SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

14101-14118

Authors: Navin Verma & Maj Gen A K Shukla

NA

14145-14149

Authors: Sharmila Prakash Bagle

IN MARATHI

14156-14165

Authors: Sunita Jain

Literacy is a process which dispels and promotes rational thinking and moulds human beings into becoming responsible citizens. The absence of literacy i.e. illiteracy has a negative impact on social as well as economic growth of the nation. This hinders the development of individuals, society, community and the country as a whole. For the success of any program, people should be motivated by providing necessary congenial environments, socio-economic conditions and committed efforts on the part of implementing bodies. In spite of the number of efforts made by central and state governments in India, still illiterates remain. This paper considers the perception of B.Ed student teachers to identify factors responsible for female remaining illiterate and suggests strategies to adopt for achieving better results in Mumbai's suburban district.

14180-14185

Authors: Ashish Anshu

IN MARATHI

14193-14200

Authors: Janak Singh Meena

IN MARATHI

14210-14217

Authors: K. Manikandan

This study examined the effectiveness of blended learning in teaching psychology among B.Ed. trainees. It also examined the differential effect in achievement among B.Ed. students. The study used two groups pretest-posttest equivalent-groups design, 60 students for adopting for the present research. Psychology Achievement Test (PAT) developed by the researcher and validated by experts was used for the present study. Students taught using Blended learning strategy achieved higher scores and significantly better than those taught using conventional (lecture) method. The study recommended among other things that since Blended learning package is found to be an effective strategy and enhanced achievement among B.Ed. students, teachers of this subject should accept it as one of the strategies they can use in B.Ed. classroom.

14232-14238

Authors: V. Vijaya Gomathi & R. Muthulakshmi

Women entrepreneurs are playing very vital role and they have become important part of the global business environment and it’s really important for the sustained economic development and social progress. Women entrepreneurs’ responsibility towards family and workplace. The attitude of society towards her and the constraints in which she has to live and work are hostile. With joint families breaking up many women simply don’t have the support of elders. However, in rural India joint families are still the order of the day. Women have to face resistance not only from men but also from elderly woman who are ingrained with this attitude of inequality. This attitude of reservation creates difficulties and problems at all levels, i.e., family support, banking, marketing, training, licensing etc.

14247-14253

Authors: P. Supriya & R. Muthulakshmi

Tax structure in India is a three level federal structure. The central government, state governments, and local municipal bodies make up and about this structure. Interestingly, the tax system in India traces its origin to the prehistoric texts such as Arthashastra and Manusmriti. As proposed by these manuscripts, the taxes paid by farmers and artisans in that era would be in the form of agricultural produce, silver or gold. Based on these texts, the foundation of the modern tax system in India was conceptualized by the Sir James Wilson during the British rule in India in the year, 1860. However, post-independence the newly-established Indian administration then soldered the system to propel the economic development of the country. After this period, the Indian tax structure has been subject matter to a host of changes. India has a healthy developed tax structure with clearly demarcated right between Central and State Governments and local bodies. Central Government levies taxes on income (except tax on agricultural income, which the State Governments can levy), customs duties, Central Goods & Services tax (CGST) & Integrated Goods & Services Tax (IGST). State Good & Services Tax (SGST), stamp duty, state excise, land revenue and profession tax are levied by the State Governments.

14258-14270

Authors: Dharmendra N. Shambharkar & Anjali Kumari

IN MARATHI

14287-14294

Authors: Swarna Chandrika Mahapatra

The present study investigated the effect of constructivist approach on the achievement of elementary students in the English language. A quasi-experimental design was used in the study. Participants for this study were drawn via purposive sampling from an intact population of class VI students and were divided into an experimental group (N = 29) and a control group (N =29). An achievement test, which served as the pretest, was administered prior to the intervention to both the groups. Furthermore, students with low scores in the pretest (low achievers) were distributed between the experimental and control group. The experimental group received instruction based on Interpretation Construction (ICON) Design Model. The control group received the traditional method of instruction. Post-test was conducted and mean scores were computed for the groups. Mean, Standard deviation’– test and Analysis of covariance were used to arrive at the following conclusions: (i) Students taught through constructivist approach, ICON model, gained significantly higher score as compared to their counterpart taught by traditional method. Based on the ‘t’ value of 0.948 at 0.005 level with df 56, there was no significant difference between the mean achievement of the experimental group and control group before the intervention. However, there existed a significant difference between the mean achievement of the experimental group and control group after the intervention (t value 4.271 at 0.001 level with df 56). (ii) Low achievers learnt better through a constructivist approach and gained significantly higher score as compared to their counterpart taught by traditional method. There was also no significant difference between mean achievement scores of low achievers from both the groups before intervention (t value 0.638 at 0.001 level with df 56). But the researcher found a significant difference between the mean achievement scores post-intervention (t value 3.707 with df 15 at 0.001 level). Based on the above conclusions, it is recommended that the English language taught through ICON model leads to better achievement among the students.

