Agrisost

Number 2 , 2015

1-11
Production of dry weight in stalks and leaves of sugarcane, through different crop ages and two plantation cycles

Authors: Félix Valladares Arrocha, Isabel Torres Varela, Luis Hernández Elías, Joaquín Montalván Delgado & Magaly Padrón Padilla

Abstract

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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the production of dry weight (biomass), in stalks and leaves of sugarcane, through different crop ages, and two plantation cycles. Two field trials in spring and winter were conducted during three years in the center-east region of Cuba (Experimental Station of Sugarcane Research, Camagüey - INICA), with the varieties: C1051-73, My5514 and C86-12. Dry biomass was evaluated over period of 11 months in the plant-cane cycle. The experiments were planted in a randomized block design with three replications. Results were analyzed using the parametric ANOVA model (factorial experiment) and the Tukey's test. The results of means comparisons showed that the stalks dry weight increased from 278 (9.3 months) to 465 days (15.5 months). Highest stalks weights in cold season occurred from 371(12.4 months) to 489 days (16.3 months). The contents of the leaves dry matter in cold season were significantly higher (p≤0.01) than spring from 278 (9.3 months) to 403 days (13.4 months). These results are promising and dry matter content has potential for being used in researches for a better understanding sugarcane growth and yield under Cuba conditions.

12-22
Agronomic characterization of an accession of Swinglea glutinosa (Blanco) Merr, (Rutaceae )

Authors: Rafael Jiménez Villasuso, Fressy Pérez Campo, David Zamora Blanco & Josefa B. Velázquez Palenzuela

Abstract

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The Rutaceae family includes a large number of genera and species. Of these, Citrus, Poncirus and Fortunella are the genres most worldwide exploited commercially, but there are other less discussed, such as gender Swinglea having a single species: S. glutinosa (Blanco) Merr. In order to characterize from an agricultural point of view this kind of importance as their genetic resource and subsequent use as a standard in citrus production. The physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated. Mass, diameter and height of fruit number and seed mass, total soluble solids, acidity, maturity index, vitamin C and some qualitative characteristics of the morphology of the tree as: tree structure for it variables were analyzed , forms the fruit, leaves and seed. The results showed that it is a rustic tree, adapting well to our conditions, also it has a high number of seeds per fruit. The results showed that it is a rustic tree, adapting well to our conditions, also has a high number of seeds per fruit, which is of great importance when selecting a pattern for introduction into productive practice.

23-28
Alimentary habit and morphological description of the larva of two species of leaf folder (Helcystogramma spp. and Lygropia tripunctata (Fabricius)) of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.)

Authors: Alfredo Morales Rodríguez

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Too little are known about the majority of defoliators insects of the sweet potato, as its the case of lepidopterous Helcystogramma sp and Lygropia tripunctata. The objectives of present investigation are to know morphologic aspects and alimentary habit of the larva of these species. The work was done at Institute Research of Tropical Root (INIVIT). Insects were studied by direct observation in two fields of sweet potato. The larva of Helcystogramma sp has the head, three thoracic segments and three pairs of paws of black color, while the larva of L. tripunctata has the head of yellow color and its has the body green-bluish translucent. The larva of Helcystogramma sp glues the leaf with silk threads and when its feed leave the inferior epidermis or superior intact. L.tripunctata glues several leaf during its larval status and its does not eat the part of the leaf that it glues.