A Journal of Clinical Dentistry-Heal Talk

1

Authors: Dr. Neha Dubey1, Dr. Priyam Chaturvedi2, Pallavi Pandey3

Fold of tissue or muscle linking lips, cheek, or tongue to the jawbone is termed as frenum.Frenum can also be called frenulum, frenula, frenums. Ankyloglossia or tongue tie, is a congenital abnormality that can be typified by unusually small or tight lingual frenulum that limits the movement of the tongue tip. Although ankyloglossia is not a grave aberration, it can be foundation behind numerous complications such as infant feeding difficulties, speech disorders, and countless social and mechanical issues associated with incompetence of the tongue to protrude. Lingual frenectomy is counseled as a treatment of ankyloglossia. The following paper considers one case of efficacious management of ankyloglossia or tongue tie with the aid of diode laser.

2

Authors: Dr. Rohan Gupta1, Dr. Chirag Tandon2, Dr. Shahebaz Qureshi3, Dr. Pradeep Kumar4

Now days, it has been found that a cluster of social events requiring change in ongoing life adjustment are significantly associated with many periodontal diseases. Similarly, the relationship of what has been called 'life stress,' 'emotional stress,' 'object loss,' etc. and periodontal onset has been demonstrated and is one the main reasons for periodontal diseases. It has been confirmed from studies that this clustering of social or life events achieves etiologic significance as a necessary but not sufficient cause of periodontal disease and accounts in part for the time of onset of disease. Aim: To study association between physiological stress (life stress, emotional stress etc.) and periodontitis. Material and Method: A longitudinal descriptive study by a questionnaire trial was done on 1020 individuals between the age group 20-60 years, during the 3 years of study period. 30 - 40 questions of daily life events were taken as general factors responsible for stress. Gingival and periodontal parameters were recorded and evaluated. Impact of a particular life event was graded according to the Holmes & Rahe stress scale. Findings were recorded and later statistically evaluated to find association with periodontal health of individuals. Result: The frequency distribution method was used in this study. Values were assessed in percentage. On this basis of index interpretation diseased group were 45 % (459) and non-diseased were 55% (561). Total negative scores were 73.3% and positive were 26.5%.Values of different age individuals in diseased group; 20-30 years (38.12%), 31-40 years (11.98%), 41-50 years (32.67%) and 51-60 years (17.21%). Negative value percentage in different age variables; 20-30 years (37.8 %), 31-40 years (18.9%), 41-50 years (24.3%) and 51-60 years (21.6%). Effect of different variables and there negative impact was evaluated; marital reconciliation (59.5 % diseased , 85.7% Negative), change in number of arguments with spouses (69.9% diseased, 80.77% negative ), loan over rupees 100000( 55.55% diseased , 66.66% negative), change in work hour or conditions ( 59.9% diseased , 70% negative), change in recreational habits( 79.5% diseased , 76.3% negative), change in sleeping habits (64.9% diseased ,78.6%) etc. Conclusion: Although there are many other risk factors responsible for onset of periodonitis, but stress is most important among all. Many studies in past have concluded a strong association between stress and periodontitis at different age levels, relationship between stress and host defense mechanism.

2

Authors: Dr. Mohd Rehan1, Dr. Nisha Parveen2

Alveolar Corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment is an effective technique that has shown to reduce longer time required for orthodontic treatment which has gradually led to itsacceptance and popularity as an adjunct to the orthodontic treatment. This technique includes selective alveolar decortication in the form of decortication lines and dots performed around the teeth that are to be moved. It leads to increased tissue turnover and a transient osteopenia, which is followed by a faster rate of orthodontic tooth movement which offers several advantages, including faster tooth movement, shorter treatment time, enhanced post-orthodontic treatment stability and extended envelope of tooth movement. This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature, including historical background, indications, and contraindications along with a case report on Corticotomy.

2

Authors: Dr. Mayank Nagpal

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease which results in inflammation of gingival and adjacent supporting periodontal tissue resulting in hard and soft tissue destruction and tooth loss. The effectiveness of mechanical therapy along with local delivery of antimicrobials has been investigated to overcome the limitation of conventional therapy. These control release antimicrobials are available in various forms like gels, films, fibres etc. The main aim of these local delivery devices is to establish a drug reservoir that maintains effective concentration of the drug at the site of action for longer period of time. The present review approaches the various drugs used for periodontal therapy.