14320-14326

Authors: Sudesh iSharma

Indian fiction in English has a formidable line of women novelists from Kamala Markandaya to Nayantara Sahgal, Shashi iDeshpande iis ione iof ithe ibrightest istars iin ithis iaugust igalaxy iof iIndian iwomen iwriters iwho iin iher ivarious iworks ihas idepicted ithe icontemporary imiddle iclass iwomen’s iouter iand iinner iworld iwith iremarkable iacute iinsight. The ipresent istudy iis ian iattempt ito ishow ihow ithe imulti-layered i‘silence’ iis iused iby iher iprotagonist ias ia istrategy ito isurvive, iunderstand iand irealize iher iidentity iand iself-respect, ias ialso ito iestablish iand iassert iher istatus, irole iand icontribution iin ithe idomestic iand isocial idomains. iThat iLong iSilenceiis ia imodern inovel, which won her the Sahithya Academy award in 1990, irevolves iaround iits icentral iprotagonist iJaya, iwho iis iin isearch ifor iher iself iidentity iin ia itradition ibound isociety. iThe ipresent ipaper iis ian ihonest iattempt ito ishow ihow ipatriarchy ihampers iwoman’s iassertion iand itries ito ioppress iher iin ieach iand ievery ipossible iway; iand ihow ia iwoman iprojects iherself ias ia isubject iand irefuses ito ilive iher ilife iin ia iservile imanner. iThe ipaper ibeautifully itraces ithe ijourney iof iJaya, ithe iprotagonist ifrom isuppression ito iself-realization. i

14327-14330

Authors: Vijay Dhamane & Swati Barbhai

Present research study deals with the pedagogical skills problems related to English language at Zillah Parishad primary schools. The major objectives of the study were to identify and analyze the problems related to pedagogical skills of primary teachers for effective teaching of English. Survey method was used for the research, under which data were collected from 325 primary teachers of Zillah Parishad, Pune. The pedagogical problems related to Preparation, Presentation (Instructions), Language skills and Evaluation phases of English Language were surveyed through questionnaire. After analyzing the data it was concluded that while preparing and planning for English teaching in the classroom, most of the teachers are facing the problems of limited time period for preparation, biclass teaching method, availability of the audio-visual aids, also difficulties to plan for teaching the diverse learners in the class. Lack of communicative approach due to insufficient knowledge, vocabulary and training of the teachers. Impact of mother tongue, phobia about English speaking While evaluating the students, teachers came across the problems of lack of positive attitude of students, towards evaluation.

14338-14342

Authors: Ayesha Tanwir

Madrasa education is major source of education for Muslims in India. Madrasa is an Arabic word which means an educational institution. They have never been limited to providing only religious education but this notion has shifted, and Madrasa become the only religious centre. For many years Madrasa has been only education option available to Muslim children, especially in areas where no schools have reached the Muslim masses. Increasingly, oppressed Muslim communities demand greater quality education from their madrasa. Madrasa education lots of challenges likewise in India, most of the Madrasa are privately owned and the leaders of madrasa do not feel the need to fulfil the need of the society. Although Muslims parents are Inclined to the safe environment of the school, they are aware of that because of conventional methods and techniques, negative outlook on modern subjects and also due to lack of imagination, experiments and invention, only religious teaching will not be enough for their children to live a decent life. This paper discusses some of the problem faced by Madrasa and suggest some remedial steps to improve the standard of education offered by Madrasa for the overall growth of the Muslim community.

14348-14355

Authors: Namami Shankar Sudhanshu

With a view to study the solvent effect on the estensive thermodynamic properties of Acid catalysed solvolysis of higher methanoate, the kinetics of the section was studied in water-DMSO media of varying composition consisting of 20% to 80% (v/v) of DMSO at different temperatures ranging from 20 to 40°C. The specific rate constant values of the reaction were found to decrease with increasing concentration of DMSO in the reaction media. It was found that from 0.267 to 1.642 molecules of water are associated with the activated complex and from this, it is concluded that in the presence of DMSO in the reaction media, the mechanistic pathways of the reaction is changed from bimolecular to unimolecular. The depletion observed in the values of iso-composition activation energy of the reaction shows that the transition state is solvated and initial stage is desolvated with addition of DMSO in reaction media. The unity value of slope of the plots of log k values against log [H+ ] values shows that the reaction follows AAC 2 mechanism. From the values of iso-kinetic temperature i.e. 290, it may be concluded that in water-DMSO reaction media, there is weak but considerable solventsolute interaction.

