Islas

1-16

Authors: Mabiel Hidalgo Martínez

Introduction: The Association of Reporters of Havana (ARH) constitutes the first journalistic organization in Cuba, created on April 14, 1902. From 1941 to 1953, the lines of action were directed to the formation and development of journalists in the country. The organization of the First National Congress of Journalists, the promulgation of membership laws, the creation of the National Association of Journalists and the provincial branches, as well as the establishment of the «Manuel Márquez Sterling» Professional School of Journalism, were important steps beyond the framework of the capital, causing favorable impacts, not exempt from conflicts, in the professional and social recognition of journalists in Cuba. Methods: The theoretical methods such as the historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, inductivedeductive and the techniques of mixed or semi-standardized interview, allowed the study of the ARH, an important space for developing and channeling the demands of journalists, setting the foundations of a critical journalism and high professional rigor. Results: Taking into account the scarce research existing on the ARH during its vital existence (1902-1962) and the contributions to the journalistic guild, the training and professional development actions promoted by the Association, it is our aim to deepen from a historical perspective. The regional profile adopted clears up the relevance of the links that having its headquarters in the capital, impacted on professionals and apprentices all over the country. This research contributes to the studies of the history of press in Cuba, and enriches the sociohistorical studies about information and communication. Conclusions: From the Havana region, the ARH impacted on a much wider national profile, thus making possible to celebrate a First National Congress of Journalists, and the approval and implementation of the Journalistic Association process, as well as the creation of the «Manuel Márquez Sterling» Professional School of Journalism. These actions concretize the efforts of several decades to put an end to professional intrusion and to institutionalize the teaching of journalism in the country, characterized until then by empiricism.

28-47

Authors: Juana Marta León Iglesias

This article examines the place of the aesthetic experience in the cultural philosophical conceptions of Raúl Roa García, during the period between 1940 and 1958. To do this, an interpretive hermeneutic study of some of his works written and published in the stated period is carried out, since it was his stage of most prolific intellectual reflection. Starting from locating the theoretical developments around the aesthetic experience category, we proceeded to assess how this is conceived in Roa's cultural thought, as well as the nuances it brings to his discourse, his position as an intellectual trained in a Western tradition and illustrated that it intends to overcome through the apprehension of Marxism and the Martian legacy. As a result, it can be affirmed that, for Roa, the aesthetic experience is a way of connecting rational thought with sensibility, while claiming the possibilities of the latter to build knowledge. Moreover, it constitutes a tool to deconstruct the cultural expressions of domination and build politics through dissent: its postulates are based on the possibilities of forming critical subjects in order to democratize access to culture for the most neglected social sectors. In this sense, it is concluded that in Raúl Roa the aesthetic experience is projected on a collective level, as he seeks the achievement of social justice, and on an individual level, as he seeks the emancipation of the individual from the ascension of the spirituality.

60-80

Authors: Arleti María Molerio Rosa

Introduction: By studying the musical framework of Cuban composers who are located in a foreign environment, we approach a process of connections that includes different points of view and that, in turn, are discursively intertwined in a scenario that builds cultural codes that reinforce the identity. Within this framework, the work provides special analytical attention to the production of Chamber music by Yalil Guerra Soto (1973). Methods: In this research, the analysis proposal based on the enactive criterion is developed, that is, multivalent and interacting relationships that are unleashed in recipient-creator individuality from specific topics evoked, considering that every analyst is in turn a perceiving subject. -Creative of the work he faces. For traditional historiography, Chamber music is linked to a number of members of an instrumental/vocal format of genres established at the time of classicism, which are performed in a relatively small and intimate space. Results: We focus on an analytical approach to his musical proposal Old Havana by the composer and guitarist Yalil Guerra for its interconnections between academic and popular music. The sound context exposes a traditional string quartet. The timbre image is conventional, but in turn contains a range of profiles that support the discourse and combine effects of semantic interconnection, giving it a unique aesthetic vision. The alternation of compass according to the discursive requirement is notable, acquiring diversity in the development sections. Conclusions: the cameral concept extends its scope to the genres considered folkloric or popular, interweaving a unifying thought that describes music as a whole. We analyse and corroborate in the work of Yalil Guerra, the resignification, of the sound world of traditional Cuban popular music in an academic context.

