European Researcher. Series A

Number 12 (2), 2021

62-74
Tourist Potentials of the Rural Settlement Vranještica

Authors: Jelisavka Bulatović, Goran Rajović

Abstract

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The rural settlement of Vranještica is located in the northeastern part of Montenegro (Kolašin municipality). It extends in the zone 42 ° 47´ 09 "north latitude and 19 ° 37´ 35" east longitude. It borders the rural settlements of Rečine in the west, GnjiliPotok in the southeast and Bare Kraljske in the south. It is located at an altitude of 1519 m and covers an area of 2.480 hectares.The traffic-geographical position of the rural settlement of Vranjestica is unfavorable, because it is located far from the main roads. Except for the road Andrijevica–Trešnjevik–Mateševo–Kolašin, no other important road intersects or touches this rural settlement. Vranještica is 44.6 km from Berane, 29.6 km from Andrijevica and 11.2 km from Mateševo. Isolated traffic-geographical position adversely affects its economic and social development. The paper discusses the natural and social benefits for tourism development. The results of the research indicate that without greater economic potential in this settlement, there is no wider existential base of the population.Bearing in mind that the studied geo-area has a predominantly agricultural population, agriculture should, all the more so, play its undoubtedly large and notable role in future economic development. Tourism as an additional source of income for the inhabitants of Vranještica could certainly improve their quality of life.

75-79
Cherkasovs (Keretskys): Feofan Ivanovich Cherkasov (1886−1938)

Authors: Aleksandr А. Cherkasov

Abstract

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Number of views: 116

The paper focuses on one of the representatives of the Cherkasov family from Kereti, a participant of the First World War, a victim of political repression, FeofanIvanovichCherkasov (1886−1938). This work is the first attempt to summarize the available information and write the first biography of this person. The documents of the State archive of the Arkhangelsk region (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation) were used as sources. The documents of the FSS archive for the Republic of Karelia (Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation) were also involved. From a methodological point of view, a descriptive method is widely used in the work, which allowed author to consider the information presented in fragments in order to restore the biographical picture of the life of FeofanIvanovichCherkasov. Besided this, a retrospective method was used, thanks to which we were able to consider the events in their chronological sequence. In conclusion, the author states that FeofanIvanovichCherkasov (1886−1938) is a man with one of the most tragic fates in the Cherkasov (Keret) family. At the age of 28, he was drafted into the active army of the Russian Empire during the First World War. He was captured, was released from it in connection with the end of the world conflict in 1918. He returned to Soviet Russia. During the Holodomor of 1933, he was convicted in a falsified case and sent to the Gulag for the construction of the White Sea Canal. After serving his sentence, he returned home, but soon in 1938 he was arrested again on a falsified case and has already been shot. At the time of the shooting, he was only 51 years old.

80-89
The Democratization Process in Niger: A Study on the Failure of the 3rd Republic Regime

Authors: Abdallah Boureima Gaziboa, Filiz Katmana

Abstract

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Number of views: 122

This article focuses on the first democratic regime in Niger after the advent of multiparty system in 1990. The study will concern the direct and indirect causes that led to the failure of the democratization process. Niger experienced in 1991 a National Sovereign Conference which ended the one-party system by establishing a multi-party democratic system under a semi-presidential regime. In 1993, the CDS Rahama party with the support of the AFC won the first presidential and legislative elections marking the beginning of the 3rd Republic. Unfortunately, in 1994, an unexpected turning marked the beginning of an intricate regime. The AFC will lose his major ally and the parliamentary majority at the same time. This event led to a political cohabitation in Niger. Thus, clashes between the presidential clan and the opposition, took more and more magnitude until the normal functioning of government was almost impossible. The regime of the 3rd Republic will be interrupted in 1996 by a military coup. The problematic of this article will focus on three aspects, namely, the conditions under which the AFC coalition was born, how did the regime of the 3rd Republic end up in a political cohabitation? And the democratic challenges that followed. These three aspects will allow us to understand how democracy, which foresaw situations like what happened in Niger in 1995 and whose institutions were supposed to facilitate the settlement of this type of crisis, failed.