2) Estrus detection and AI (day 11-45) and 3) Natural mating (day 46-90). For the first phase, all animals were synchronized and AI at fixed time (day 10). Cows displaying overt signs of estrus (day 11-45) were AI. Open cows during the previous two phases were exposed to the bull. Results. Pregnancy in phase 1 was different (p<0.01) for PP and OC groups, 58.6% and 34.1%, respectively. Overall pregnancy percentage over the second service was 42.5% (p>0.05). No differences (p>0.05) were observed at phase 3, average 44.2%. By the end of the breeding season, the cost of OC, was 3 times more than PP cows. Conclusions. Pregnancy rate at first phase was higher in PP cows than OC cows. At the end of breeding season, a pregnancy rate of 80% was found. Incorporation of open cows from previous breeding season was more expensive than PP cows in all phases of the breeding program. Retaining an open cow for rebreeding one year or more could not beeconomically feasible.

e1867

Authors: Mastoby Martínez M; Efrén Avendaño P; Diana Pérez B

Objective.To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of PVC on umbilical herniorrhaphy in pigs.Materials and methods. We used 16 clinically healthy pigs of both sexes, aged between 2 and 3 months, Landrace and Landrace x Pietran breeds with an average weight of 20 kg. Inclusion criteria were based on the clinical diagnosis of umbilical hernia. Herniorrhaphy was carried using PVC as a prosthetic material. The implantation of the material was made between parietal peritoneum and abdominal muscles by creating a pocket in 360°, with a depth of five centimeters. For the fixation of the bag, 35 pounds of pressure polyamide was used with “U” points in the fascio-muscular package (four stitches overall), the knots were two centimeters next to the ring, avoiding inverted edges with sustained traction. The size of the PVC bag depended on the size of the ring, but it was constantly rounded and four centimeters larger than the edge of the ring. The parameters evaluated for 15 days were temperature, edema, wound color and dehiscence, and relapse, fistula and appetite for 2 months. Results. An average local temperature of 37.5°C was obtained. Tumor halos of one centimeter at 24 hours post-surgery with involution towards the end of the evaluation. 100% of the animals healed by first intention. 87.5% did not present recurrence of the hernia. 100% did not present signs compatible with fistula or granuloma. Appetite was normal. Conclusions. During the evaluation period, PVC proved to be effective in the correction of umbilical hernias in pigs

e2154

Authors: Fernando Castro-Castro; Angie Garcia-Agudelo, Luis Muñoz, Jesús Cortés-Vecino, Indrid González-Jiménez, Laura Robayo-Sánchez, Luis Rivera-Calderó

Objetive. Identify ectoparasites in the primary feathers of adult ostriches in a hatchery of Department from Cauca, Colombia. Materials and methods. A total of fifteen adult animals (over 7 years old) with an average weight of 120 kg (10 were females and 5 males) were selected for the study. From each specimen, three primary feathers were extracted in the wing, being deposited in plastic bags and sent to the Basis science laboratory at Universidad Antonio Nariño. A counter sample of mites fixed in alcohol at 70% was sent to laboratory of the Universidad Nacional, then, the parasites were mounted o slides and under the microscope. This study was descriptive and convenient. Results. The feathers had disorganized barbs and a brown powder on the rachis. Microscopically was identified approximately1000 specimens of a feather mite per sample of order Astigmata, family Pterolichidae and genus Struthiopterolichus sp., being able to differentiate male, female, nymphs and larvae. This is the first report of the mite Struthiopterolichus sp. in ostriches from Colombia Conclusions. In the ostriches inspected were collected feathers that contained the mite Struthiopterolichus sp. The evidence of this mite can generate alerts of control and health surveillance inside of the hatchery.

e1965

Authors: Sebastian Giraldo-Ramirez; Santiago Rendon-Marin; Julian Ruiz-Saenz

Animals have become an essential member for our society, with roles related to company, human well-being and therapy for some diseases, and as a source of food in many populations around the world. Animals intended for human consumption like pigs and cattle, as well as companion animals, specifically cats and dogs, are constantly threatened by multiple viral agents. This puts at risk pet owners and threatens food security in the region. Considering that control or eradication is a complex problem that involves several aspects, there is a limited success in this regard for viral diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, rabies and classical or African swine fever, this review aims to show the most important characteristics, in the epidemiological context, from farm animals virus, re-emerging viruses affecting companion animals, and emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viruses. Since viral pathogens affect animal populations and human well-being, there is a need to increase efforts to control, monitor and eradicate them from livestock and companion animals. The following sections contribute to improve the understanding of these viral agents and orchestrate actions of control entities in the Americas.

e2041

Authors: Alida Carolina Valencia G; Karen Delgado V; Julián Ruíz-Sáenz

Since its discovery by Holzworth in 1962, the study of the Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) has have a great interest because it can affect wildlife and domestic felines. Currently 2 serotypes are known, type I is unique for felines and type II arose from a double homologous recombination with a canine coronavirus (CCoV); these also can be classified in 2 biotypes, viruses that generate mild enteric diseases (FECVs) and those that cause the feline infectious peritonitis (FIPVs). In the American continent exist different diagnostic methods that together allow the detection of the feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), but the identification of the FCoV only can be done by molecular methods. The countries that have studied this virus the most are those that have the greatest number of tools to carry out diagnostic test, such as United States, Canada and Brazil. In the present work are shown cases reports and the diagnostics methods used to identify the feline coronavirus and/or its biotypes in some countries of the American continent.