Russkaya Starina

4-13

Authors: Evgeny F. Krinko

The recent historiography is characterized by increased attention to a human. The purpose of the article is to reveal new directions and approaches in the study of the history of the Great Patriotic War, which took shape mainly in the 1990–2000s, allowing one to “return” the “human dimension” to its events. The article is based on historiographic sources – modern studies of Russian and foreign authors. These works examine various problems of the Great Patriotic War in the framework of historical anthropology and related areas: the history of mentalities, the history of everyday life, microhistory, and gender history. All these areas are distinguished by the shift of attention from the state institutions to the human world in all its diversity and interaction with other people, behavioral strategies and conditions for the survival of individuals and groups, wartime symbols and rituals. The article was written on the basis of a systematic approach, the author used the problem-chronological method, the methods of mainstreaming and logical analysis.

26-40

Authors: Alla B. Staseva, Irina G. Kirillova, Boris I. Maksimov, Nataliya V. Zolotova, Anna N. Pchelkina, Nadezhda K. Shmonina, Rezeda R. Gareeva

The article deals with the activity of two evacuation hospitals № 3062 and № 3070 in Kanash town of Chuvash ASSR during the Great Patriotic War. The article is written on the basis of documents from the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the State Archive of Modern History of the Chuvash Republic and other documents as well as the memories of the eyewitnesses – the medical workers and wounded soldiers of the Red Army. The authors consider the staff of hospitals and the staff of medical institutions. Considerable attention is paid to the daily life of the hospital, the nutrition of patients, the use of the vegetable gardening in the medical institutions, the issues of salaries and wartime taxes for medical personnel (military loan and tax). The article also analyzes the wartime medical problems and the introduction of new, uniform principles of medical care. The authors have also described other issues: blackout of buildings, discipline in the medical evacuation hospitals, rehabilitation and employment opportunities for the disabled of the Great Patriotic War.

50-58

Authors: Olga M. Morozova

The Black Sea sailors during 1917 were not politically active. The Sevastopol Soviet of the Deputies of the Army, Navy and Workers influenced the position of the crews. The Bolsheviks from Petrograd campaigned, but the sailors did not accept the idea of the class struggle until December 1917. This is due to the return of the detachment A.V. Mokrousov and flotilla of minesweepers from a campaign on the Don which was considered a nest of counter-revolution. Sevastopol sailors gained experience in armed clashes, and became active participants in the class struggle. Teams of the Sevastopol courts were in Rostov-on-Don for a week. They had an order from their Soviet on neutrality, but they were bound by obligations towards the Rostov Revolutionary Committee who had invited them to the Don. Ships shelled the city. There were victims. This shook the position of the Don Revolutionary Committee, its supporters left the city, the power of the Don Ataman was established. The yacht Kolkhida assigned to the Sevastopol port played a role in the revolutionary events in the Don.

71-79

Authors: Nicholas W. Mitiukov, Svetlana L. Bautina

In the post-war period, motorboats played a huge role in the technical re-equipment of domestic water transport. They replaced steamboats, mostly of pre-revolutionary building, but they, in turn, after a decade, almost everywhere gave way to motor ships. Similar processes took place in the Izhevsk operational office of the Office of Small Rivers under the Council of Ministers of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In the late 1940s – early 1950s the office received three motor boats “Yaroslavets”, “Pioner” and “Komsomolets”. Basing on the analysis of the available documentation and photographs, it was concluded that the “Yaroslavets” belonged to the boats of project 358, the “Pioner” belonged to the project NKL-47, and the “Komsomolets” project was not yet possible to determine within the existing sources. Apparently, this ship is depicted in a photograph from the collection of A. Korobeinikov (from the family archive of T. Grozova). The same ship is shown in the photograph from the Ozhigov family archive, which is why it must be re-attributed and its date changed to 1961.