Revista Universidad de Guayaquil

13-24

Authors: Lizeth Anabel Del Rosario Ángel, Irene María Feijoo Jaramillo, Carlos Bolívar Sarmiento Chugcho , Dolores Isabel Ramón Ramón

The main objective of this research is to analyse the influence between internal marketing on job satisfaction and employee commitment. The results revealed a (x2=172.55, G=-0.98, T=8.20, p<.001), significant relationship which supports H1. Regarding H2, the results present a significant relationship (x2=198.06, G=0.99, T=8.31, p<.001) being enough to support H2. The analyses showed that the Gamma values are very close to 1, so it is concluded that employees highly value the dedication and importance that their company gives to set up a work environment that contributes to their satisfaction labor.

37-49

Authors: Cristian Patricio Alvarez Salazar, Ximena Solange Coyago Loayza, Carlos Bolivar Sarmiento Chugcho

This study was carried out to analyze preferences through user experience in the behavior of Centennials regarding the use of mobile food delivery applications. To collect the data, 3,080 choices were derived using a full factorial design, from a combination of three attributes and three levels each. Of the complete 243 profiles, 13 profiles were selected using an orthogonal design. To present the preferences of the respondents, the technique of shuffling cards was used. The calculation of the respondents' scores was carried out using the Choice Based Conjoint (CBC) method, the statistical treatment was carried out using the R statistical software. The users consulted did not value positively: the intuitive environments, opening hours, monitoring until delivery, while they are receptive to the remaining attributes by levels, we could define a mostly accepted profile, as a user who wants a practical and intuitive application, that has a menu with photos, an application where an estimated delivery time is indicated of the order, as well as an application that introduces you to all restaurants that have promotions and an application that accepts all forms of payment.

62-72

Authors: Sedolfo José Carrasquero Ferrer, Allen Mendoza Guillén, Jean Franklin Pino Rodríguez, Héctor Jativa, Altamira Rosa Díaz Montiel

Swimming pools, as public and private facilities, must be constantly regulated by public authorities to protect water quality and public health. The objective of this research. was to analyze the operation and maintenance of swimming pools located in the city of Maracaibo, Venezuela, in three areas: treatment and recirculation system, security, and maintenance and cleaning system, in accordance with the provisions of current Venezuelan regulations. To collect data in the diagnosis, direct observation techniques were used and as an instrument an observation guide with an estimation scale, analyzing nine aspects such as: location, appearance of the water, structure of the vessel, materials and dimensions, water drainage , basic maintenance, treatment system, provisions for facilities and operators, rescue equipment and children's pool, grouped into three areas, effectiveness of treatment and recirculation, safety and effectiveness in maintenance and cleaning. It was found that 80% of the study units presented generally good conditions in their facilities, rated according to the instrument with 80.5 points on average; However, certain pools presented deficiencies in some aspects, especially those related to the appearance of the water, location, drainage system and in most pools, the treatment system. It is concluded that 90% of the study units were moderately safe, largely complying with the requirements of Venezuelan regulations in terms of material aspects, dimensions and rescue equipment.

90-111

Authors: Gissela Alexandra Cevallos Sánchez, Zoila Felícita Alvarado Moncada

This research focused its study on the critical, doctrinal, legal and comparative analysis of the main affectations and conditions caused by Sars-Cov-2, given the weaknesses faced by the states in relation to the constitutional guarantees to the Human Right to Health. The qualitative methodology through the documentary review and the application of the analytical-synthetic, historical-comparative methods, allowed a study of each part of the process, in order to obtain a general result of them, from the understanding of the historical and comparative facts of the subject that explicitly establish a general approach on the responsibility of the State in the face of the Right to Public Health. The public health system in Ecuador should be considered a priority and its financing should come mostly from the budget allocated by the State to the public health portfolio, so that objective health care programs can be implemented, that focus on the attention of emergencies such as Covid-19, and that do not take by surprise the fragility of the public health system. This budget should be allocated especially to the hiring of specialized personnel, medical equipment for the operation of hospitals and medicines, which guarantee priority attention in terms of the health system to citizens.

