SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

6572-6581

Authors: Pratibha Sharma & Pragati Saxena

IN MARATHI

6591-6604

Authors: Charudatta Achyut Gandhe

NA

6616-6623

Authors: Shankar Chatterjee

The self-help group (SHG) is a powerful instrument to empower economically backward women of rural India as the women members under the SHG not only can earn income but they feel empowered also. With the launching of Swarnajaynti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India from April 1999, subsequently rechristened as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) self-help group approach (SHG) has been given utmost importance in India for the development of rural women mainly focusing on below poverty line households. SHG concept is popular in many rural areas of India as through economic development and subsequently empowering, rural women have got a solid platform. This research article has discussed the how rural women after forming SHGs in Ranga Reddy district (R.R. District) of Telangana were not only earning and contributing to the family but felt empowered also. The study was carried out at Gandipet village of Gandipet Mandal, Ranga Reddy (R.R.) district in September 2017. The some women members of 10 different SHGs were contacted and few individual cases are presented here.

6631-6635

Authors: Meenu Kumari

The present study highlights the weakness and strengthens of Tika Ram College of Education Library. Users are the mirror of any library, we may see the face of any library through users. For this study researcher distributed total 220 questionnaires to different categories of users and got back 187 (85%) filled questionnaires. Present study also highlights the behavior of users in searching their required material and evaluation of library services.

6641-6645

Authors: Shimimol P. S & Hassan Koya M. P

Cognitive dissonance is a theory originally developed by Leon Festinger. He is proposing that dissonance, which is the existence of non fitting relations among cognition, is a motivating factor in its own right. This motivating factor encourages the learner to be more self confident in his actions or conclusions and distinguish between correct and incorrect solutions. This motivation will lead to reach the correct decision about a particular problem. The study aims to find out the relationship between cognitive dissonance and achievement in Mathematics among higher secondary school students. Cognitive dissonance was measured by using Cognitive Dissonance Scale developed by the investigator. The sample consists of 100 higher secondary school students from Malappuram districts. The study reveals that cognitive dissonance and achievement in mathematics is significantly related.

6652-6656

Authors: Sanjiw Kumar Manjre

SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper.

6667-6682

Authors: Jasim Ahmad

Men and women are the two driving wheels of society; both depend on each other. In the ancient, medieval and pre-modern periods the societies remained patriarchal in nature. Modern and postmodern society has brought sea changes in the perception of men towards women. Now women hold a better position, respect and dignity. Women have proved, through various examples that they can work rubbing shoulders with men in all walks of life. This progression has created the demand for equal educational opportunities to men and women. As women carry a dual role of homemakers as well as professionals, they are placed in a more important position to be the center of gravity of the family. Due to this remarkable significance, education of girls has become more important. Reaching out to each and every girl child is central to the efforts of universalizing elementary education. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) or „Education for All‟ (EFA) Programme recognizes that ensuring girl‟s education requires changes, not only in the education system of the state, but also in societal attitudes. The Present paper discusses the status and prospects of girls‟ education in the four districts of Uttar Pradesh (India) in the light of schemes launched under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), implemented in the entire country in 2001.

6692-6697

Authors: Arvind Kr. Gill & Kusum

NA

6707-6711

Authors: G. Balaji

Even though government proposed many policies, the higher secondary schools students face many problems, particularly the students of ST higher secondary schools located in rural areas, students face many problems, to get their higher secondary education and those problems are focused on various aspects such as Environmental, Economical, Familial, Social and School. All these aspects are considered as basic factors which influence the various problems of ST students studying in schools located in rural areas. If downtrodden groups ST students problems are to be solved, their problems must be first identified and then teachers, parents, government and social agencies must show much attention on student’s problems so that their educational status may be enhanced. The problems free students will be pioneer for the future student’s development. If the downtrodden groups of ST student’s problems are not recognized by the government and school authorities, there is a possibility of devastating the young student’s life and thereby they may enter in antisocial activities/delinquent activities in the society and schools. Moreover, if adolescent ST students don’t have educational awareness, their illiteracy, ignorance and illegal, social and moral activities will be transmitted to the younger generation and that will affect the development of the society at some extent. Therefore, it is the need of the how to identify their problems in all aspects and these problems must be solved by the authorities for their social, moral, educational and economical developments.

