Russkaya Starina

13-19

Authors: Marina Ch. Larionova

The name of Vasily Ivanovich Tumansky, a popular poet of the 20-30s of the 20th century, a friend of Pushkin, Kukhelbeker, Ryleev, Baratynsky, was forgotten, and his works were not published for more than a hundred years. However, he deserves research attention. His first poem, “The Field of the Battle of Borodino”, was published in the journal “Syn Otechestva” (“Son of the Fatherland”), known for its proximity to future Decembrists. An important place in the poem took the topic of enlightenment and the idea of general welfare. Tumansky borrowed a combination of educational didactics with sensitivity from German philosophy and German sentimentalism. However, the problems that the novice poet solves suggest that he felt the spirit of free thought that most of the Russian noble youth were imbued with. When Tumansky was going to go to France, the capital of European liberalism of the time, Baratynsky wrote a poem addressed to him, “T-mu (In the album)”, which was an evidence of the friendship of the two poets and the support of the Tumansky by the Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Science, and the Arts.

29-38

Authors: Oleg A. Grom

The article analyzes the publications of the daily newspaper Rada dedicated to the national movements on the borderlands of the Russian Empire. The newspaper was published in Kiev from 1906 until the outbreak of the First World War. It was the most influential Ukrainian-language newspaper in Russia. The most interesting are the publications of 1913–1914, when the newspaper had a separate regular column “From the life of non-Russian nations”, which described the cultural life of most noticeable ethnic groups of the Russian Empire: Belarusians, Moldovans, the peoples of the Transcaucasia, Siberia, the Baltic and Volga regions. At the same time, such large national movements as Polish and Finnish became the object of attention of Ukrainian publicists relatively rarely, which emphasized their special position in the ethno-social hierarchy of the non-Russian peoples of the Empire. The articles of the column were usually based on the reprints from other, as a rule, Russian, newspapers, as well as on the reports from the own Rada’s correspondents. The newspaper publicists tried to look for the features that united the Ukrainian national movement and the movements of other peoples of Russia, as well as examples of the successful implementation of the cultural and educational undertakings. Comparison of the Rada’s materials with other sources allows us to determine the degree of completeness of the description of a particular non-Russian question, as well as to reveal distortions, inaccuracies and factual errors.

47-53

Authors: Nicholas W. Mitiukov, Svetlana L. Bautina

Thу publication continues a series of works by the authors devoted to the fleets of small enterprises in Udmurtia. The purpose of this article is to study the composition and evolution of the fleet of the “Udmurtles” Churovskiy logging enterprise. On the basis of a critical comparison of the logging enterprise’s own documentation, currently stored in the archive sector of the Yakshur-Bodya village administration, and Udmurtles’ documentation from the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic it is shown that from 1952 to 1957 the enterprise had two vessels: the boat “Lesnik” (type T-63) and the self-propelled passenger barge “Otvazhny” (type T-81 P). The other vessels mentioned in the documentation were probably only formally listed at the timber company. Most likely the “Lesnik” later became the boat “Moryak” of the Izhevsk exploitation office.

66-74

Authors: Nikita S. Shubin

Currently, computer games occupy an increasing place in the leisure of certain segments of the population. Thousands of specialists sometimes work on their creation, and there are already dozens of specializations in the gaming industry. But what are these people inspired by and what images do they put into their works? How is the collective memory of historical events reflected in games? In the search for answers to these questions, the author of the article aims to examine the images of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht that have developed in computer games about the Great Patriotic War, to determine their relationship and the sources of their formation. Games from Europe, the USA, Canada (group I) and the countries formed on the territory of the former USSR (group II) are analyzed, since in them, on the one hand, the sphere of the game industry is quite developed, and on the other hand, there is a certain demand among the population for products about the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War. It turns out that in such games as Call of Duty, Company of Heroes 2, etc., which are in group I, developers often use the image of the Red Army, where many ordinary employees are ready to defend the Motherland, are pretentious and full of hatred for the enemy. Similar features in these games are inherent in the command staff, but the latter is also able to unnecessarily sacrifice their own soldiers in the name of orders and ideology. These games can be partly contrasted with the image of the Red Army in the games of group II (Blitzkrieg, Chernye bushlaty, etc.), where the soldiers are also brave and capable of self-sacrifice, but the command has the necessary competence and a clear mind. Both movies and the works of historians during the Cold War are the sources of the formation of negative ideas about the Red Army. The study found that the image of the Wehrmacht in the games of both groups is similar. The actions of the Wehrmacht provoke a backlash from the protagonists of the products of the game industry.