14-22

Authors: Taycia Ramírez Pérez, Dinora Rebolledo Malpica, María Araceli García Martínez, Rina Vanessa Quijije Díaz

Health encompasses subjective aspects, such as physical, mental and social well-being, determined by the human being's capacity to function and adapt, which enable a good experiential relationship. In this sense, a study was carried out with the objective of determining the risk factors that affect the physical and mental health of nursing teachers. An Action-Research-Participation methodology was used, which allowed a diagnosis of the needs and problems in the daily spaces of their activity as participants. The problems were listed and defined according to magnitude, transcendence, seriousness, impact and finally prioritized, emphasizing causes, effects, and consequences. Subsequently, an action plan was drawn up within an FCI project. The population was confirmed by 10 teachers of nursing of the university of Guayaquil, who have been working for more than 2 years in the career and lived the experience of assuming the telework in pandemic. It is concluded that the risk factors that affect the physical and mental health of the teachers of nursing of the University of Guayaquil are related to the excess of activities that they must realize in front of a computer, the same ones that alter patterns life of each one of those involved.

41-50

Authors: Maria Gabriela Ortega Paredes, Medardo Montenegro Villavicencio

Background: Terminal chronic kidney disease is considered one of the main causes of morbidity worldwide, being responsible for poor blood pressure and glycemic control, becoming a high health expense with an equally high mortality rate. However, given renal replacement treatments, morbidity rates have improved, but there are shortcomings regarding quality of life and hospital care indicators. Objective: This project established the correlation between the type of vascular access used in hemodialysis and quality of life using the EQ5d-5L score. Method: Through the use of a questionnaire and the use of the EQ5D - 5L quality of life scale, a cross-sectional study was carried out in hemodialysis patients at the IESS Quito Sur hospital. Results: With a total of 112 patients, 66.1% being men, with an average age of 61 years and the main comorbidity being DM II; 39.3% used CAT and the rest AVF/TEFP, with 36.6% of the cases assessed using the Barthel score being independent. We determined that the average quality of life through EQ5D-5L was 0.74, 56.8% of the CAT had good quality of life and 70.6% of the AVF/PTEF. In their indicators we have that mobility was compromised in 45.5% of TACs and AVFs, self-care compromised in 50% of TACs and 26.5% of AVF/PTEF, daily physical activity compromised in 65.9% of CATs and 58.8% of the FAV/PTEF, pain present in 63.6% of the TAC and 64.7% of the FAV/PTEF, anxiety present in 36.6 TAC and 57.4 FAV/PTEF. Conclusion: Demonstrating the superiority in quality of life in those vascular accesses associated with the use of fistulas or arteriovenous prostheses.

64-75

Authors: Génesis Arreaga Coello, Yulissa Carriel Lucas, Gloria Muñiz Granoble, Dinora Rebolledo Malpica

The workload in nursing is a common problem in this discipline, where not only the physical part but also the professional part is often affected, generating difficulties in the professional growth of this nursing group. The objective of the study was to determine the perception of nursing about workload and professional growth. Methodology was quantitative, correlational, the technique used in data collection was a survey previously validated by experts, applied to 100 nursing professionals working in health institutions in the city of Guayaquil, recognizing ethical consent, the data were worked with descriptive statistics. Results, it is possible to demonstrate that 52% expressed feeling exhaustion after their day, and 68% say that sometimes they have experienced stress in their workplace, unfortunately it is shown that only 13% of respondents have been able to participate in scientific updates and 66% that they are satisfied or that they consider that sometimes the payment is according to what they work. Conclusion, professional growth is largely determined by the perception of their satisfaction in their own performance.

8-27

Authors: Zoila Alvarado Moncada, Gissela Cevallos Sánchez

The present investigation was aimed at analyzing the historical background of the comprehensive reparation of the victims, from the perceptions of Hebrew Law, Roman Law, Hispanic Canon Law and Indian Law, as well as from continental European and Latin American Law. The methodology used was documentary, descriptive and the Analytical-Synthetic and Historical-Logical methods were used. Likewise, the review of various bibliographic sources allowed the development of an exhaustive analysis of the subject of study, considering various approaches that have strengthened the right to comprehensive reparation. Therefore, based on the documentary development and the revision of international legislation, the development of doctrinal and legal contents in which essential principles of law converge, such as the victimological and restorative justice elements that allow adhering to a perspective, has become evident. broad and comprehensive approach to repairing the most challenging problems. Therefore, the reparation of the victim has become a forceful figure, inalienable and not subject to economic or political relativity, since even in the face of the material incapacity of the perpetrator or his lack of will, the State must guarantee reparations in which must converge the necessary aspects to guarantee the rights of the victims.