6719-6741

Authors: Rege K, Ingle H, Mallya S, Qureshi J & Shah V

AIDS is an illness that damages a person‘s ability to fight off disease, leaving the body open to attack from ordinarily innocuous infections and some forms of cancers. AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV, which stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus infects certain types of white blood cells. People infected with HIV may have no symptoms for ten or more years. They may not know they are infected. The objectives of the study was to ascertain the knowledge and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS in terms of: i) meaning ii) reasons iii) symptoms iv) precautions v) role of media vi) treatment and therapy vii) stigma and discrimination viii) challenges and strategies to overcome challenges among the age group of 25-35 years among married and never married males and females. The sample consisted of 120 participants (30 married men, 30 married women, 30 never married men, and 30 never married women) ages 25-35 years. Most of the participants belonged to nuclear family (49.2%) hailed from various religions, such as Hindu (48%); Jain (34.2%). Most participants were graduates (42%) and a few, post graduate (32%). More of the participants were professionals (28.3%) and a few in businesses (25%). The self-constructed tool was divided into two categories a) Proforma [18 introductory questions, such as gender family type] and b) knowledge and awareness related 9 items such as, meaning, reasons, symptoms regarding HIV/AIDS. Results revealed that a little more than one third of the total participants indicated the meaning of term AIDS, as a disease and disorder such as a sexual disorder and a few stated the meaning of term HIV as a disease, such as, sexual disease, and illness. Almost all mentioned about unprotected sex with person suffering from HIV/AIDS, a substantial majority also stated of blood transfusion as a reason. A large majority also stated of reused syringes/injections, blade/razor or any sharp thing. A majority of the participants mentioned about recurring fever, chills and night sweat; most of them also mentioned about sore throat when asked about the symptoms in HIV/AIDS affected patient. A substantial majority stated that always use new, disposable needle, syringes and razor blades, almost the same number of participants indicated using contraceptives correctly and consistently; and avoid multiple sexual partners when asked about precautions to be taken to avoid HIV/AIDS. Only a few participants knew about breast feeding cannot be done by HIV positive woman. Most of the participants indicated that media provides awareness knowledge, impart education and enhances information when asked about the role of media in creating awareness of HIV/AIDS. Some of the participants stated that the patients need to have clinical guidance. Most of participants mentioned about social-stigma such as out-casting, discrimination, etc. when asked about challenges faced by the individual suffering from HIV/AIDS. In relation to challenges faced by the families living with HIV/AIDS infected individual a few of the participants mentioned about negative image and social stigma. A large majority of the participants had knowledge on the reasons that causes/spreads HIV/AIDS, symptoms, precautions, about the role of media, stigma or discrimination towards individual infected with HIV/AIDS.

6754-6764

Authors: Manpreet Kaur

Parts of the human family, persons with disabilities are as much entitled to human rights and fundamental freedom as anyone else. The conventions for persons with disabilities are the harbinger of social justice and adaptive development for the disabled, enhance knowledge for the society and national wealth in different countries of the world. The United Nations declared 1981 as the International Year of Disabled Persons, and adopted the World Program of Action concerning Disabled Persons (1982). United Nations also declared the Decade (1983-1992) as decade of Disabled Persons. Since then, the attention towards the disabled people and the need to promote their welfare came into the forefront. These initiatives provided the inherent dignity, worth and the equal and inalienable rights to the disabled. The paper reviews comprehensively the conventions incorporated in international legislation for persons with disability. All the authentic information has been analyzed and compiled. Hence, the paper investigates and summarizes the conventions initiated and implemented at the international level for the persons with disabilities.

