Jornal of Management, Economics and Industrial Organization

1-33.

Authors: Ajay K. Singh, Sanjeev Kumar

Technology transfer (TT) and commercialization is useful to develop new technology, innovation, device, design and product in manufacturing sector. TT and commercialization are essential drivers to create tech-based start-ups, entrepreneurship ecosystem, employment, new market, and increase output, productivity, efficiency and growth of manufacturing sector. However, TT and commercialization from research institutions to industries is relatively lower in developing economies as compared to developed countries. In these economies, researchers and scientists have insignificant understanding on intellectual property rights (IPRs) and its positive implication in manufacturing sector, and legal provision and procedures for utilization of IP protected technology in industrial filed. Therefore, this study provides the progress of IPRs in India during 2006–2007 to 2018–2019. Thereupon, it detects the opinion of 120 experts on TT and commercialization and IPRs. These experts were selected from 40 reputed research organizations of India. Research organizations were applying contractual agreements, licensing for limited time period, agreements with technology seekers and mutual contract for TT and commercialization in. Thus, this study claimed that most research organizations do not have a formal and uniform process for TT and commercialization. Appropriate estimation of economic values of existing technology and innovation are difficult in research organizations. Therefore, Indian research organizations could not nurture a conducive ecosystem to increase TT and commercialization, and business-oriented association with manufacturing firms. This study provides barriers of TT and commercialization in research organizations. Accordingly, several policy proposals were given to resolve existing issues in TT and commercialization, and IPRs in Indian research organizations.

52-62.

Authors: Thesara V.P. Jayawardane

This paper was written with the intention to view and examine the various challenges encountered by the Sri Lankan female workers who work in the International grounds as domestic-aid and to explore how these female workers contribute to the development of Sri Lanka. It intends to examine the various violations of International Law with regards to these female workers and ways to avoid such violations by empowering them. There is a progressive upsurge in the female workers who leave Sri Lanka annually and they contribute to bringing in a significant amount of foreign currency to Sri Lanka’s economy. The literature affirms that there were many cases where Sri Lankan female workers had to face refusal of payments, violation of their employment contract, physical, mental and sexual assaults, and sometimes death. Thus, this can be seen as a significant threat to human rights of these workers. Sri Lanka affiliates with various international treaties and therefore must find means to protect the rights of these female workers are safeguarded. This paper strongly recommends Sri Lanka to implement legal policies, international agreements and national legislations which will safeguard the human rights of these female workers. Currently existing national laws are insufficient since the human rights of these females are violated frequently. The International laws will provide and protect the female workers, but the existing Sri Lankan judiciary does not support that fully. This paper recommends domestic laws, policies, and, practices to be instigated in order to identify resolutions to fight the key concerns.

81-97.

Authors: Isaac Iortimbir Aun

Street entrepreneurship is universal across the world but most common in less developed and emerging economies. The difficulties confronting roadside small business owners in Nigeria is connectivity to funding assistance, as a shortage of resources and metropolitan regulatory requirements and by-laws forced numerous SMEs to convert from licenced to unregistered enterprises. The study examines the impact of roadside entrepreneurship on the performance of SMEs, with a particular focus on operators in the Ilorin city. Since the study population is large and unknown Cochran sample size formula was used to determining the sample size of 385. A questionnaire was designed using structured questions to obtain primary data from respondents in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State. A total of three hundred and eighty-five (385) copies of the questionnaire were administered, out of which three hundred and sixty-eight (368) were complete and found usable. The formulated hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and correlation with the aid of SPSS v21. The study’s findings revealed that; street entrepreneurship transformative measures significantly affect SMEs’ profitability with an R2 value of .863, using correlation a strong positive relationship between this street entrepreneurship transformative measures and customer retention of SMEs with .932 having psychological and personal factors as the highest. Hence, the study concluded that all transformative measures of street entrepreneurship significantly affect profitability, customer and retention. Therefore, it was recommended that state government should consider giving out financial aids to street entrepreneurs and empowerment and assist the transformation of existing street entrepreneurship ventures into SMEs.