14365-14371

Authors: Balaji S. Mudholkar

Understanding consumer behaviour is important for any organization before launching a product. If the organization failed to analyse how a customer will respond to a particular product, the company will face losses. Consumer behaviour is very complex because each consumer has different mind and attitude towards purchase, consumption and disposal of product. Understanding the theories and concepts of consumer behaviour helps to market the product or services successfully. Moreover, studying consumer behaviour helps in many aspects. As there is constant change in the living standards, trend, fashion and change in technology; consumer's attitude towards the purchase of product varies. Understanding these factors is of utmost importance because the marketing of product are largely dependent on these factors. Thus, consumer behaviour serves as a successful tool for marketers in meeting their sales objectives. In the light of this researcher is interested to Determinants of Two-Wheeler motor bike in buying behaviour of customers: A case study of Nanded city

14379-14388

Authors: Devananda R. & GD Narayana

After the Independence of India first general elections was held from 25-10-1951 to 21-05-1952. After the general elections first Lok sabha was constituted on 17-04-1952. For the 16th Lok sabha the general election was held from 07-04-2014 to 12-05-2014 this was the longest election in Indian general election history. After the elections the NDA came to power with BJP having its own 282 members in 543 members. 2 Anglo Indian members are nominated by the president of India to the Parliament. Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi took the office on 26-05-2014 as the 14th Prime Minister of Independent India. Its first session was scheduled to conveyed from 04-06-2014. In this 16th Lok sabha, the productivity of Parliament members in both houses of the parliament is less than 10% in average. For this 16th parliament no opposition leader was in the house, according to the norms of Lok sabha the parliament has to work 06-00 hours daily. But parliament worked only 01-15 hours only. This shows the working attitude of 16th Lok sabha parliament members. The Parliament members elected for 16th Lok sabha, have 20.66% serious criminal cases against them. 13.47% of Lok sabha members have no serious criminal cases against them, and 65.87% of parliament members have no criminal cases against them. 1/3 of elected members had at least one pending criminal case against them with some having serious criminal cases. Majority of the elected members are Karodpathi members. The contemporary issues are no preference for valuable democratic debate; the members are not cooperative with the speakers of both houses. The members are opposing the government for opposition only, the members are more regionalists, and members are controlled by political parties at the time of parliament sessions also, many of them as no specific vision and mission. The challenges for Indian parliament are caste politics, identity politics, money power, and muzzle power, party politics, corruption, continues election throughout the year, changing nature and newly emerging political trends in contemporary Indian politics, different socio-religious communities, disrespecting the constitutional institutions, polarization of politics.

14397-14400

Authors: Prof. Laxman Wayal

NA

14393-14402

Authors: Devananda R. & GD Narayana

Climate means interactions between atmosphere (Air), Hydrosphere (Water), Cryosphere (Ice and Permafrost), Biosphere (living things), and Lithosphere (Earth’s crust and upper mantle). This results for daily weather and long term averages of weather. Climate change means the climate system receives all its energy from the sun, a small amount of energy from earth’s interior parts. The climate system gives off energy to outer space. The balance between the incoming and outgoing energy and the passage of energy through climate system determines earth’s energy. When the incoming energy is greater than the outgoing energy the climate will become warm. If the outgoing energy is more than the incoming, energy the earth will experience cooling effect. In Karnataka, state Areca nut is a main commercial crop in practice. It was earlier grown in malenadu regions, coastal regions, and side of sahyadri mountain regions. But in now a day’s Areca nut is growing in table lands (Bayalu Seemae) also. For Areca nut crop sandy soil, red soil, jambbe ittige soil, meccal soil is suitable. Areca nut crop needs more rain and water whenever is needed. It is sustainable to hot climate also. The life time of Areca nut tree is about 50 to 60 years. From the time of Mahabharata, Ramayana and till today Areca nut is growing and utilizing by the human kind in India. There are evidences for the Areca nut crop in the past history. In Mudigere Taluk Aracanut is growing in 2599 hectares, total Aracanut yielding is 2780 tones, the average yield per hectare is 1.07 tones only. In recent days due to heavy rains and floods by the rivers of Hemavathi and Bhadra thousands of farmers lost their valuable Aracanut gardens, horticulture crops gardens and food crops fields also. Hundreds of families lost their home also. The most affected villages in Mudigere taluk will come under the purview of Baaluru hobli, mainly the villages are Maalemane, Muttinakonda, Alekhanhoratti and neighboring villages. This is due to human intervention on environment, development of new buildings, roads, infrastructures in eco sensitive areas. Recently temperature is rising day by day and climate is also changing due to global warming. In this study we are studying impact of heavy rains and floods in the above mentioned area. Bibliography: An introduction of sociology by Vidya Bhushan, D.R. Sachdeva. Medical Sociology by M. Thamilarasan. Environmental Studies by Arun K Tripathi. Websites, journals, Newspapers and TV channels.

14426-14434

Authors: Shiferaw Teror Bersso, Taye Mosisa Gemeda, Tegene Hatamu Kebede & Dr. Oprakash H M

Quality in education has become the prime concern of countries the world over. Quality is the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution. Total quality management in education is a universal compulsion. In Ethiopia, promoting quality has been the focus of almost all the committees constituted at different stages of development of Ethopian Education system. Enhancement of quality is an institutional effort and is not merely an outcome of an individual’s conviction. There should be a participatory and consultative decision–making to implement quality enhancement strategies. Prospective teachers are to be equipped with mental / intellectual abilities that enable them to refine thoughts, to reason and to judge. Present secondary school curriculum should be redesigned to enable the students in developing thinking ability. Goals should suit the contemporary as well as the larger needs of society. The attention of schools should focus on the right priorities and responsibilities especially with reference to teaching and learning. Improvement of teaching methods using educational technology, projects, providing computer skills and thinking skills, encouragement of co-curricular activities and incorporation of community orientation are to be observed. Life skills should be taught along with the regular lessons. Human resource development should be taken care off. Cooperation among the staff, management, students, heads of institutions are very important. An aura of healthy competition builds up wherever there is a healthy, mutually encouraging, congenial atmosphere. Improvement of teaching methods using educational technology, projects, providing computer skills and thinking skills, encouragement of co-curricular activities and incorporation of community orientation are to be observed if quality is to be enhanced.