6773-6785

Authors: Balbir singh Jamwal

In this research paper an attempt has been made to find out the significant relationship and difference between professional commitment and Teachers in terms of selected important aspects. For this study, the researcher has consulted various conducted studies and has made healthy discussion with Heads, Teachers and students even educationists of the society. The results reveal that there are significant relationships between professional commitment and teachers in terms of mostly aspects. The results reveal that there are significant differences between professional commitment and teachers in terms of few aspects.on the basis of conducted studies and sharing experiences it can be said that there is positive relationship between professional commitment and teachers. If professional commitment will be high then teaching will effective.

6794-6810

Authors: Rajeev Kaushal

The process of teaching and learning encompasses the Teacher and the Learners as its indispensable elements, in which the former imparts knowledge, attitudes, values, interests and skills to the latter by means of communication which is put to effect by way of what is known as Teaching method. The teacher by way of his or her own behavior (teaching) brings about desirable change (s) in the behavior of pupils (learning) according to some pre-determined objectives formulated as per the curriculum designed. Alternatively it can be said that this change is brought about by different methods of teaching. Suffice it to say, Teaching methods are the sine qua non of teaching-learning process. It is not that the teaching methods have been in use recently or since remote past but these have been in vogue since the dawn of education in this mundane world. However the methods kept gradually evolving over the period of time the manifestations of which are evident in the form of paradigm shifts in Pedagogy in the current scenario. Alternatively, the destination (modification of behavior) is the same but the journey has been made different. The present paper throws light on the different teaching methods prevalent in Ancient India besides highlighting the relevance of those very methods in the current educational scenario and giving valuable suggestions pertaining to the use of same in pre-service and in-service education programme.

6821-6831

Authors: Maloth Raghu Ram

Pharmacy sector is one of the growing sectors in the Indian economy.This indicates huge potential for growth. The present study attempts to analyze the liquidity and short-term solvency position of the select pharmaceutical companies in India, in termsof current ratio, liquid ratio and absolute liquid ratio for the period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017. For the study five companies have been selected based on top market capitalization. The study found that the current ratio of Cipla Ltd.,Lupin Ltd. and Piramal Enterprise Ltd. are holding more current assets compare to standard norms 2:1 ratio andthe liquid ratio of Cipla Ltd. and Lupin Ltd. are maintaining more than the rule of 1:1. But the absolute liquid ratio of all companies is belowthe standard norms of 1:2. It can be conclude that the liquidity position of the select firmsare not satisfactory. The findings of the study provides insights into the financial health of the select pharmaceutical companies in India.

6843-6859

Authors: Neeraj Aggarwal & Mr. Kumar Satyam

Uttarakhand is a state with high potential of tourist attractions.Being very near to the national capital New Delhi, it catches the attention of the visitors from around the country to get a break from their schedule. The cities in this state are equipped with hospitality points, which even diplomatically force the guest to stay for a longer. In a recent time, after getting the status of tourism state, plenty of the hotels and resorts have emerged with their brand and name. Few of the international hotels also have settled their properties in Uttarakhand to grab the opportunity. It also helps to reduce skill-drains from the state, as it is well known that the state has best level of hospitality skills.The existing hotels of Uttarakhand have different practices regarding recruitment of employees. Many of the hotels throughout country have the employees or work force from Garhwal and Kumaun region almost in all departments at different level. The people from Uttarakhand even don‟t want to escape from their home state. But the ultimate situation is different. In this research paper, therewould an emphasis on the HR strategies for recruitment of employees and its impact on employee- retention in hospitality industry of Garhwal and Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. The data would be collected from the employees of three stars and above category of hotels through the questionnaire; and then analysis will come out with the conclusion that why there is employee retention problem in study area.

