Revista MVZ Cordoba

Feed conversion; feed intake; weight gain

Authors: Emiro Suárez P; Libardo Maza A; Wilson Barragán H; Rene Patiño P;Moris Bustamante Y; Oscar Vergara G

Objective. Effect of supplementation with cotton seed and ground corn on the intake and productive performance of Colombian hair sheep. Materials and methods. 24 sheep with an average weight of 16±2 kg were distributed in four treatments T0: grazing, T1: grazing + 25% cotton seed (CS) + 75% ground corn (GC), T2: grazing + 50% CS + 50% GC and T3: grazing + 75% CS + 25% GC. The indigestible acid detergent fiber (FDAi) was used as internal marker and chromium oxide (Cr2O3) as an external marker. Samples of feces, forages and supplements were incubated in situ (rumen) for 144 hours. To calculate fecal production, 1 g of chrome oxide (Cr2O3) was given to each ovine in a gelatin capsule for 15 days. A complete randomized design with four treatments and six replicates was used. The animals were weighed every 14 days to determine the daily weight gains. Food conversion and feed efficiency were determined. An analysis of variance was performed in a completely randomized design. Results. There were differences (p≤0.05) for digestibility and dry matter intake (DMi) and, presenting values of 47.6, 56.2, 58.6, and 59.0% and DMi were 0.514, 0.788, 1.02, and 1.40 kg/animal/d-1 for T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively. For weight gain and body condition significant differences were found (p≤0.05) presenting averages of 0.053, 0.126, 0.128 and 0.130 kg d-1 and a body condition of 2, 3, 3, 3 for T0, T1 , T2 and T3, respectively. Conclusions. Supplementation with cotton seed and ground corn stimulated DMS and improved the productive performance of the animals.

6942-6950

Authors: Cecilia Baumberger; Andrés Lazo; Pedro Jimenez-Bluhm; Francisca Di Pillo; Nicolás Bravo-Vasquez; Christopher Hamilton-West

Objective. To identify the presence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in birds from backyard production systems (BPS) in parts of the central zone of Chile. Materials and methods. Between 2013 and 2015, a total of 1.579 orotracheal swabs were collected form chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese belonging to 328 BPS from the central zone of Chile. In each BPS, swabs collected from birds of the same specie were grouped in the same tube with transport medium forming a pool composed of no more than 5 samples. Pools were analyzed by real time RT-PCR. Results. Out of a total of 364 pools, 6 were positive for NDV. All positive pools corresponded to chickens from the regions of Valparaíso (n=1) and Libertador General Bernardo O’Higgins (n=5). Pools corresponding to turkeys, ducks or geese were diagnosed as negative. Conclusions. The positive results demonstrate the presence of NDV in BPS in Chile. This could be due to the circulation of lentogenic strains of the virus transmitted by wild birds or to the contact with vaccinal strains administered in industrial production systems whose vaccinated birds may end up in BPS.

6964-6973

Authors: Lenilson da F. Roza; Aleksandro S. Da Silva; Marcos J. Migliorini; Nathieli B. Bottari; Patricia Glombowsky; Mauricio Baretta;Fernando de C. Tavernari; Lenita M. Stefani; Marcel M. Boiago

Objective. Diphenyl diselenide (Ph2Se2) is an organic selenium compound that is known for its antioxidant characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether Ph2Se2 in quail (Coturnix japonica) diets influences the oxidative/antioxidant status and meat quality. Materials and methods. Four diets (0; 0.3; 0.6; 0.9 ppm Ph2Se2) were provided to 56 male quails (Coturnix japonica) distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 repetitions in order to check whether (PhSe)2 would change their blood and tissue oxidative/antioxidant status, which would lead to an improvement in the meat quality. Results. Adding Ph2Se2 in diets led to increased antioxidant activity of enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase,and glutathione peroxidase, which consequently reduced oxidative levels in blood and tissues. Besides that, we observed an improvement in the quail meat quality; in other words, we observed an increased ability to hold water, a reduction in water loss from cooking, and reduced intensity of the yellow color in the breasts of birds that were fed with Ph2Se2. Conclusions. Therefore, we concluded that the antioxidant defense improvement in tissues that was provided by Ph2Se2 has a beneficial effect on meat quality.

6981-6990

Authors: Irma Yupari-Azabache; Santiago M. Benites; Nélida Milly Otiniano; Pablo Aguilar Ch; Cecilia V. Romero; Shane Sergent

Objective. This correlational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge and its relationship with attitudes and Zika’s preventive practices in the district of Chepen, La Libertad, Peru, 2017. Materials and methods. A questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices was applied to a sample of 284 adult persons, with an average age of 37 years. Results. The results showed that the level of general knowledge about zika was regular at 79% and good at 21%. As for the most common zika’s preventive practices carried out by the inhabitants of Chepén, 83% mentioned that they frequently washed their water tanks, 77% used a brush and detergent to wash the tanks with water and 75% placed a lid over the tanks with water. Conclusions. There is a significant relationship between level of knowledge and sika’s preventive practices (p<0.05).In addition, regular knowledge is a risk factor (OR: 5, CI: 2.073-10.063) for inadequate zika’s preventive practice; people with regular knowledge are 5 times more likely to have inadequate preventive practices. However, the level of knowledge does not have a significant relationship with attitudes towards the prevention of zika (p>0.05).