14446-14457

Authors: Abhishiant Slariya

Ravi basin had first hydroelectric power project 1904. But the development of Hydropower generation started in real sense with the installation of NHPC owned Baira Suil power project in 1982. After that the number of Hydroelectric Power Projects has increased rapidly till date. Chamera series of projects (Chamera-I, II and III) are the major projects and affected society at large including flora-fauna, physical environment by altering the ecology of the whole catchment area. These projects also displaced thousands of people and are still struggling for the identity even after 36 years at new place of their resettlement on the one hand and not got their dues and whatever they received they received with the intervention of High court and where some cases are still pending. This paper is an attempt to understand, more than three decades journey of NHPC in Ravi basin and the changes brought because of the power projects installed by NHPC. Specifically, changes in socioeconomic conditions of displaced people of Chamera-I will be the main focus of this paper. The paper is based on master level research conducted by the researcher by using exploratory research design and responses have been recorded by using interview schedule and observation methods. The research confirmed that this project has changed the way of living of people to a greater extend in many aspects of their life.

14470-14475

Authors: Swati Subhash Warule

The purpose of the study was to determine whether eight weeks Exercise Training Programme (ETP) could improve Abdominal Strength and Flexibility of state level boxing players. To achieve this purpose 40 state level boxers belonging to 16 to 19 years age group were selected. These players were divided into two equal groups viz. the Experimental Group (Exercise Training Program Group, N=20) and the Controlled Group (N=20). The Exercise Training Group was imparted training for 6 days a week for 8 weeks, every day for 4 hours (morning 2 hours and evening 2 hours). The data were collected before and after training for both groups. The data was analyzed by using One Way ANCOVA. The result of the study showed that the Exercise Training Program has significantly improved the Abdominal Strength and Flexibility of the boxers of the Experimental Group as compared to the controlled group. The study concluded with the conclusion that the eight weeks Exercise Training Program (ETP) designed by the researcher is found effective for the improvement of Abdominal Strength and Flexibility of male boxers

14482-14489

Authors: Prof. Alka Jain

NA

14496-14500

Authors: Premlata Kashyab

NA

14509-14512

Authors: Purshotam

NA

14519-14530

Authors: J. Aruna

Teachers are the greatest assets of any education system. They stand in the interface of the transmission of knowledge, skills and values. They are accepted as the backbone of education system. Teacher quality is therefore crucial and has been globally accepted to be significantly associated with the quality of education in general and students’ learning outcomes in particular. According to Schulman’s (1987) conceptualization of teacher’s knowledge provides the base of teacher education curriculum structure a teacher should possess subject content knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, and the knowledge of educational contexts and goals; and should be able to use this knowledge creatively to deal with ever changing classroom situations. If we analyse teacher education systems in different countries from this perspective we will find majority of teacher education reform efforts centred on reforming the knowledge base of teachers, and similarities can be observed in teacher education curriculum across various societies. The ability and attitude of teachers depend on the teacher education programme that is in operation. In this context pre-service teacher education, which is a major part of Teacher Education, assumes great significance. In preservice teacher education if we talk of B.Ed. (Bachelor of Education) programmes, its duration is a controversial issue, because its duration is varied from 1,2 or 4 years (4years for integrated B.Ed.) all over India. There is a difference in opinion; with some arguing that course duration of B.Ed. should be of 1 year and others arguing that its duration should be more than 1year. These arguments are mainly based on Cost vs Quality.

14543-14545

Authors: Kavita Bhagwan Ambhore

The samyak sambuddha is the only teacher of the universe who can guide the satva for liberation from the dukkha . So it is very important that we should understand what the Lord is saying . Once we understand his message the path becomes very clear. We must concentrate on ourself and practice to get rid of attachment to the panckhanda. Once our pure mind understand that panckhanda is not me or mine, it’s changing continuously and giving sufferings. No time is required to get detachment from khanda . And then the ultimate peace of the NIBBANA will be there

14554-14564

Authors: Sanjukta Bhuyan & Maruti Kumar Tripathy

The present study aimed at assessment of the techno pedagogical skills of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) Students of Odisha & to compare the TP skills with respect to gender &stream of education. Descriptive Survey Method was adopted for the study. The sample of the study consisted of 200 B.Ed students of 4 Teacher Education Institutes of Odisha. Data were collected through a standardized tool developed by K.K. Sibichen and P. Annaraja (2009) namely Techno Pedagogical Skill Assessment Scale (TPSAS).Collected data were analysed with help of t test. The results of the study revealed that B.Ed students have positive and high techno-pedagogical skills in terms of learning, implementing instructional strategy and evaluation. Further, there is no significant difference found between male and female B.Ed students in techno- pedagogical skills and there is no significant difference found between male-arts and female-arts B.Ed students in their techno pedagogical skills but there is significant difference found between male-science and female science B.Ed students in their techno pedagogical skills.