6860-6871

Authors: Reni Francis

Today success is not merely found in one’s natural ability but in the continuous development of those abilities. A mindset is a belief about oneself and one’s basic qualities. According to Dweck, there are two different types of mindsets–fixed and growth. A person who has a fixed mindset (entity theory of intelligence) believes that their qualities such as intelligence, creativity and talent are predetermined and finite, fixed traits. On the other hand, a person with a growth mindset (incremental theory of intelligence) believes that their basic abilities can continue to be developed through hardwork and dedication. This paper focuses on igniting abilities through various growth mindset activities that will enable the secondary school students to realise their abilities and provide an environment that values challenge seeking learning and effort above perfection. It focuses on nurturing natural ability that leads to success.

6877-6885

Authors: Anupam Bansal

NA

6892-6900

Authors: Girase M. S., Gaikwad V. B. & Patil S. N.

From various natural sources on skim milk agar plates 51protease producer bacteria wereisolated by primary screening. Secondary screening was done by zone of clearanceformed by cell free broth on gelatin agar plates. From diameter of zone of clearance potent protease best protease producers Vibrio metschnikovii strain Xmb 057 was isolated. It was biochemically characterized by performing some common biochemical tests. Effect of temperature and pH on protease by Vibrio metschnikovii strain Xmb 057 was studied. Optimum temperature and pH was 500C and 9 respectively make it suitable to be used in leather and detergent industry. Protease was tolerant to Ca++ and Mg++ which suggest its activity in detergents used even in hard water.

6913-6918

Authors: Mrs. Neetu khokhar

The purpose of present investigation is to study the availability of student support services for inclusive education in govt. and non govt. schools. The study was conducted on 50 schools of both types in sonipat distt.of Haryana. Self constucted questionnaire was used for this investigation. t-two tail test assuming equal variances was used for the purpose of ananysis the data the difference between the availability of student support services( physical /infrastructure, madical, teching and evaluation ) in govt and non-govt schools is found to be significant.

6931-6940

Authors: Vrinda Vijayan & V. P. Joshith

Teacher preparation programs involve face-to-face (f2f) and online modes of delivery. Although the face-to-face learning environments are often complex and unpredictable, we are very familiar with them and have developed high levels of skill in working in these environments. The skills, strategies, and techniques that we so effectively use in face-to-face learning environments may not work well in online learning and vice-versa. Despite the pervasiveness of online learning in higher education, this delivery mode has yet to receive similar quality status of F2F learning. Long standing beliefs that F2F training as the only viable option continues to dominate teacher education. Central to determining the effectiveness of technology to support learning and the value of technology-mediated instruction is the quality of programs. edTPA (Educative Teacher Performance Assessment) is a widely accepted, national measure of teacher readiness and preparation. Using edTPA scorecards, teacher candidates’ efficiency can be evaluated after the completion of teacher education program in traditional face to face (F2F) and online mode. This article focuses that online may be a more effective and adept program delivery platform for preparing educators for planning for instruction and assessing student learning outcomes.

6946-6950

Authors: B. P. Singh

Rapid technological advances in the last two decades have sparked educational practioners' interest in utilizing technological devices as an instructional tool to improve student learning. There is substantial evidence that using technology as an instructional tool enhances student learning and educational outcomes. A comparative study on two sections of students of class 9th of Bhiwani (Haryana) district was conducted to see effect of technology in teaching learning process of science. Self made achievement test on science was administered on both the sections. One section was instructed normally while other instructed through the use of technology. The data were analyzed to get mean S.D and t-value. Findings are: (i) the students instructed through the use of technology have better academic achievement. (ii) students become active participant and develop problem solving attitude. (iii) science concept become more clear and retain in the mind of the students for longer time.

