The International Journal of Indian Psychology

6

Authors: Ankit Chauhan1, Poonam Sharma2

The American Commission on Teacher Education rightly observes, "The quality of a nation depends upon the quality of its citizens. The quality of its citizens depends not exclusively, but in critical measure upon the quality of their education, the quality of their education depends more than upon any single factor, upon the quality of their teachers." With changing patterns of education delivery from face to face to online, course content, nature of learner, and organizational structures, the concept of quality has become an inherent component of the educational process for its success. Globally various bodies have been established to develop guidelines for quality products and services, and their maintenance. The globalization of education, migration of students from one community to other, one country to another, provides adequate causes for concerns to the educationists and administrations. Total Quality Management (TQM) in education is a timely tool, which must be clearly understood, adopted and implemented as soon as possible.

7

Authors: Sisodia Devendra Singh1

The elderly population is large in general and growing due to advancement of health care education. These people are faced with numerous physical, psychological and social role changes that challenge their sense of self and capacity to live happily. Many people experience loneliness and depression in old age, either as a result of living alone or due to lack of close family ties and reduced connections with their culture of origin, which results in an inability to actively participate in the community activities. With advancing age, it is inevitable that people lose connection with their friendship networks and that they find it more difficult to initiate new friendships and to belong to new networks. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationships among depression, loneliness and sociability in elderly people. This study was carried out on 55 elderly people (both men and women). The tools used were Beck Depression Inventory, UCLA Loneliness Scale and Sociability Scale by Eysenck. Results revealed a significant relationship between depression and loneliness. Most of the elderly people were found to be average in the dimension of sociability and preferred remaining engaged in social interactions. The implications of the study are discussed in the article.

7

Authors: Trupti Ambalal Chandaliya1

The main purpose of this research was to effect the self-actualization among college students. The total sample consisted of 320-college students selected randomly from various college of Rajkot district. The research tool for self-actualization was measured by Dr. K. N. Sharma self-actualization inventory (SEAI) was used. Here „F‟ test was applied to check the significance difference of college students. The study revealed that there was significant difference between male and female of college students. It was observed that the male college students less self-actualization than female college students.

8

Authors: Mohd. Ahamar Khan1

The aim of this study was to find out the relationship between social support and life satisfaction among adolescents. The sample consisted of N=80 participants. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) developed by Zimet et al. (1988) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLF) prepared by Diener et al. (1985), were used to collect the data. The Simple Linear Regression and Pearson Correlation were used for data analyses. The findings of this study revealed that, there is positive and significant relationship between social support and life satisfaction of adolescents. Further this study indicates that social support influences life satisfaction of adolescents. This study may have its own significance in managing psychological distress and optimizing life satisfaction to adolescents at large.

9

Authors: Hena Khan1

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It is a disease of human system in which body‟s normal defense system breaks down. Immune –activation has emerged as a critical factor distinguishing pathogenic immunodeficiency virus infections – such as HIV infection. The level of social support given to an individual during a health crisis has been documented to have a profound impact on a person‟s physical and psychological well-being. The capacity to cope and feel competent is referred to as resilience. Psychological resilience refers to an individual‟s capacity to withstand stressors and manifest psychological dysfunction, such as mental illness or persistent negative mood. This study examines the effect of hardiness dimensions of commitment, challenge and control as resilience factors and social support on immune-activation among persons with symptomatic HIV disease and AIDS. The study has been conducted at ART Centre Department of Medicine, S.S. Hospital Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. Total samples of 40 HIV positive people in the age range of 21 to 55 years have been taken for the study. Dispositional Resilience (Hardiness) Scale is a self- report scale that is designed to measures three major component of hardiness (control, commitment and challenge) constructed by Bartone, P.T.(1989) and Multidimensional scale of social support constructed by Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet and Farlay (1988) were administered on the sample. The finding indicated that HIV positive people having high hardiness, gain more social support and their Immune-activation has been found also in increased level.