14571-14584

Authors: Ashwani Kumar

The technology that is shaping our future and our children's is not, as many assume, the computer. These machines have been with us for decades and now, with their advanced multimedia capability, they deserve considerable credit for enhancing learning among people of all ages. But I propose that there is an even greater technology on the rise, whose power is far more encompassing. I am speaking about the new and emerging forms of interactive communications, such as the Internet, that allow us to capitalize on our greatest learning resource – the minds of people all over the globe. We are just beginning to experience the impact of this connection of people to people, and can only guess how transforming its effects will be in the coming years. I also contend, however, that if we make the right choices now, we can substantially change for the better how we and our children learn, and more important, how the young people of today and generations to come are taught to learn. To succeed at that task requires a concerted and coordinated effort – a partnership if you will – among our families, schools, youth organizations, and communities. I say that because I am mindful that technology itself is never the reason things change. Rather, it is how people choose to apply technology – and whether they make wise decisions and address real needs – that makes the difference in the long run. To help find out what some of those choices might be as they relate to the Internet, three years ago – when the Morinomanstitute was in the formative stages – we set out to better understand the potentially transforming power of interactive communications in human terms. Our approach was in contrast to the mass media's much narrower focus

13794-13797

Authors: Sona Palan

The significance of this article is about availability of Information Communication Technology-ICT and usage in schools for the purpose of teaching and learning. ICT can help in enhancing the standards of education through blended learning by supplementing the talk and chalk methodology of teaching.This study investigated ‘The Availability and use of Technology in schools’. This provides an insight into various features of ICTs for schools. It also highlights the use of high-end technology to low end one that has been successful over the last few years in our country at K-12 level. This article also examines the challenges experienced in the use of technology and provides suggestions to address these challenges.The Technologies like Computers, Internet, Email, Smart boards, Phone/SMS, websites are available and used for the purpose of teaching learning. Technology is also used for other tasks such as sending circulars, staff attendance, preparing curriculum planners, time tables, question papers, salary and other administrative work. Searching the internet for information, electronic communication with parent and preparing course materials are also other uses of technology in these schools. The study recommends that more and more schools must adopt use of Technology, as use and availability of Technology is pertinent in making schools part of the global world.

13817-13825

Authors: Kamini Sharma

Due to technological advancement/progress in the present centaury, student behave like a machine demanding excessive concentration & speedy reaction. It is a great challenge to the student’ personality development & adjustment. Therefore, good adjustment plays a pivotal role & helps in well physical & intellectual development. Now days the family, the school, the college, the educational institutions & the society are also complex that the students are facing a lot of problems in their daily life in relation to their adjustment. It is the responsibility of the researcher, the teacher as well as the parents that the problems should be identified very soon & immediate measures should be provided to the student for the betterment of their lives. The present study was conducted on secondary school student. The main objective of the study was to identify the adjustment problems among boys & girls of secondary school in Navi Mumbai. A sample of one hundred & twenty- five student was selected randomly from secondary school in Navi Mumbai. Adjustment inventory by M. N. Palsane was administered. ‘t’ -test was applied to find the significant difference of adjustment across different variables. Analysis of results indicate that there is significant difference in total adjustment in boys & girls of secondary school. The study revealed to those significant differences in home & family, personal & emotional & social adjustment in boys & girls of secondary school. There is no significant difference in education & health adjustment of boys & girls of secondary school.

13839-13852

Authors: Manzoor Ahmad Rather & Mahmood Ahmad Khan

The study was undertaken to study the relationship between the factors of Value Orientation and Emotional Intelligence of Creative writers of Jammu & Kashmir. The sample of the study comprised of 80 creative writers (Sahitya Akademi Awardees and Award Nominees). Value Orientation Scale, Study of Values (1960) by Allport et al. Indian adaption N.Y Reddy (1980) and Emotional Intelligence Scale (2011) by Hyde, Pathe and Dhar were the tools used for the collection of Data. Correlation was computed by employing Pearson’s Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation on Value Orientation and Emotional Intelligence of Creative writers (N=80) at dimension level. The study revealed that positive and significant relationship existed between the factors: Economic Value and Managing relations and Selfdevelopment; Aesthetic value and Integrity; Religious Value and Emotional Stability. Significant Negative relationship existed between ‘Political Value and factors empathy and integrity’. However no significant relationship was found between the rest of the factors.

