International Journal of Fertility and Sterility

1-12

Authors: Gul Pinar , Hulusi Bulent Zeyneloglu

Background: This study evaluated the quality of life and anxiety-depression levels of patients prior to receiving assisted reproductive techniques. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted in the In-Vitro Fertilization Unit of a private University’s Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Study participants consisted of 160 individuals diagnosed as infertile whose treatment plans were determined, as well as 160 reportedly healthy fertile individuals (n=320). Each participant completed the Patient Identification Form, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Quality of Life Scale questionaires. Results: The results of this study indicate a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety in the infertile group (p<0.05). Also, quality of life scores were found to be lower in the infertile group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Individuals who experience infertility need psychological support in order to overcome the psycho-social difficulties they experience. It is essential to have studies that stress the importance of integrating psychological and emotional support into clinical practice.

19-26

Authors: Metin Ingec , Muhammet Calik , Cemal Gundogdu , Ali Kurt , Mehmet Yilmaz , Unal Isaoglu , Suleyman Salman , Fatih Akcay , Halis Suleyman

Background: The effects of moclobemide on damaged ovarian tissue induced by ischemia- reperfusion and damaged contralateral ovarian tissue were investigated in rats, biochemically and histologically. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 rats were equally divided into four groups: 10 mg/kg moclobemide, 20 mg/kg moclobemide, ischemia/reperfusion control, and intact control groups. A 2-2.5-cm-long vertical incision was made in the lower abdomen of each rat in order to reach the ovaries, after which a vascular clip was placed on the lower side of the right ovary of each animal in the two treatment groups and the ischemia-reperfusion control group, but not in the healthy (intact control) animal group. The purpose of this procedure was to create ischemia over the course of three hours, then the clips were unclamped to provide reperfusion for the next two hours. At the end of the two hours of reperfusion, all the animals were killed by high-dose anaesthesia and their ovaries were taken and subjected to histological and biochemical (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, glutathione) studies. Results: The obtained results showed that moclobemide suppressed nitric oxide and malondialdehyde production in the ischemia - reperfusion damage area, and prevented the decrease in endogenous antioxidant levels (glutathione) in the rat ovarian tissue. Moclobemide also prevented infiltration of leukocytes to the ovarian tissue. These results showed that moclobemide protected ovarian tissue against ischemiareperfusion injury. Conclusion: This study shows that moclobemide represses malondialdehyde and nitric oxide production in the rat ovarian tissue subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury and keeps the endogenous antioxidant glutathione level from decreasing. Moclobemide also inhibits leukocytic migration into ovarian tissue following ischemia-reperfusion injury. From these results, it is suggested that moclobemide can be used in the treatment of ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.

31-36

Authors: Zahra Basirat , Mehrdad Kashifard , Masoumeh Golsorkhtabar Amiri

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, complex endocrine disorder for women of productive age. A high incidence of ovulation failure in women with PCOS is related to insulin resistance. Some studies have assessed the effects of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in relationship with insulin sensitizing agents such as Metformin (Met). These medicines have been suggested new scope for ovulation stimulation enhancement with Clomiphene Citrate (CC) in PCOs women. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of adding Met to CC in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial study was performed on 334 PCOS patients from 2007 to 2009. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and ovulation induction was performed with either CC alone or CC + Met. The treatment was continued for three cycles, then the mature follicle and pregnancy rates were evaluated. Results: In the CC + Met group, 68% had at least one dominant follicle in the first cycle that was significant (p<0.001), and 31.7% had one in the second cycle. In the CC group 54.5% in the first cycle, 31.7% second cycle, and 6.9% ovulated in the third cycle. The pregnancy rate was 28.7% in CC + Met group and 24.6% in the CC group, with no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Adding Met to CC is significant for ovulation, but it does not enhance the pregnancy rate (Registration Number: IRCT138904174306N1).

45-50

Authors: Jalal Solati , Ramin Hajikhani , Behnam Rashidieh , Mahshid Fatipour Jalilian

Background: In order to establish a reliable non-invasive method for sex determination in a bovine fetus in a routine setting, the possibility of identifying specific sequence in the fetal X and Y-chromosomes has been evaluated in maternal plasma using conventional multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The aim of this study was to provide a rapid and reliable method for sexing bovine fetuses. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, peripheral blood samples were taken from 38 pregnant heifers with 8 to 38 weeks of gestation. DNA template was extracted by phenol-chloroform method from 350 μl maternal plasma. Two primer pairs for bovine amelogenin gene (bAML) and BC1.2 were used to amplify fragments from X and Y chromosomes. A multiplex PCR reaction has been optimized for amplification of 467 bp and 341 bp fragments from X and Y bAML gene and a 190 bp fragment from BC1.2 related to Y chromosome. Results: The 467 bp fragment was observed in all 38 samples. Both 341 and 190 bp fragments were detected only in 24 plasma samples from male calves. The sensitivity and specificity of test were 100% with no false negative or false positive results. Conclusion: The results showed that phenol-chloroform method is a simple and suitable method for isolation of fetal DNA in maternal plasma. The multiplex PCR method is an available non-invasive approach which is cost efficient and reliable for sexing bovine fetuses.

65-70

Authors: Tahereh Madani , Shohreh Irani , Mahnaz Ashrafi , Maryam Alsadat Nabavi

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that affects various body organs and requires comprehensive long term evaluation and management. The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of Flutamide on ovulation induction in PCOS patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective study applied triple blind method, a simple convenience sampling method, to induce ovulations of the ninety six PCOS patients. Patients were divided into two groups; group A included 53 subjects (received Flutamide + Clomiphene Citrate) and group B included 43 subjects (received placebo + Clomiphene Citrate). Ultrasound was carried to determine the size of follicles and growth rate of them during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Also, progesterone levels were measured on days 19 and 21 of the menstrual cycle. Results: In this study, ninety six PCOS patients, in two treatment and control groups, were evaluated regarding to body mass index (BMI), cycle irregularity, age and number of dominant follicles, duration of stimulation, endocrine profile and score of hirsutism. The obtained results revealed no significant differences between two groups. Conclusion: Flutamide does not affect ovulation improvement in PCOS patients undergoing induction (Registration Number: IRCT 201105081141N10).