A Journal of Clinical Dentistry-Heal Talk

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Authors: Dr. Ashish Gulati PG Student Dr. Rashmi Agarwal Reader Dr. Hemant Gupta Professor & HOD Dr. Deepak Kumar Professor

Botulinum neurotoxins, causative agents of botulism in humans, are produced by Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic spore-former Gram positive bacillus. In 1820, justinus kerner german medical officer gave the first complete description of botulinum called sausage poisoning .It Recognized in 1896 by Emile van Ermengen described botulinum toxin as bacterial origin. The English philosopher John Locke in 1677 firstly described the trigeminal neuralgia (TN). In 1756, Nicolaus Andre coined the term “tic douloureux” for the condition characterized by trigeminal neuralgia pain as well as muscle spasm. In 1773, John Fothergill gave detailed description of the trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a painful disorder of the trigeminal nerve characterized by paroxysmal attacks of severe, electric shock-like pain typically present on one side of the face. Pain is unilateral and follows one or more of the distributions of the trigeminal nerve. Mandibular and maxillary divisions are more commonly involved than ophthalmic division. There is a slight predilection for female sex. The right side of the face is more commonly involved than the left side of the face. The botulinum toxin (BTX) is a naturally occurring neuro- toxin that is produced by gram-positive anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum. There are seven distinct antigenic subtypes of botulinum toxin.

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Authors: Dr Naresh Sharma Reader Dept. of Paedodontics & Preventive Dentistry Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad . Delhi NCR

Maltreatment syndrome includes child abuse and child neglect. Child abuse can be defined as any non-accidental trauma, failure to meet basic needs or abuse inflicted upon a child by the caretaker that is beyond the acceptable norm of childcare in our culture. Abuse may cause serious injury to the child and may even cause death.

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Authors: Dr. Sunil Dogra PG student Dr. Maya Dalaya Professor Dr. Mahesh Ghadage PG Student Dr. Geeta Hatte PG Student Dr. Nikita BK PG Student

Establishment of a proper plane of occlusion is one of the most misunderstood aspects of restorative dentistry, but in simplest of terms an occlusal plane is acceptable if it permits the anterior guidance to do its job. An occlusal examination is not complete unless it includes an analysis of the occlusal plane. That is a basic goal in any posterior occlusal treatment. A correct plane of occlusion allows protrusion without posterior interference. There are three practical methods for establishing an acceptable plane of occlusion in which the use of Pankey Mann Schuyler method of occlusal plane analysis is used. This case report will highlight the technique of determination of occlusal plane by using Broadrick occlusal plane analyzer (BOPA).

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Authors: Dr Manjunath Vijapur Assistant Professor Department of OMFS, KIMS, Hubli, India Dr Muralee Mohan Professor Dr Jitesh Sharma PG Student Dr Mirant Patel PG Student Dr Satadru Roy PG Student Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

A nevus is a benign melanocytic neoplasm and is the most common type of skin tumour. Intradermal nevus is considered to be a form of benign cutaneous tumours and referred to the group of common acquired nevomelanocytic nevi. Common acquired nevi may be papillomatous, dome shaped, pedunculated or flat-topped and are usually flesh-coloured, pink or pigmented. Acquired melanocytic nevi can be expected to change with age in overall size and shape and in their colour and surface characteristics. There is regional variation in the time sequence of their evolution. Most congenital melanocytic nevi grow in proportion to growth of a given anatomic site. The treatment of intradermal nevus is surgical removal. In this article, we have reported 2 cases of intradermal melanocytic nevus of facial region.

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Authors: Dr. Anuradha P Professor and Head Dr. Aparna Srivastava P.G. Student Dr. Sakchhi Tiwari P.G. Student Department of Public Health Dentistry Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences

Dental anxiety is a complex fear with a number of components involving personality or psychological traits as well as conditioning experiences and vicarious learning. This study was done with an aim to assess the prevalence of dental anxiety among patients visiting a teaching dental hospital in Lucknow, India and their self perceived treatment needs. Patients were assessed on the level of anxiety, difference of anxiety between male and female and self perception of treatment need. Data was summarized according to Mean ± SD or percentage. The statistical test used were chi-square (x2) test, Student's t-test and Mann Whitney U test. Results showed that 18-25 years of age group people had more anxiety towards dental treatment than older age group with females being more affected than males.Recommendations haa been given as proper oral health education should be given to the masses and treatment should be briefed to the patients before starting the procedure

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Authors: Dr. Muralee Mohan Professor Dr. Satadru Roy P. G. Student Dr. Jitesh Sharma P. G. Student Dr. Mirant Patel P. G. Student

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of locking plates and screw system in the treatment of mandibular fracture surgery, by comparing them with the conventional system. Patients & Methods:A protocol for selection of patients with mandibular fractures was developed. To evaluate results of this protocol, 10 patients were treated by locking plates and screw system and 10 patients were treated with the conventional system. The patients were prospectively evaluated for the duration of surgery, location of the fracture, presence of additional fractures,presence of tooth in the line of fracture,difficulties encountered during surgery,neurologic changes,post surgical occlusal relationship,adequacy of reduction and post surgical complications. Data were compared for statistical significance with T- test and Fishers exact test. Results:There was statistically significant difference between the posterior facial height between the locking plate and screw systemand the conventional miniplate group, but no significant difference between their post treatment occlusion and interincisal maximal opening, but fewer incidence of complications in locking plate group was observed as compared to the closed group. Conclusion:Using the locking plates and screws, we found adecreased incidence of post-operative mobility and infection. The incidence of complications was also fewer in case of locking plate group. The operative duration was however more in case of Locking plates and screws group