13867-13872

Authors: Moon Vaishali Dinesh & Mohan Kamble

in marathi

13892-13900

Authors: Harvinder kaur

In the fast pace of life, Stress has become an integral and pervasive part of the lifestyle. In the last few decades, the lifestyle of Indian masses has changed in such a manner that without having stress or anxiety we cannot complete the cycle of our daily routine. Some sort of stress is acceptable but excessive stress is harmful and can distort our work performance, mental and physical health, relationships in our family life and many more things. Due to newer technological development, people’s skills are quickly becoming obsolete, that again creates a stress due to uncertainty of the future. As per a survey, stress is ranked number 1 risk factor for life in India. In this backdrop we try to analysis the level of stress in the workplace in India and Globally, its causes and remedial action taken by the corporate

13916-13921

Authors: Shrimati Kiran Bishnoi

in marathi

13927-13938

Authors: Gouri Manik Manas

Early Childhood Development refers to the physical, cognitive, linguistic, and socio-emotional development of a child from the prenatal stage up to age eight. This development happens in a variety of settings (homes, schools, health facilities, community-based centers); and involves a wide range of activities from child care to nutrition to parent education. Providers of services can include public, private, and non-governmental agencies. Early Childhood Development encompasses a number of distinct sub-stages, each of which presents particular needs Pregnancy and pre-natal: prenatal care, attended births, registration, postnatal care 0 to 3 parent education, early stimulation and nutrition interventions, home-based care, crèches 3 to 6 parent education, preschool 6 to 8 transition to formal education, improved early primary school From a development point of view, children who come from the most vulnerable and disadvantaged backgrounds need good-quality services and care the most, including children with special needs for early childhood development.To ensure a nation’s children develop well, adequate investment in early childhood development is essential. However, a study by the Child and Family Policy Center (CFPC) shows that although brain growth and general child development is most important during the initial stages of life up to three to five years of age, the amount of public spending for that period in 12 states of the United States was vastly inferior to investment in later years.35 These results mirror those in many other nations where far greater emphasis is placed on investing in formal education from ages five or six forward. It is instructive to compare national investments in children from zero to five years with fundingfor children from six to 14 or up to 18 years. Note; [Different programs classify the early childhood period according to their own context. Therefore, it is recommended that users of this guide refer to their own early childhood development national policy guidelines when planning and implementing early childhood programs.]

13947-13952

Authors: Pallavi Ravindra Chavhan

na

13682-13692

Authors: Sameer Patil

Drug addiction is assuming alarming proportions and has become a worldwide phenomenon, spreading across nations. However, it is varying in magnitude and characteristics in the different areas and spectrums of society. It has grown as a raging epidemic, that has shaken the entire fabric of society, India being no exception. Every day there is an increasing number of people initiated into drugs, being addicted and getting caught in the vicious cycle of life and death. Addiction, not just affects the individual, but causes problems in terms of social disorder, increased expenditure, and transmission of infectious diseases, leading to disturbances in the socio cultural and political fabric of society. While there are different models of treatments available across the world, as well as in India, one model that stands out is the 12 step recovery model. Studies have shown that 12 step groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) among others have proved to be an effective and cost efficient approach to tackle this ever growing menace of addiction in our society. Across the globe, there are numerous addiction treatment facilities that recognise the 12 step recovery model as evidence based treatment. The therapeutic approach as, against othertherapies seems to work better, as it helps the individual to cope with life on a daily basis. However, there seems to be a missing element, either in treatment or post discharge, considering the low success rates for individuals with substantial long term recovery. There being no set standard in measuring recovery, according to the Betty Ford Foundation, in the U.S, “Recovery is achieving complete abstinence as well as wellbeing”. It is precisely in this context that the 12 Step recovery model assumes significance. This study has in no way received endorsement from Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous or any other 12 step fellowship. This study has been solely done for research purposes, to educate service givers and organisations working in addiction treatment, about the significance of the12 step model in long term recovery for addicts, and to help them to facilitate their clients active participation in AA and NA or other 12 step support fellowships.In this analysis thefocus is on the significance of the 12 step model of recovery and its significant psycho-social and spiritual benefits along with theadvantages in lifelong recovery. There will also be a discussion on perspectives and success rates with the information derived through AA and NA literature, websites as well as from other research materials and journals. The study will conclude with a summary on understanding the scope and scale, and recommendations on implementing the right strategies to achieve the desired results.

13703-13708

Authors: Divyaraj Parkar

Organizations acknowledge the reality "employees are most vital resource" this is permissible confining of good arrangements and execution of those so representatives have great workplace, the achievement mantra of organizations are cooperation, common regard, respectability and pride of workforce the present aggressive world requires exceptionally energetic workforce with high in require accomplishment. One of the key components which draw in and hold performing representatives is inspirational state of mind and development openings gave to them absence of good workplace and development openings prompts high turnover. The association should plan strategies and plans for worker maintenance and make excellent inside culture to draw in and hold gifted representatives. The present case has made an attempt to study the retention strategies adopted by TCS, HCL, Wipro, and Infosys to retain their employee, to meet this objective secondary sources which include books, journals, articles and newspapers, websites were referred.

