Ancient Sumy Land

5-15

Authors: Lysenko M. S. PhD hab. (History), Associate Professor, O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv (Ukraine)

The article studies the public activities of the Kiev Society of Agriculture. It spread to the province of the Right-Bank Ukraine. The author analyzes its main directions. An important form of interaction was working with authorities, primarily the Ministry of Agriculture. This relationship was carried out in the form of filing petitions, providing government agencies with the necessary information on current issues, providing background information on various agricultural sectors of the province. The agrarian organization carried out numerous public initiatives (exhibitions, congresses of rural masters, the creation of bureaux for the employment of employees, pension and insurance funds). Members of the Kiev Society of Agriculture were engaged in charity, financed various events in the Kiev province. Relations with local and all-Russian agricultural societies are characterized. It’s contribution to the establishment of agrarian schools was studied. The evolution of different forms and methods of work of agricultural societies, attempts of their unification was described. A conclusion is drawn on the role and significance of social activity of the Kiev Society of Agriculture.

25-34

Authors: Sribnyak I. V. Dr. (History), Professor (Ukraine), Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University. ORCID 0000-0001- 9750-4958

1921 here there were two full-fledged divisions of the Army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (in a quantitative composition of more than three thousand people, including about 100 women and children). While retaining its structure and headquarters, these divisions were consolidated into one group of interned UPR troops. The camp had all necessary infrastructures, which allowed to properly organizing the lives and lives of the interned, while adhering to the military background. The camp continued to replenish all the time, but the number of its “inhabitants” was steadily decreasing in connection with the desertion of part of the camp, dismissal from the camp by the decision of the Polish authorities, departure to study and employment of certain categories of soldiers within Poland. At the beginning of 1922, interned units of the UPR Army in Kalisz, due to the economic crisis in Poland were in an extremely difficult position as a result of almost complete cessation of funding. This led to the fact that almost all areas of the activity of interned Ukrainian armies in the camps were temporarily paralyzed. With a few exceptions, almost all military schools and colleges have ceased their work for some time. The moral condition of the Ukrainian part of the war was at a low level, because food was not always at the proper level, and part of the war was lacking in clothing and footwear. Nevertheless, the majority of the interned was ready to continue to withstand the disadvantages of the camp’s existence, sincerely believing in the ideals of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. In the summer of 1922, the situation of the interned improved in connection with the assignment of a significant part of them to perform various jobs within the working teams. For 34 СУМСЬКА СТАРОВИНА 2017 №LI this, interns received daily cash rewards, which allowed them to save or spend to buy the most necessary things, as well as improve your nutrition. The command of the Army of the UPR took steps to ensure that the departure of the interned from the camp for work did not lead to the loss of ties between the workers’ units and the headquarters of the units, who were left in the camp. At this time, a powerful consolidating factor was the camp press, which, in addition to uniting belligerence around the idea of restoration of the UNR, also met their information needs. With the approach of the fall, the need for workers was gradually diminishing, and the interned again were in a difficult position. Against them, the sad prospect of hibernating in the barracks that were not fit for this purpose arose again. Although, in connection with the significant decrease in the number of interned in the camps of the huts there was no shortage for them, their heating (especially in severe frosts) remains one of the most urgent problems of the campers. But this did not shake their commitment to the idea of restoration of the UPR. The camp itself remained one of the largest places of the accumulation of Ukrainian warfare, who in their overwhelming majority consistently advocated national liberation slogans, and were ready to continue the fight against red Russia.

