NPunto

23

Authors: Ruiz Salvador, I

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first 6 months and the start of AC from 6 months, maintaining BF until 2 years or more. Knowing the benefits and importance of breastfeeding by health professionals can positively influence the support of lactating mothers. Complementary feeding (AC) is defined as the process by which the infant begins to be offered foods other than breast milk or formula milk, but not as a substitute for it. It can be done in a traditional way with crushed foods and administered by an adult or through the Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) technique or translated into Spanish as "self-regulated or self-directed complementary feeding by the baby", where complete solid foods are offered and they are who feed themselves, deciding what to eat and how much. Adequate information for the introduction of CA is essential, both for the practice of BLW and ground foods. We must know how to act in the event of choking or an allergy to any food, so parents should have basic knowledge of first aid in pediatric age at their fingertips.

25

Authors: García Díaz, N

Objectives: The objective of this work is to know what childhood obesity is and its relationship with diet in schools. For them, the prevalence of childhood obesity in Spain is analyzed, the causes that cause it and to prevent obesity or treat it, measures to be taken into account will be identified. Methodology: A narrative bibliographical review, using databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Cochrane, Scielo, among others; and official web pages. Development: Childhood or pediatric obesity is a condition suffered by children between the ages of 2 and 17, and which in Spain affects 5.9% of the child population according to the latest figures. This disease has a great impact on the child´s health, being able to develop concomitant diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders, etc. For all of the above, it is important to detect childhood overweight early to avoid developing obesity in children, we must also know how to prevent it with healthy eating and regular physical activity as pillars of a good base that must be provided in the school environment and in the domestic sphere. Conclusions: Childhood obesity is a serious disease in childhood with a clear increase in this last period of time, for which we must prevent the increase in the number of cases. Thus, we must carry out a series of changes in our lifestyles and even make socioeconomic changes to improve the prognosis and thus avoid the complications associated with this pathology.

41

Authors: Lopetegi Uson, M

Introduction: Food hypersensitivity is a pathology whose prevalence is increasing in recent decades and it is thought that it will continue with the same upward trend. It is the development of an inadequate response (adverse food reaction) against a certain allergen. Although any food can behave as such, certain foods have been identified as more frequent: Milk, eggs, nuts, soybeans, wheat, fish and shellfish. The causes of the pathology are still not clear, so various hypotheses have been developed in order to answer this question. Objective: The main objective of this work is to know the specific care to be given to people with food hypersensitivity at all times of the pathology process in order to improve their quality of life. That is, starting with the diagnosis of the disease to the necessary health education to reduce the impact on quality of life. Methodology: To justify this work, a systematic bibliographic review has been carried out using the corresponding DeCs, MeSH and KW in different databases. In addition, several websites have been consulted. Result and conclusions: The trigger for acute crises is a food allergen, so treatment is based on its avoidance. The absence of certain foods in the diet can lead to a nutritional imbalance and thus lead to comorbidities. Hence the importance of an accurate diagnosis, as well as follow-up due to the possibility of spontaneous resolution. Taking into account the great burden that food has in daily life as part of a basic need such as nutrition, it has a significant impact on quality of life. Nursing plays a key role in this last aspect through health education. In recent decades, great importance has been given to primary prevention and the focus has been on nutritional interventions.