39-48

Authors: Fernando Benavides, Julia Maldonado, Wendy Wasbrum Tinoco , Esteban Arellano Montalvan

Education in academic management is a relevant contribution to improve the quality of education; therefore, those who increase their knowledge in this area acquire the necessary tools for the proper management of school organizations. Otherwise, there is only room for improvisation or the application of experience, which is not necessarily. That is required, but a higher degree of professionalism. The University of the Armed Forces-ESPE is currently in charge of defining the higher education of the Navy of Ecuador, Air Force and Army of Ecuador in its different special training units, taking into account the need for professional training of future officers of the Air Force, so it is important to measure its effectiveness in relation to the fields of research, communication and academic management.

60-70

Authors: Wendy Esthela Wasbrum Tinoco, Wilfrido Giovanny Wasbrum Tinoco, Andrea de las Mercedes Guale Sánchez, Gladys María Vélez García

This work has been done with the intention of making known the importance of leadership not only in the field of merchant marine, but also the recognition of the fact that when societies are not dominated by a common thought which serves as the center of all intellects and when they do not recognize dogma or principle, powerful enough to give a character of unity to all their efforts, as well as to establish the desired concord among all wills, societies fall prey to an early decadence which causes difficulties in their organic life, their intellectual life is extinguished, allowing individualism to invade them; thus provoking an intimate and deep malaise not only in individuals, but also in the work group as a whole, thus reducing the efficiency of the group, of the work area, even in the same company. The design of the present study is qualitative in nature, which has an analytical scope. It was defined as analytical in nature because it seeks to relate leadership with performance, as well as the variables that make up both factors, which will be detailed in the course of this research work. The target population of this research work corresponds to the Ecuadorian Oil Fleet (Flopec), in which case interviews were conducted with the personnel that can provide us with the necessary information for the elaboration of the research. It is concluded that to increase efficiency, productivity and work effectiveness requires understanding the differences and similarities they have.

11-26

Authors: Luis Alberto De Lucas Coloma, Ida Ivete Campi Mayorga, Sonnia Soraya Urbina Bustos, Javier Andrés Poveda Arteaga

The economic system currently has limitations in terms of its sustainability, such as: overproduction, the definition of planned obsolescence, the culture of consumption and use, as well as inefficiency for the benefit of waste in the different stages of production, They cause tensions in the rice sector that is increasing every year. Therefore, the relationship between the circular economy and the business perspective of the rice sector in the Daule canton should be analyzed for the period 2021-2022. The methodology implemented in the research has a mixed approach with a non-experimental design and a descriptive scope due to the fact that by conducting a survey aimed at companies the following results are evidenced, 70% consider that sometimes waste in the different stages of production cause tensions in the rice sector every year. Likewise, the fundamental differences that exist between the linear and circular economy, the first focuses on profitability without having any concern for the product's life cycle and the second bets on sustainability

45-54

Authors: Wendy Wasbrum Tinoco, Esteban Arellano Montalvan , Wilfrido Wasbrum Tinoco

This work shows how the IPVM in Ecuador has changed since the tax reform law in 2010, and the creation of IACV the next year; the public administration happens to earn from a few thousands of dollars to millions of dollars in vehicle property taxes. This work provides an ex-post analysis of the tax expenditures generated by the IPVM, that previously identified those taxes benefits are really taxed expenditures, comparing with the public politics that are pursued by each tax benefit according to the PNBV, allowing to measure the fiscal cost of estimated tax expenditures, establishing the applied approach to develop these estimates, the analysis is performed separately to ease the analysis of the tax expenditures and indicate a better way to indicate their role in the tax system providing detailed information of each one. Finally, the analysis presented in this work quantifies the amount of tax expenditure caused by tax concessions pursuing public policy objectives belongings to IPVM, which is produced in Santa Elena province.