92-109

Authors: Evelyn Serra Castro, Tania Silverio Pérez, Raquel María García Riverón

Introduction: In this work the analysis of the intonation patterns of the questions is carried out, in interaction with the gestures, in a sample of ten chapters of the Cuban telenovela Destino Prohibido. Total questions and partial questions are taken into account in all appearance contexts. Methods: A communicative approach is used and a perceptual analysis is carried out from the auditory and visual point of view that allows defining the intonation units and the elements related to gestures. The analysis ofintoneme patterns is based in the theory of Raquel García Riverón and the analysis of gestures in McNell´s classification. Results: The gesture, like the intonation peak, is used to draw attention to a certain part of the interrogative where want to emphasize, mostly, in relation to the lexical-grammatical structure. Conclutions: This study is part of a bigger project about expressiveness and affectivity in the intonation of the Cuban variety of Spanish in multimodal discourse. Until now, various uses of gestures that are integrated in correspondence with intonation patterns have been identified

1-15

Authors: Liannet Cheong Sarmiento

This research responds to the necessity to delve into the ways used by José Martí to convince his audience powerfully, at a crucial moment in our history. Based on the criterion that in enunciation, discursive images are constructed, attempts are made to determine the form and function of the idiomatic signs that construct the image of the enunciator in the emotive dimension. Methods: To this end, a methodology has been developed with a pragmatic approach, which reconciles essential issues of discourse analysis, semantics and enunciation theory. Results: Four fundamental ways of constructing the image of the enunciator are identified, as well as the presence of varied grammatical resources through which the overflow is manifested in Martí's oratory. The results reveal how the speaker relies on the semantic-pragmatic properties of the structures identified as a resource for persuasion. Conclusions: The structures that construct the image of the enunciator in the emotive dimension have a metacommunicative, self-referential, pragmatic function, which is aimed at guaranteeing the adequate conditions of communication.

30-44

Authors: Hishochy Delgado Mendoza, Maylín Alonso Castillo, Gabriela Victoria Toscano Zambrano

Introduction: The ecphrastic practices related to the visual arts find a space for the reeducation of perspectives through the works of the artist Geovanny Verdezoto; who warns and subverts, with audacity, intercultural and inclusive experiences on his canvas: a representation that invites critical reflection and verbal rehearsal. Methods: On this occasion, we have considered a methodology that assumes essential features of the qualitative approach, from the social constructionist perspective, the hermeneutical method and techniques such as observation, self-report and interview. Results: The work of this forger does not emerge as mere entertainment, it is an allegory and iconic expression of the legacy of those who advocate for the emancipation of the universal human being. Therefore, it is worth finding the way in which the poetics of the creator configures and dialogues to transmit messages that favor the aggrandizement of the person (learner). Conclusions: This work constitutes an intellectual and moral exercise that invites the acceptance of the multiplicity and differences in the pedagogical and andragogical settings.

58-76

Authors: Félix Julio Alfonso López

Introduction: The article presents an assessment of the figure of Ramiro Guerra y Sánchez given not only by its author but also by valuable intellectuals contemporary with Guerra such as Carlos Rafael Rodríguez, Raúl Roa, Medardo Vitier, Fernando Ortiz, Emilio Roig de Leuchsenring. Methods: In this study about Ramiro Guerra, a distinction of his intellectual productionis made along two main lines: the texts with pedagogical content and critical analysis to Cuban education and the historiographic essay. Results: Specifically, the author pauses in the analysis of two works considered «minor» within his historiographical task: Mudos Testigos (1948) and Por las veredas del Pasado (1957), which demonstrate the valuable contribution of Ramiro Guerra to the social, regional and rural family history in Cuba between the end of the 19.th century and the beginning of the 20.th century. Conclusions: The conclusions are aimed at placing Ramiro Guerra in a very important position within the Cuban intelligentsia of the 20.th century and to understand his validity in Cuban historical studies.

91-110

Authors: Dainelis Reina Gallego

Introduction: The present research addresses the study of how socio-environmental vulnerability and habitat quality are related in the Reina community in the city of Cienfuegos. In accordance with this problem, the general objective was proposed as follows: to analyze the relationship between socio-environmental vulnerability and habitat quality in the Reina community in the city of Cienfuegos. Methods: For the development of the research, the mixed methodological principle has been used, relying on techniques such as non-participant observation, structured interview and in-depth interview, document analysis, survey to adequately develop the work and the SWOT Matrix in which it is intended to know the internal and external problems of the community. Results: The socio-environmental vulnerability in the Reina community is determined by the abandonment of the environment. There is, in some cases, ignorance towards these problems, according to the analysis of results. Conclusions: Its threats and weaknesses should be mitigated from its potentialities, through the establishment of lines of action with criteria of measures and possible projects to be carried out to give solution to these problems.

125-145

Authors: Beatriz Fernández Delgado, Darlén Méndez Lloret

Introduction: The general objective of this work is to characterize the scientific language of the students of Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry of the Universidad Central «Marta Abreu» de Las Villas. In the 2018-2019 academic year, a diagnosis was made to the fourth year students of the Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry, determined by the need of the career collective and the year collective and in which some deficiencies related to the use of scientific language were evidenced. Methods: Theoretical and empirical methods were used, by means of which the authors determined existing regularities in the use of the language of science by these students. Results: The main contributions of the work are directed to the generalization of the results of the doctoral thesis The development of oral scientific communication of students of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics. This article is derived from the results obtained in the diploma work, Study of the scientific language of the students of Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry, defended in 2019. Conclusions: The authors will continue to work in this important field of knowledge, since it is one of the prioritized objectives within the study of the mother tongue in Cuba and in the world.