13709-13715

Authors: Anuprita Deshmukh

in marathi

13738-13746

Authors: Mohd Naseem Khan

Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) was introduced by the government of India, under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005 to render health care services to rural population with major focus on vulnerable groups i.e. women and children. In India, poor accessibility health care services for children resulted with high child mortality, and Uttar Pradesh, stands below than national average. The ASHAs endeavour for the survival of every child through rendering care services in every village. The efforts of the ASHAs for child survival in Aligarh are reflected in the several studies by DLHS, NFHS, and AHS. District Level Household Survey-3 (DLHS, 2007-08) reported that Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Child Deaths Under- 5 years were 85 and 73 respectively. Subsequently, DLHS- 4 (2013-14), reported some improvement in which IMR came down 72 and Child Mortality Under- 5 were reduced by 65. Immunization indicators also improved as full immunization of children in Aligarh District was of 30.4 percent in 2011 which improved to 56.62 in 2015 (Annual Health Survey, 2013). National Family Health Survey (NFHS- 4, 2015- 16) also supports some improvement in child health indicators in Aligarh. This study is based on data by secondary sources from studies, surveys, reports, and modules etc. The current study attempts to highlight intervention of the ASHAs at grass root level for ensuring child survival.

13757-13762

Authors: Malavika Menon, Meera B. Nair, Meera K. Manikandan, Nandini N. V. , Nanditha Satish, Reshma S. R. & Sruthi Sreekumar

The project titled “An Analytical Study On The Practices Of Menstrual Hygiene Among Different Age Groups” throws light upon the Menstrual practices carried out by women of age group eighteen to twenty-five and twenty-six to forty five. It aims on finding out the hygienic routine during their monthly periods. As a woman is usually compared to Mother Nature the scope of the study is also extended into finding out a sustainable routine that is also nature friendly. Menstrual hygiene is a symbol of healthy lifestyle and it should be taught to girls who attain puberty. In India due to sociocultural and economic condition many rural and even urban girls are not aware of these practices. Due to many stigmas, to understand how girls do keep menstrual health is a real challenge to the researchers. Using a survey questionnaire, the investigators will collect data from fifty women in age group of eighteen-forty-five after getting their informal consent. The data will be coded into statistical software for statistics. There will be a significant difference in the menstrual practices among the different age groups. Results of the study will definitely have counselling and social implication and it will help health professionals and researchers to further applications.

13774-13785

Authors: Moolchand Meena & Prof. Saroj Garg

in marathi

13792-13805

Authors: Rahul Kamble

in marathi

13431-13444

Authors: Miss. Supriya. C. P. & Prof. Madhu Kapani

Man had been inquest for peace, since time immemorial. The contemporary world, focuses on implementing Peace education to the children as they are docile. The children when they grow up to become adults can become the agents of peace building in the world bereft of peace and harmony. India is the land of values, where every living creature is valued and worshiped. It also harbours the world’s largest democracy where all the major religions co-exist in harmony. The present article provides an insight on the different strategies used in imparting peace education in Indian schools and the opportunities it provides for the students to practise it through its curriculum.

13459-13466

Authors: Usha Rana

Swami Vivekananda’s man-making is particularly referred to individual perfection and total human development is the manifestation of the perfection already in man. He has given certain ideas and directions to make our education truly oriented to total human development. He had given various dimensios of man-making education to grow a man into a real spiritual man with excellent human qualities. Present study based on the comparison of dimensions of man-making education present in the aims of present education of class IX and X. Present study revealed that various dimensions of man-making education finds a place in the present aims of education of class IX and X.

13478-13489

Authors: Praveen Bobby Binjha & Prof. Hrushikesh Senapati

The study examined students’ usage web2.0 tools in education, level of awareness and adoption in their classroom learning. The results indicated that wikis, social networking sites, email and presentation tools are frequently and most used web2.0 tools. Moreover, the awareness is high in case of different types of email and social networking sites compare to other web2.0 tools. There exists significant difference in student’s awareness and usage of web2.0 application in learning biology at senior secondary school level. The students indicated the positive polarity towards the adoption of web2.0 tools in classroom learning and beyond it. It can be concluded that student awareness and adoption of web2.0 tools can support the instructor to integrate technology with pedagogy and content effectively.

13495-13501

Authors: Anu Kumari & Dayachand

in marathi

13508-13526

Authors: Pankaj Parik & Purnima Naraniya

in marathi

13539-13543

Authors: Purnima P. Sable

Survey of post-harvest disease of fruits was made. It was noted that the fruits are Infected with Aspergillusniger, Fusarium oxysporium,Rhizophus slonifer,Alternaria Species and Cercospora species. The Aspergillusniger was found to be on maximum Number of Ber verities and hence its sensitivity tested against Benomyl. There was Variation in the sensitivity in different isolates. The most sensitive isolate indicated The MIC 10/mg/ml on agar plates and also on the fruits.

13550-13558

Authors: Shivani

in marathi

13578-13584

Authors: Rutuparna Mohanty

Jambubati Devi was a front lined woman freedom fighter of Western Odisha. She joined the freedom movement being inspired by Mahatma Gandhi and Rama Devi. Ghandhiji’s clarion call for women to participate in the Nationalist Movement echoed in her heart. She made up her mind to join the movement and served the motherland. She encouraged many men and women of Western Odisha to join the Satyagraha. Due to her encouragement and indomitable spirit people actively joined in the civil disobedience movement, Anti liquor movement, Harijan Padayatra etc. She was a great social activist. She served the poor, earthquake victims and so called untouchables in various ways. During The Quit India Movement, she led the procession of students of a training school in Bihar. Thus an Odia lady could lead the freedom movement in the neighboring state with great courage. She suffered imprisonment several times. At last she passed away there in Bihar on 17th July 1943. This paper intends to throw light on the role of Jambubati Devi of Western Odisha in the freedom movement. Her contributions and dedications for the motherland can never be relegated to background.