6998-7012

Authors: Esnedy Hernández A; Robinson Sepúlveda S; Heazel Grajales V; Néstor Aguirre R; Fabio Vélez M;Orlando Caicedo Q; Jenny Mesa V; Fernando Cortés D;Yimmy Montoya M

Objetive. This work evaluated the environmental condition of a section of the San Juan River by means of the ecological quality index (ICE), using as an indicator group the periphytic algae. Materials and methods. The method determined correlations between physicochemical and biological variables through a canonical correspondence analysis, the scores obtained were used in a standardized correlation for a weighted averages model that allowed estimating the optimum and the tolerance of each taxon. Results. The classification of the sites located in the section of the River using the ICE explained that the concentrations of dissolved solids, alkalinity and orthophosphates defined the categories of ecological status, it was identified that at higher concentrations of dissolved solids and orthophosphates and at lower concentrations of the alkalinity values of the ICE were lower, that is to say, the ecological quality of the periphytic algae decreases, this situation took place in two seasons characterized by turbid waters and anthropic intervention. In contrast, another group tended to register the contrary tendencies, a greater concentration of alkalinity and high values in the index. Conclusions. The index provided an objective response to evaluate in numerical form a gradient associated with the concentration of solids, nutrients and alkalinity, variables that affect the distribution of optimal values and tolerance of the periphytic algae to the physicochemical conditions evaluated by the ICE in a stretch of the San Juan River, the results suggest a progressive deterioration of the system from the headwaters to the mouth of the Cauca River.

7025-7034

Authors: Diego Riveros-Pinilla; Laura Marin-Cossio; Jorge Parra-Arango; Miguel Peña-Joya; Liliana Chacón-Jaramillo; Agustín Góngora O

Objective. To compare two fixed-time artificial insemination protocols (FTAI) according to the pregnancy percentage in Brahman cattle. Materials and methods. 60 cows between days 90 and 360 postpartum were selected and randomly divided into two groups. For Treatment 1 (T1; n=30), an intravaginal device (IVD) containing 0.5 g of progesterone and 2.0 mg of estradiol benzoate were inserted on Day 0. At the time of IVD withdrawal (Day 8), 150 mg of PGF2α, im and 300 UI of eCG, im and 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate, im were administered. FTAI was performed on Day 10, 48 – 50 h after IVD withdrawal. For Treatment 2 (T2; n= 30) an IVD was inserted on Day 0 and 0.01 mg GnRH, im were administered. At the time of the IVD withdrawal (Day 5), two doses of 0.150 mg of PGF2α were administered at midnight and noon. FTAI was performed on Day 8, 72h after IVD withdrawal, and 0.01 mg of GnRH, im was administered. FTAI was performed using semen of proven fertility. Results. Pregnancy diagnosis by rectal palpation occurred 45 days after the FTAI. T2 and T1 presented pregnancy percentages of 46.7% (14/30) and 33.3% (10/30), respectively. Conclusions. Treatment 2 is preferred in terms of results and public health.

7062-7075

Authors: José Marrugo-Negrete; José Pinedo-Hernández; Roberth Paternina–Uribe; Liliana Quiroz-Aguas; Sergio Pacheco-Florez

Objective. To evaluate the distribution of total mercury (THg) in surface sediments, fish, hair, rice plants, and macrophytes, as well as the geoaccumulation index by THg in sediments and the risk potential for fish consumption in different municipalities affected by gold mining activities that have developed around in the Mojana region, Colombia. Materials and methods. The THg concentration was determined by thermal decomposition, using a direct DMA-80 mercury analyzer. Results. On average, the concentrations of THg in fish was 0.223±0.027 μg/g. Of the total fish samples, 11.6% exceeded the permissible limit established by the World Health Organization (0.5 μg/g), being 4.2% for non-carnivorous species and 7.4% for carnivorous species. Of the fish species, 76.9% showed risk index (HI) values greater than 1. The Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) in sediments shows a contamination degree from non-polluted to moderate pollution for the different sampling stations. Hair THg concentrations ranged between 0.17- 8.8 μg/g. Of the population, 47% exceeds the permissible limit established as a reference by the USEPA (1 μg/g). THg concentrations in macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes) and rice crop plants were higher in sampling stations that receive water currents that carry contaminating loads from mining areas, a similar trend presented for sediments and fish. Conclusions. Mining activities have generated a process of gradual contamination by Hg in the food chain and currently levels in fish, rice and hair represent a serious concern for human health.