6955-6961

Authors: Anoop Kumar Singh

IN MARATHI

6970-6975

Authors: Emilda Josephine & Vijayalakshmi. S

India has become a favorite destination for Education globally. Schools face a lot of pressure in trying to be in par with the standards of these countries. This encumbrance falls on the shoulders of the School administrators. They have to correlate with the teaching faculty, non-teaching staff, parents and teachers in order to operate in the direction of the better functioning of the school. Objectives of the study are: To find out the significant difference between men and women , school administrators in their presentation skill and machiavellianism. To find out the significant difference in school administrator in presentation skill and machiavellianism with respect to the type of school and also the correlation between skill and Machiavellianism. Hypotheses are formulated on the basis of framed objectives. Survey method was followed in this study to collect data with 42 school administrators. Result shows the significance difference between male and female, government, aided and private school administrators in their presentation skill and Machiavellianism.

6987-6992

Authors: Rajwinder Kaur & Arshdeep Kaur

School is an institution where talents are nurtured. Therefore it becomes very important to continuously revise and introduce such measures and schemes which will impact the mind, character and physical ability of the learner. Indian education is moving from summative to a continuous evaluation system. This study is an attempt to find out the challenges faced by secondary school teachers in carrying out CCE. The sample consisted of 100 government and private school teachers and random sampling technique was used for the collection of data. The results of the study revealed regarding the challenges. The teachers are not adequately prepared for the effective execution of CCE in schools. Further the study revealed that the major challenges faced by the school teachers in the execution of CCE were increased volume of work, disturbance in classes, difficult in implementation, time consuming, financial difficulties, lack of adequate infrastructure and teaching materials.

7003-7008

Authors: Anurag Asija

NA

7014-7020

Authors: J. Navaneetha Krishnan & P. Paul Devanesan

The major aim of teaching Mathematics is to develop problem solving skill among the students. This article aims to find out the problem solving strategies and to test the students’ ability in using these strategies to solve problems. Using sample survey method, four hundred students were taken for this investigation. Students’ achievement in solving problems was tested for their Identification and Application of Problem Solving Strategies as a major finding, thirty one percent of the students’ achievement in mathematics is contributed by Identification and Application of Problem Solving Strategies.

7028-7031

Authors: V. Madhavi

When we are working on a computer, the information goes into short term memory. Unless we deliberately save the data onto long term storage, it is lost very quickly. The method we use to save new information that is presented to us determines that we most likely will retrieve it in the future. Similarly the concepts that are explained to the students have to be sent to their long term memory, i.e the abstract has to be made into the concrete form. This is possible by using ICT in classroom situation for making a merry in understanding the concepts if the school education and life. The usage of ICT will not only enhance learning environment but also prepare, next generation for future lives and career as said by Wheeler.

7037-7039

Authors: V. Madhavi

International co-operation among governmental and non-governmental, regional and interregional organizations can play a very important role in supporting the move towards inclusive schools. Based on past experience in this area, international organizations, intergovernmental and non-governmental as well as bilateral donor agencies, could consider joining forces in implementing the following strategic approaches. Technical assistance should be directed to strategic fields of intervention with a multiplier effect, especially in developing countries. One important task for international co-operation is to support the launching of pilot projects aimed at trying out new approaches and at capacity building.