12-33

Authors: Luis Armando Arias Duque, Kelly Pamela Pardo Quiroz , Janina Susana Sáenz Rodríguez, Shirley Giomar Rodríguez Romero

El trabajo de esta tesis presenta como título: Estrategias metodológicas para la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes del 4to. Año de Educación Básica de la Unidad Educativa Salesiana Cristóbal Colón del cantón Guayaquil en el año lectivo 2014-2015. En la Institución se presenta la falta de innovaciones en estrategias apropiadas para mejorar la comprensión lectora afectando la enseñanza de lenguaje y comunicación y es por esto que se desprenden varios problemas como el no estar acostumbrados a leer y se aburren cuando lo hacen ya que desconocen como comprender lo leído y la falta de conocimiento de parte de los docentes acerca de estrategias metodológicas hacia la comprensión lectora. Este trabajo investigativo tiene el propósito de desarrollar una Guía de estrategias metodológicas para mejorar su comprensión lectora, cuya propuesta se justifica con la finalidad de incentivar al estudiante a comunicarse, interpretar ideas y que pueda comprenderlas para luego dar su apreciación de un tema dado, por lo que es necesario indicar que las Estrategias metodológicas son las encargadas de establecer lo que se necesita para resolver bien la tarea de estudio, determinan las técnicas más adecuadas que se han de utilizar, controlan su aplicación y toman las decisiones posteriores en función de los resultados, y la comprensión lectora es un proceso a través del cual el lector elabora un significado en su interacción con el texto. La metodología que se empleó fueron los métodos : empírico, científico, deductivo, inductivo, analítico –sintético ,empleando las técnicas de la encuesta, la entrevista, obteniendo los siguientes datos que los docentes no utilizan las estrategias metodológicas, a veces hay tiempo para actividades de creatividad y no realizan ejercicios de comprensión lectora, mientras tanto los estudiantes no son críticos no les gusta leer por cuanto no son motivados y los representantes manifiestan que necesitan ayuda para efectuar la comprensión lectora, por lo consiguiente es preciso aplicar las estrategias metodológicas con el fin de mejorar la Comprensión lectora, cuyo impacto será de gran beneficio para el desenvolvimiento del léxico y formar hábitos lectores.

47-66

Authors: Cynthia Carolina Castillo Bravo

El presente trabajo de investigación estuvo dirigido a analizar el fenómeno migratorio Ecuador-Estados Unidos, considerando las implicaciones desde la política internacional en el periodo 2018-2020, con la finalidad de proponer un plan de acción que fortalezca la protección y asistencia de los inmigrantes irregulares ecuatorianos. Cada una de las acciones abordadas permitieron determinar la incidencia de la política migratoria de los Estados Unidos en los derechos fundamentales de los inmigrantes irregulares ecuatorianos. La metodología utilizada fue documental, descriptiva y se empleó el método Analítico-Sintético. Así mismo, la revisión de diversas fuentes bibliográficas permitió desarrollar un análisis exhaustivo de la temática de estudio, considerando que tanto el enfoque neoclásico y sociocrítico. Por lo tanto, en función del desarrollo documental y de las opiniones presentadas por los expertos entrevistados, se pudo concluir que en los últimos años se ha evidenciado a nivel internacional, un gran avance legislativo en el tratamiento de la inmigración, Sin embargo, las obligaciones de los estados para protección de estos derechos no han sido insuficientes para resolver los problemas migratorios que se presentan entre Ecuador y los Estados Unidos, reflejando deficiencias en la prestación de los servicios públicos u otros perjuicios bajo la condición de ingreso como irregulares. De esta manera, a través de esta investigación propusieron una serie de acciones internacionales dirigidas a propiciar la inclusión socio-económica de los inmigrantes de acuerdo con sus necesidades.

82-92

Authors: Patricia Stephania Briones Valverde

El objetivo principal de esta investigación se ha enfocado en determinar la tipificación del femicidio en Ecuador, considerando la relevancia de los convenios internacionales sobre los derechos de la mujer en el año 2020, lo cual permita proponer nuevas reformas para la prevención y erradicación de este tipo de delito. Se buscó, además identificar las dimensiones constitutivas que intervienen en la legislación ecuatoriana sobre el femicidio, incluyendo las controversias jurídicas y políticas cuya tipificación ha generado, desde el constructivismo social, determinando si procesos judiciales por femicidio desarrollados en Ecuador son coherentes con los planteamientos y compromisos incluidos en las Convenciones internacionales sobre los derechos de la mujer. Cada uno de los aspectos incluidos en este estudio se sustentó en el paradigma del constructivismo social, a partir de la construcción jurídica que engloba la legislación nacional, analizando la opinión de diversos expertos en esta área, lo que permitió profundizar sobre la problemática del femicidio desde su tipificación y penalización. Los resultados permitieron concluir que a pesar de la tipificación de este delito en la legislación ecuatoriana y las disposiciones que establecen los tratados internacionales, el tema del femicidio en Ecuador sigue siendo una problemática que devenga la actuación efectiva del Estado.