11

Authors: Sukhminder Kaur1, Suman Verma2

Child abuse is a social problem which varies from family to family in different cultures and societies. It has indelible effects on physical and psychological wellbeing of a child. The present study was carried out in India on a sample of 310 abused adolescents identified from a larger sample of 1000 from six rural locations using a Personal Information Sheet, a Self-structured Assessment Performa relating to abuse and a Socio-economic Status Scale. Analysis of Variance and t-Test were used to analyze the data. Inferences of the study revealed high prevalence of abuse in the low socio-economic status families. Girls experienced more of emotional abuse irrespective of their socio-economic status. No significant differences in the abuse experienced by younger and older adolescents were recorded in low and middle class families; however the younger adolescents experienced more abuse in high socio-economic status families.

12

Authors: Zeinab Hamzeheil1, Hossein Aghili2 , Amirmohammad Mahabadi3, Soraya teimoori 4,Roghaye Hakimian5 ,Pedram Iranmanesh6

Background: Nowadays dentistry has been discussed in the most of the studies as a challenge and stressful fields. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the stress level of Dental clinic Students and its related factors in the two different periods of time with 5-years interval times. Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytic cross sectional study was done at the two different periods of times and their results were compared. A questionnaire was given to the all dental clinic students in the middle of the academic term for the 2005-2006 and 2010-2011 years. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software and consisted of descriptive, chi-square, student t-test and Anova (using Tukey, post Hock comparison and linear regression) Results: Statistical population of this descriptive-analytic cross sectional study consisted of 124 clinical students included 74females and 50 males (P=0.031)in the first step and 100 students included 61females and 39males(P=0.028)in second assess. Overall the main stress factors were qualification created by professors of the departments, oral medicine department, exams and grades, restorative department, orthodontic department, large volume of educational materials. Conclusion: Dentistry and specially it education is a stressful experience and we should try to create a calm environment without the additional stress.

19 to 25

Authors: Masaud Ansari1

An attempt was made to study impact of Emotional Maturity on Stress among Undergraduate students. The sample of the study was selected by using the purposive sampling technique. The sample consisted of 150; participant’s age range was 18 to 20 years. Emotional Maturity Scale constructed by Yashvir Singh and Mahesh Bhargava (2005) and Stress questionnaire developed by Latha and Satish (1997), was used for data collection. The Simple Linear Regression was used to determine the Correlation as well as Coefficient between Emotional Maturity and Stress among undergraduate students. The findings of the study revealed that a significant impact of Emotional Maturity was found on Stress among undergraduate students. There was also found significant negative correlation between Emotional Maturity and Stress. The result revealed that, when emotional maturity increases stress decreases and when emotional maturity decreases stress increases.

32 to 42

Authors: Dr Rejani T.G1

Drug use and abuse among adolescence is a major issue in a society. Studies have tried to determine the origins and pathways of drug abuse and addiction—how the problem starts and how it progresses. . Many factors have been identified that help differentiate those more likely to abuse drugs from those less vulnerable to drug abuse. Factors associated with greater potential for drug abuse are called ―risk‖ factors, while those associated with reduced potential for abuse are called ―protective‖ factors (NIDA, 1997).Studies have reported various risk factors associated with drug use among adolescents such as early aggressive behavior, disinhibition, peer pressure, drug availability, poverty, substance abuse, lack of parental supervision, attitude towards drug use and intentions to use drugs, negative family atmosphere, school difficulties and psychopathology (Wong, Tang and Schwarzer,1996 ; Rumpold et al , 2011). Protective factors such as parental monitoring and peer support were found to be associated with less drug abuse (Vitaro, Tremblay and Zoccolillo, 1999; Eggert and Herting, 1991). The potential impact of specific risk and protective factors changes with age and can affect people of all groups, these factors can have a different effect depending on a person‘s age, gender, ethnicity, culture, and environment (Moon et al. 1999; Kumpfer et al. 1998). This review would focus on the various risks and protective factors related to drug use among adolescents under the domain of individual, family, peer, school and community.