7049-7059

Authors: Aijaz Ahmad Ganie & M.S. Rathor

The sources of history and literature witnessed that few people on the name of religion divided the subcontinent and created severe problems in all regions of the subcontinent that people still are facing even after seventy years of partition. If we go through the pages of Indian History and Partition Literature many admirable characters will come alive in front of us. About numerous events and disasters we can learn from the books of historians and literary giants who portrayed all the situations, disasters and predicaments faced by the people before, during and after partition. Partition of India is still a darkest period in the history of subcontinent and it has left indelible marks on the pages of Indian history. Many writers have attempted to represent the trauma of partition skilfully through their writings. Britishers before leaving the subcontinent tried to break the unity of religions on the name of partition, many people were shocked as they were aware about the consequences of this division. After partition, the people who earlier were friends, neighbours, colleagues were labelled as Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians and became thirsty of each others’ blood. They acted as savages; they forgot the respect for elders and women, love towards children. To represent the people who on the name of religion killed millions of precious lives, many writers of the Indian subcontinent produced a literature called Partition Literature. The partition led to huge movements and disastrous conflicts across Indo-Pak border. About ten million Hindus and Sikhs were expelled from Pakistan and nearly seven million Muslims from India to Pakistan and thousands of people were killed in this conflict. Though, independence for Indian subcontinent was an event of celebration, but it was celebrated in the shape of mourning, tears, separation, exile, crying, bloodshed, abduction, rape, murder etc. India was the one of the largest colonies of Great Britain and was granted freedom after a long period of subjugation, however resulted into the partition of country which caused a big destruction to the subcontinent in the form of ethnic and religious riots. This paper aims to explore the voice of people and their plight, who badly suffered during the cataclysmic event of partition.

7070-7074

Authors: V. Madhavi

In order to understand the segregation, integration and strategies for developing inclusive schools, it is also important to understand the historical context in which these changes are located. The educational policy of India was defined and redefined in many ways during the British rule and after gaining Independence. Some of the significant milestones for developments that informally supported education for all are outlined here

7086-7093

Authors: Ms. Megha D’souza & Shefali Pandya

Education is a potent force in developing a child into skilled, effective, productive and law-abiding citizen. It is therefore imperative that the environment for the education of the child is conducive and congenial for his growth and development. The aim of the study was to compare students‟ preferences for learning environment on the basis of School Types. The study adopted the descriptive method of the Casual – Comparative type. The sample comprised of 574 standard VIII English medium students from schools. The tools used for the study were Preferred Learning Environment Scale by Fraser (1996) and Hemisphericity Dominance Test by Venkataraman. ANOVA and „t‟ test was used to compare students‟ preference for learning environment on the basis of hemisphericity and gender respectively. The findings are discussed in detail in the paper.

8000-8007

Authors: Rachna Sharma

The main work of education is to check class conflict and class-war by popularizing in the public such ideas which may bring about unity in society where the problem of national integration is the most important because of differences of caste, creed, language, etc. Indian society is a multiculturalists society, consists of diverse castes, creeds, religions and languages which are best with many social evils and harmful traditions. Even after 68 years of independence many social evils and harmful traditions still exist in our country. We can mention a case of Mirchpur Village of Hisar district (HR.), showing such social evil in this era of globalization and modernization. This research is an initiative to assess the educational and social change after Mirchpur Carnage and to bring awareness among students and teachers to eliminate such evils from our society. The survey method of descriptive research was followed and an opinionnaire was developed by the investigator as a tool to collect data. A sample of 80 students and 20 teachers of senior secondary level in Mirchpur Village were selected through purposive sampling technique. Result reveals positive educational and social changes among the students and teachers of Mirchpur village of Hisar district.

8018-8026

Authors: Gopinath P. Dapke, Vishal V. Awasarmol , Siddheshwar D. Raut , Pravina P. Pawar

In this paper, we have been calculated and measured the attenuation cross section parameters of some shape memory alloys in the energy range 122 keV to 1330 keV. From the present study, it is observed that there is good agreement between experimental and theoretical values and the variation of obtained values of all parameters strongly depends on the photon energy; it decreases or increases due to chemical composition and density of the sample material. All samples have been studied extensively using WinXCOM program and transmission curve shows that the variation of all sample materials initially decreases with increasing photon energy. The present study can be useful in radiation therapy, medical, aerospace, robotics, engineering and many technological applications.