2

Authors: Dr. Indrajit Biswas1, Dr. Saikat Chatterjee2, Dr. Niladri Maiti 3, Dr. Paromita Mazumdar4

Internal root resorption (IRR) is a particular category of pulp disease characterized by the loss of dentine as a result of the action of clastic cells stimulated by pulpal inflammation.The objective of this case report was to account for the diagnosis and management of an internal root resorption without perforation. The patient, a 26-year-old male, came to Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research,West Bengal, without having symptoms in the tooth. Endodontic treatment was performed using the following methods: irrigation of the root canal with 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite, then calcium hydroxide (CH) was applied as intra canal medicament for one month. Complete instrumentation was done with Hyflex One File (Coltene) and obturation with corresponding guta-percha and RoekoGutta flow Bioseal sealer (Coltene) . The patient was checked after one week and then after six months. He did not have any symptoms and IOPA radiograph did not show any further progression of the lesion.

2

Authors: Dr. Amit Thahriani1, Dr. Ranjan Mani Tripathi2, Dr. Amritaksha Bhattacharya3, Dr. Praveen Awasthi4, Dr. Priyank Seth5, Dr. Anoop Kumar Bajpai6

Early detection of cancer is of prime Importance. It helps us to reduce morbidity and mortality. Oral cancer is usually diagnosed when patients already have advanced disease and thus have poor prognosis. Dysplasia may be present in upto 16% of potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL's) & 10% of suspected PMOL's may be malignant at time of diagnosis1,2. Despite the easy accessibility of the oral cavity during physical examination, many malignancies are not diagnosed until late stages of disease. Clinical diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is not difficult when the lesion is obviously invasive or functional limitation is present3. Supravital stain Toluidine Blue (TB) has been used to mark the area for biopsy and to mark the full extent of premalignant lesion. It has been reported that toluidine blue stains premalignant and malignant lesions, but, not the benign lesions and normal mucosa4.Toludine blue,discovered during 1960s, is a basic metachromatic dye of thiazine group that shows affinity for the perinuclear cristernae of DNA and RNA introduced the therapeutic use of tolonium chloride as an i/v anti-heparin agent5. Aims And Objective: To assess the reliability of toluidine blue as clinical screening test, for detection of presence of epithelial dysplasia in oral mucosal lesions. Study Design: Study Group consisted of 56 patients with lesions on the oral buccal mucosa. After rinsing with distilled water and the lesion was swabbed with 1% acetic acid for 30 seconds than with toluidine blue for 20sec, followed by rinsing with distilled water and application of 1% acetic acid for 30sec, again rinsed with distilled water. Biopsy was taken from toludine blue positive lesions and graded for epithelial dysplasia to analyze the role of toludine blue staining in selecting lesions requiring biopsy. Conclusion: Staining with toluidine blue was demonstrated to be highly reliable in the detection of dysplasia because false-negative results for the lesions did not occur. Toluidine blue staining is an adjunct to clinical judgment and not a substitute for either judgment or biopsy.

3

Authors: Dr. Manikandan G R1, Dr. Arsha Rajendran2

The term gingival biotype refers to the soft tissue quality of profile pertaining to that teeth.Various tissue biotypes respond differently to inflammation and to surgical and restorative treatment; consequently, it is important to identify tissue biotype before treatment. These factors dictate the disease progression, treatment outcome and prognosis. Periodontal biotype evaluation is an important parameter in establishing patient expectations in many complex esthetic procedures by allowing the clinician to predict therapeutic outcome.This paper reviews the various clinical implications and methods of assessment of gingival biotype.

3

Authors: Dr. Ruchi Gupta1, Dr. Anil Tomer2, Dr. Shobhit Pyasi3, Dr. Smita Sahni4

Aim -This study compares the efficacy of three different retreatment file systems and determines which retreatment file requires less time in removal of previous root filling material. Methodology- Thirty anterior teeth with single root canal were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups of ten specimens each. They were instrumented and obturated using mono -cone technique with gutta-percha (GP) and sealer. Removal of Gutta-percha was performed with the following devices and techniques: EDGEFILE XR, MTWO, R-ENDO. For all cases, the following data were recorded: procedural errors, duration of retreatment and canal wall cleanliness which was evaluated using stereomicroscope at 6X magnification. Photographs were taken for further analysis using computer image analysis program. ANOVA test and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests were used for statistical analysis. Results- No system completely removed the root filling material from root canal walls. EdgeFile XR retreatment files removed the maximum amount of filling material from the canal walls. The Mean operating time was minimum with Mtwo group files. It was concluded that EDGEFILE XR, rotary retreatment system proved to be the most efficient method of removing gutta-percha and sealer in comparison to the other two retreatment files and M-TWO retreatment files required less time to remove root filling material than the other instruments.