Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics

18-37

Authors: Norhasimah Shaharuddin, Mohd Hafiz Abdul Wahab, Sharulshahida Shakrien Safian, Adibah Alawiah Osman

The role of English as the language of trade, finance and technology, has become more vital for development strategies in the 21st century. Recognition of English as the language of communication at the international level not only as knowledge of the language but also the ability to communicate effectively. Thus, the English language has become a necessity to strengthen relations with other countries in the world, especially in international trade, economic development, and financial development. With this motivation, the main purpose of this study was to look the impact of English proficiency in the relationship between financial development and economic growth. Using panel data for 55 countries from 2010-2019, this study applied the generalized method of moments estimation (GMMs). The findings prove that the interaction between English proficiency and financial development has positive impact on economic growth in selected countries. This study suggests that in achieving high and competitive economic growth in this era of globalization, the role of interaction between financial development and English Language Proficiency is vital to consider a reform that would strengthen the financial development and stimulate economic growth as well as development.

55-70

Authors: Muhammad Azman Ibrahim, Rafiatul Adlin Hj Mohd Ruslan, Nor Harlina Abd Hamid, Mohamad Fariz Bin Abdullah

The food delivery industry is evolving and accelerated significantly in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which made dine-ins impossible. The appeal of consumers to the approach of online food ordering is growing significantly, which has changed the way many consumers and food businesses interact. Many consumers and food business operators rely on food delivery platforms during movement control orders (MCO) with the no dine-in ruling. However, some businesses reported operating at a loss due to the platform's exorbitant delivery charges and hidden fees. As a result, the impact on food delivery services is hotly debated, and it is unclear whether online food delivery services improve business financial performance. Measuring financial performance, rather than just marketing triumphs, can determine how well a business is doing. Furthermore, studies on the impact of food delivery services on businesses are critical because this market is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. By using delivery services helps food businesses expand their operation outside their location as the delivery coverage. A propensity score matching analysis is proposed in this conceptual study to estimate causal treatment effects. The propensity score matching method is used to correct sample selection bias caused by structured questionnaires distributed to Malaysian restaurant businesses to collect primary data on observable differences between treatment and control groups. This conceptual research aims to assess the impact of food delivery services on restaurant financial performance in Malaysia. The relationship between food delivery services is expected to drive business financial performance.e

109-137

Authors: Nor Azila Mohd Johari, Ahmad Rais Mohamad Mokhtar, Nazura Mohamed Sayuti

In the supply chain context, circular economy (CE) initiatives strive to minimise waste and pollution by promoting remanufacturing to reduce the reliance on virgin materials. To realise the CE, closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) have been identified as the backbone of its implementation. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to exploring the contribution of CLSC practices in manufacturing industries, particularly towards the transition to a more circular economy in emerging economies. This study aims to propose a conceptual framework for examining the impact of stakeholders’ commitment on CLSCs and organisational performance. In general, this study proposes that stakeholders’ commitment (customers’ pressure, top management commitment, buying firms’ leadership, and government support) has a significant impact on CLSCs implementation. Furthermore, this study also proposes that CLSCs implementation contributes significantly towards organisational performance. This study suggests that future studies should conduct an empirical investigation using the conceptual framework of this paper. It is expected that this study will facilitate discussions on the need to deepen the comprehension of stakeholders’ commitment and its influence on CLSCs and organisational performance. The study contributes to the existing literature by addressing the gaps between stakeholders’ commitment, CLSCs, and organisational performance in realising the transition towards CE.

154-164

Authors: Nur Azirah Zahida Mohamad Azhar, Nurul Syifaa Mohd Shakil

Since COVID-19 will hit the world in early 2020, households have been hit with unanticipated risks that lower their income, cause them to lose their jobs, or cause them to lose family members. This situation got worse when the Movement Control Order (MCO), which is slowing down the economy, was kept in place for longer. Businesses aren't running as usual, people are afraid to be in crowded places, and the virus's sudden change makes things worse. Malaysia was recently hit by a flash flood in December 2021. Selangor is an important part of Malaysia's economy, so the flash floods there have affected many economic activities. This flash flood was also written down as one of the worst flash floods ever, and it forced about 4,000 people to leave their homes. But most households in Malaysia aren't financially ready, so they depend a lot on government help. Financial preparedness is one of the important expect in having financial stability, especially during the occurrences of unexpected risk. The study on financial preparedness usually involving old age and retirement process. However, new study on financial preparedness based on health and unexpected event had emerged. This study review on the financial preparedness of households. SCOPUS database were used on identify the journals used for this study. This study identifies the types of financial preparedness and the factors contributing to the financial preparedness of households.

201-232

Authors: Thi-Quynh Duong, Yu-Chuan Huang

The object of this research is to explore whether environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities have an influence on capital structure, tax avoidance, and firm value in the context of Southeast Asia. Also, examining whether existing two mediating effects of corporate tax avoidance between ESG activities and the cost of debt, and between ESG activities and firm value. The researchers applied regression models and the Sobel test with a total of 1105 samples that are existing listed companies reporting ESG on the Refinitiv data stream from 2018-2021. The results pointed out that ESG has a positive significant impact on tax avoidance, firm performance, and the debt of the firm. It also showed a positive correlation effect between tax avoidance and the value of the firm. Tax avoidance plays a partial mediation role between ESG and firm value. Therefore, research findings contribute to the related literature, and associated partitioners and investors could apply the results for managing corporations and understanding corporations’ operating strategies in the ASEAN region.