13593-13600

Authors: Pravin Laxman Kothawade

In this study an attempt has been made to study the Study of Spiritual intelligence of Trainee teacher. Standardized stress scale by Dr. Santosh Dhar & Dr. Upindar Dhar has been used for the Present study to measure Spiritual intelligence of Trainee teacher. The random sample technique has been followed to data collection. The sample includes 104 male & female Trainee Teacher of college of Education. For purpose of analysis and interpretation of data, descriptive and inferential statistical techniques like Mean, S.D., Skewness , kurtosis, correlation & t-test were used. Major findings of the study were i) There is no significant difference in spiritual intelligence level of Male & female Trainee teacher. ii) More than 50% trainee teachers have normal spiritual intelligence

13606-13615

Authors: Mohmed Ali & Mohammed Arshad Ur Rehman

The impact of globalization and technological development, internet revolutionized the total world and created the platform to access the online shopping. It was emerged in the 21stcentury as most of the people are busy with their hectic schedules. In such a situation online shopping became the easiest and most suitable means for their shopping requirements. The Internet has changed the way of customer perceptions and behaviour. An online shop of buying products as well as services with the medium of exchange as Internet is called as the business-to-consumer transactions. The enhancement in the number of internet users in India provides bright prospects for online shopping. Many companies have started using the Internet with the objective of reducing marketing costs, thereby reducing the price of their product and service in order to stay ahead in the highly competitive globalized world markets. The present paper focuses on the various theoretical aspects related to online shopping

13623-13631

Authors: Rutuja Sonawane

Telecommunication industry is one of the most emergent industries which evolved very speedily in last decade. Currently India is the world’s second largest telecommunication market and still growing. Mobile economy in India is increasing very fast and will add significantly to India’s GDP. Both Indian network providers’ international providers receive considerable market share in the Indian mobile industry. Recently Reliance Jio has gave a big jolt to Indian telecom industry, schemes like free internet, free calling, 4g network provide a serious threat to others. Reliance Jio emerge as a new choice and other service providers face a new kind of challenge and find difficult to cope up with new circumstances. This case discusses the features of the Jio and also through some light on the competitive edge over other service providers.

13638-13644

Authors: Chanchal Jangid

Employee Relation has been evolve by years and is typically a part of the Human Resource. It is a strategy designed to ensure that there is more effective utilization of the people so that to accomplish the organization objective and mission. Employee Relation majorly focuses on the issue which is faced by the employees and make efforts to manage the relationship of the employer and the employee. To have an effective Employee Relation the organization needs to have an effective policies which describes the organization philosophy, rules & regulation, procedures to address the employee related matters and also to resolve the problems at the workplace. Many organization also have one or two employee relation representative, the human resource department always ensure that the organization policies are followed fairly and consistently. The employee relation representative work with both the employees and the supervisor to resolve the problems and address the concern. Presently the Employee Relation plays an important role in any of the organization to be successful and be competitive in the market. This become an important aspect for human resource department or the Employee Relation representative to maintain a healthy relationship between the employer and employee by solving the conflicts and problems between them as soon as possible.

13657-13666

Authors: Miss. Neha Agrawal

Banking industry over the last decade has made it stronger, faster, well-organized and is more competitive. From last many years banking sector has been reform in a better manner. Banking industry has been provided with some innovative products to the customers. The use of technology has brought a rebellion in the working style of the banks and it has pervaded each and every aspect of human life and drastic manner. By bringing internet banking, mobile banking and other services is helpful for the customer and bank has made it easy and convenient for the customer to use it. It helps the customer to save their time and energy and they can do their transaction in a second without finding any difficulty.

13678-13694

Authors: Mohinder Kumar Slariya & Hardeep Singh

India, the 7th largest hydropower making country in the world, had an installed hydro capacity of around 45,400 MW by end 2018. The annual growth in capacity last year was just 1 per cent, which was the lowest since 2009. It is estimated that about 35 hydel power projects of 12,000 MW are under construction at various stages, but at least half of them worth over 6,000 MW have been stalled due to many issues from environmental issues to local protest, land acquisition and funding. Expanding the electricity user base in the country is constantly taken as a ground for pushing hydropower, as around 280 million in India do not have access to electricity. But these grid connected hydropower projects never benefit the local populations. In any case, such large hydropower projects are not the best way to make electricity accessible to those that do not have access currently. The protests of locals trying to safeguard their villages and livelihoods and the concerns of environmentalists are quelled in the name of the greater ‘national interest’. Recently Himachal Pradesh, has been marked as the ‘Power state’ with a good potential to produce electric energy. The pressure is not just to make electric power, but to make clean power with good technology use which is less damaging and more environmental friendly. The protests in a number of localities of study area have indicated that these projects are damaging livelihood and environment in different ways.