Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control

92-93

Authors: S. Aslam, N. Khalid

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96-103

Authors: M.A.R. Khan, M.S. Islam, M.S.A. Mamun

Background: Among the local fish species in Bangladesh, Labeo rohita and Barbonymus gonionotus are two popular fish species. The present work focused on proximate compositions (moisture, protein, fat, and ash) and risk assessment of lead in two common fishes (L. rohita and B. gonionotus) collected from river and farms of Bagerhat, Bangladesh. Furthermore, effect of freezing condition on fish lipid was studied. Methods: Proximate compositions of the fish samples were determined according to conventional methods. The lead contents were analyzed by wet digestion method using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The health risks models such as Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Target Cancer Risk (TCR) were conducted for health risk assessment of the local people. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0). Results: A positive correlation was found between moisture-protein and lipid-ash of the L. rohita fish. Besides, a positive relation was observed in ash-moisture, and lipid-protein for B. gonionotus. The lead content in river L. rohita, farm L. rohita, river B. gonionotus, and farm B. gonionotus was observed as 9.00, 9.20, 8.29, and 6.39 mg/kg, respectively. The lead content found in the fish species were above the permissible limit. The TCR revealed the carcinogenic effects to the local people due to exposure of lead. Conclusion: This study reflects some data about proximate values of L. rohita and B. gonionotus fishes. The concentrations of lead in the fish samples were above the safe limits, and may have carcinogenic effects of the local consumers in Bagerhat, Bangladesh.

112-118

Authors: S.S. Nyirenda, K.M. Bukowa, W.R. Banda, J. Mbewe, F. Hamankolo, F. Banda, G. Kwenda, M. Mumba, E. Zulu

Background: Consumption of raw or unhygienically prepared vegetables is a potential source of parasitic infection. This study aimed to establish the prevalence and types of intestinal parasites on the freshly sold vegetables at the market. Methods: Totally, 95 vegetable samples were randomly procured from vendors at Lusaka City market (Zambia). The samples were examined for parasitic contamination using floatation and sedimentation methods. Data were analyzed using Epi Info version 7.2.4.0. Results: The overall parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables was 35.8% (34 out of 95). The highest parasitic contamination rate was found in Chinese cabbage with 7.4% (7 out of 95), followed by rape with 6.3% (6 out of 95), chilli with 5.3% (5 out of 95), pigweed with 5.3% (5 out of 95), pumpkin leaves with 5.3% (5 out of 95), tomatoes with 4.2% (4 out of 95), and cabbage with 2.1% (2 out of 95). There was a significant (p=0.001) statistically difference between the type of vegetables and the presence of the parasites. The identified helminths had different prevalence rates, including Taenia spp. with 9.5%, Trichuris trichuria with 5.3%, Ascaris lumbricoides with 3.2%, Clonorchis sinensis with 2.1%, Diphyllobothrium latum with 2.1%, Paragonimus westermani with 2.1%, and Strongyloides stercoralis with 2.1%. Also, Giardia lamblia with 24.2% and Balantidium coli with 4.2% were the protozoan parasites identified. Conclusion: This study showed that some vegetables sold at the Lusaka City market (Zambia) were a potential source of parasitic infections for local consumers. G. lamblia was the most prevalent parasite found in the vegetable samples.

125-130

Authors: M.M. Soltan Dallal, H. Abdolmaleki, R. Ramazanzadeh , R. Mazaheri Nezhad Fard

Background: When animal manures are used, food products may include pathogenic bacteria, especially Escherichia coli. The major aim of the current study was to investigate TEM (blaTEM) and SHV beta-lactamase (blaSHV) genes in E. coli isolated from strawberry samples in Sanandaj, Iran. Methods: In this study, 150 strawberry samples were collected from farms (traditional), greenhouses, and packages in Sanandaj, Iran. E. coli contamination was done using routine culture methods. Then, isolates were investigated for Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production and blaTEM or blaSHV genes using phenotypic and genotypic methods, respectively. Results: The most susceptibility and resistance of E. coli to antibiotics were related to chloramphenicol and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, respectively. Out of 21 isolates of E. coli, eight were resistant to ceftazidime and cefotaxime; from which, six isolates were ESBL- producer. Furthermore, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis of six ESBL- producing E. coli isolates showed that four isolates included blaTEM gene, while no isolates included blaSHV gene. Conclusion: In this study, multiple antibiotic resistance patterns were seen in E. coli isolates, especially ESBL patterns in E. coli isolated from strawberries produced in Iran.