8039-8051

Authors: Muia Masaku Peter, David M. Mulwa & Francis B. Mutua

Kenya Vision 2030 points out education and training as an instrument to develop Kenya to be a middle-income economy. Family backgrounds have been highlighted as of great importance in molding the performance of children in schools worldwide. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of family based factors on the academic performance of students in Machakos sub-county, Machakos County. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study useda proportionate stratified random sampling method to settle on the sample size. Data was collected by use of questionnaires for students. The data wasanalyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as regression and the Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient were used. The analysed data was presented using frequency tables, charts and figures. The findings were that family socio-economic status, parent’s marital status and parent’s level of education influenced students’ academic performance in that order. The information obtained from the study would be of great importance to parents, school management and the researcher doing research on a similar field.

8063-8069

Authors: Mani Arora

Financial situation or financial status of any family can be assured by various factors like debt to income ratio or savings to cover an unexpected expense or emergency. But when it comes to rural sector, these financial status only means the present expenditure because for all the needs they majorly depends on which will results into higher debt to income ratio.Habit of spending is directly related to financial status and income of the family. But attractive easy instalments plan, no down payment options and take now pay later has all made online shopping a tempting things which everyone wants. E-commerce has made this debt purchasing much more than expected. As the behavioural economics says that pain of paying restricts the customers to purchase the unwanted things as they feel pain while paying cash from pocket but when it comes to online shopping, this pain of paying disappears and customers tend to purchase tempting and unwanted things thereby affecting their financial status. Earlier ICT were the concept of urban & rich but as internet & computers have reached to every now & then online shopping is also becoming much popular in rural areas also. This online shopping system has its own significance .Presently paper evaluates the [reason & future prospects of online shopping of the rural India where people hardly believe in virtual objects.

8076-8082

Authors: Ms. Simerjeet Kaur, Usha Kothari & Mrs. Karanjeet kaur

India is a country of rich culture, history and heritage. It is a major producer and supplier of handicrafts product since ancient age. It earned a potential economic advantage for the country. In India Rajasthan is often called the “shopper’s paradise.” It become popular in livestock craftsmen, her usually created various kinds of innovative and artistic leather craft later on Jaipur, Jodhpur, Jaiselmer, Udaipur & Barmer developed as center of leather craft such as “Nagri” “Mojari” “Jutti” and become famous for “Salmasitra” and “Kashidakar”,. The jutti (Punjabi: ਜ ੁੱ ਤੀ) or Punjabi Jutti (Punjabi: ਪੰ ਜਾਬੀ ਜ ੁੱ ਤੀ) is a type of footwear common in North India and neighbouring regions. They are traditionally made up of leather and with extensive embroidery, in real gold and silver thread in olden days. In current budget (2017-18) finance minister has declared it would be based on the scheme relating to textile announced last year. He said we have started an attractive scheme for textile sector. New scheme would be brought for leather & footwear sector. In June, 2016 a scheme with an outlay of 6000 corer was started for apparel &textile sector by Govt. New jobs would be generated in next three years. It would attract an investment of 11 billion dollar & export of about 30 billion dollars. Leather footwear may pinch under GST as prices likely to rise 5 to 7%. The purpose GST rates may push up prices of footwear across categories, while leather as a segment is most likely to be hit due to high rates. The GST rates council meeting, chaired by finance minister Arun Jaitly said categorised footwear into two tax slabs like those priced below Rs500 will be taxed at 5%, while others will be taxed 18%. According to CFLA (Council for Footwear, Leather and Accessories) expecting a potential price rise of 5 %to 7% in leather segment. There might not much change in non leather prices but overall, there is a huge disappointment in the industry, adding that the industry was expecting a lower slab rate.

8092-8099

Authors: Tushar M. Patil

In the above article, it appears that the use of library networking equipments co-partnership is being done in modern libraries in various forms. In the field of library; chiefly; in order to do copartnership use of library networking. Its reason is that there is a large scale growth in reading aids, grooming prices of publications, various types of demands of the readers decreasing manpower, that’s why, traditional libraries have turned to library co-operation, co-partnership; and at creation of library networking and its visual form means the growth taking place in the network of libraries. In this changing ambience; library networking is imparting its suitable initiative.