48-63

Authors: Degtyarev S. I. Dr. (History), Professor (Ukraine), Sumy State University. Nesterenko V. A. PhD (History), Assosiate Professor (Ukraine), Sumy State University

The article covers World War II through the prism of the policy of memory. The latest is considered to be the mass beliefs about the past. This notion includes the events of the past with the participation of the person and also without it. In this case the ideas of those events have been brought to the person’s consciousness through the perception of socially significant information. “The policy of memory”, which is an integral part of the state’s policy, has an important impact on the process mentioned above. The modern Ukrainian historiography highlights a number of factors which influence the content of the population’s historical memory and therefore determine people’s self-identification as the part of a certain territory, region, country and ethnos. At the personal level the formation of a particular person’s historical memory is greatly influenced by “the patrimonial memory” - the reminiscences of parents, grandparents and other relatives. This aspect is especially important for taking into consideration the contradictory events of World War II. The authors have come to the conclusion that the subject matter of World War II is still used frequently within the policy of memory; however it is interpreted differently according to the purposes of a certain political force. As usual it leads to the negative social and political consequences. To avoid this situation it is necessary to reject the outdated interpretations of this tragedy. The personification of the historical memory could be very helpful for reaching this goal. “The patrimonial memory” ought to play an important role in this process.

77-87

Authors: Goncharenko L.L. PhD (History), Associate Professor of Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko (Ukraine) Koneva A.V. Master of Educational and Scientific Institute of History and Philosophy of the Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko (Ukraine).

The article analyzes the role of the Lend-Lease policy as a form of US military assistance to the USSR during the Second World War. The essence of the Lend-Lease concept is considered in its constituents and peculiarities of suppling the assistance. The value of deliveries by the United States of America during the Second World War is revealed. Particular attention in article is paid to the issue of the need for military assistance to the USSR, in every possible way diminished, and even completely suppressed by Soviet historiography and little studied by the СУМСЬКА СТАРОВИНА 2017 №LI 87 contemporary Russian scientific community. This scientific publication reveals the historical aspects and preconditions of the US-Soviet policy of cooperation in the context of the LendLease policy. That is why, attention is paid to four (Moscow, Washington, London and Ottawa) protocols, according to which the maximum volumes of military and civilian materials that the United States could allocate to the Soviet Union were set. This article provides specific statistics on the quantitative component of care and its breakdown by type. In particular, data are presented in the Lend-Lease policy on the supply of non-ferrous metals, fuel, industrial equipment, vehicles and food supplies, which played a key role in the course of hostilities. Summarizing the facts disclosed in the article, the researchers note that without US supplies to the Soviet Union it would be virtually impossible to withstand the German invasion. This dependence was wellunderstood by the Soviet leadership, but deliberately diminished.

101-114

Authors: Ilnytskyi V. I. PhD hab. (History), Associate Professor, Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University (Ukraine). Hrynyk L. N. 4th year student, Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University (Ukraine)

In the article five papers are published. They disclose the issues of training and detachment of the Red Army units of the red army (hereunder, RA) into the Western Ukrainian region for the period of elections to the USSR Supreme Soviet. Specific examples have confirmed the fact of using the parts of the RA in the fight against the Ukrainian Liberation Movement. The general forms and methods of Soviet Administration approval in Western Ukraine are briefly described. We have recently found five documents that enable to enlarge a greater understanding of the expansion of the Soviet system struggle with the Ukrainian Liberation Movement, which 114 СУМСЬКА СТАРОВИНА 2017 №LI differ significantly from the official picture presented in official Soviet advocacy. In general, five documents are submitted in the publication: information on (for 11-14 January 1946) the preparation to dispatch and redeployment of the Red Army units, who were sent to Western Ukraine to protect polling stations during the elections to the USSR Supreme Soviet. In the first document specific military units their locations and points of redeployment (even indicating the carriage number, which transported the unit) are mentioned. The second document informs on the progress of the preparations (studying of guidance documents, obtaining tasks), and the specific departure time of echelons with the relevant departments from their current location. Specific armoured trains, which were accompanied by are also named. The third, fourth and fifth documents complement the second one with information about the specific time of arrival and places of relocation. It should be mentioned that the published documents are an important source of comprehensive research as to the use of the Red Army units in the establishment of Soviet Authority in the Western Ukrainian region in general and in the confrontation with the Ukrainian Liberation Movement in particular. So, the repressive-punitive system in the fight against the liberation movement in the Carpathian region, the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) used a number of forms and means. In the process of struggle these tools were «improved». Each of them had its impact and caused serious losses to the underground. It should be noted that the repressive and punitive apparatus in the fight against the Ukrainian underground also changed their tasks.