Science almanac of Black sea region countries

5

Authors: Vachit Kh. Akaev, Laila M. Ismailova

The achievements of modern civilization associated with the use of scientific and technological achievements, high technologies that determine the development of the economy, social and cultural processes are characterized. There are also noted processes that have a negative character associated with the activities of transnational corporations that generate factors of suppression of the national interests of states, individual peoples involving them in the processes of urbanization, standardization of ethnic cultural values that disfigure traditional spiritual, cultural and moral values.

6

Authors: Svetlana S. Zubareva

The article is devoted to the analysis of specificity of information reality formation in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the appeal to the study of the construction of updated social reality is due to the fact that the specificity of its formation is determined by the transitive state of society itself and the dynamics of social processes. The synergistic approach to the analysis of the essence of the phenomenon of information reality is proposed. The purpose of the study is to analyze the construction of information reality as "social bifurcation", a turning point in the history of Russia. The model of social bifurcation of the Russian sociocultural space, expressed in the development and formation of the information society, based on a set of historical events, fundamental changes in various branches of public life, is proposed. It is noted that during the formation of the updated social reality, various social and economic relations underwent transformation. The key characteristic of updated reality is technology that replaces human activity. However, not only has technological progress become a defining element in constructing the reality of the information society. The author draws attention to the fact that in the countries of the Black Sea region, united by the common cultural history, political and trade and economic ties, this was made possible due to the penetration and entrenchment of the Western European value orientations, lifestyle and the way of perception of the outside world of the information society.

6

Authors: Dinara Ya. Gordienko, Elmira A. Imanmagomedova, Aida I. Akavova

Culture is made up of many elements. Some of the elements are more obvious, others less: clothing, language, food, customs, beliefs, values, religious beliefs, superstitions, etc. In recent years, there has been an increase in academic interest in the culture and heritage of the Black Sea region. The increased emphasis and interest in issues of national identity in the states of the region have made a significant contribution to scientific discussions. The culture and language of Georgia has changed, enriched and developed in the process of centuries-old history, forming unique customs and traditions. At the same time, the issue of national dress in the historical and cultural aspects, its connection with national identity was rarely considered in publications. It was emphasized that the Georgian national costume reveals cultural traditions, history, beliefs, ideas about the beauty of the Georgian people.

7

Authors: Elena V. Dashkova

The concept of "tourism" is a base for a number of phenomena of human existence, directly related to going beyond the boundaries of their everyday life. That is why when we talk about tourism, it is usually not a business trip, but rather a recreational and cognitive journey. The article analyses ethnocultural tourism in the context of intercultural communication. It is justified that ethnocultural tourism, as a collection of tourism practices that demonstrate the most diverse sections of human existence in culture, plays one of the defining roles in the diversity of intercultural communication, familiarity with regional cultures and cognition of traditional ways, values and folk beliefs. Ethnocultural tourism can not only form the historical memory necessary for the formation of civic culture, but also act as a means of aesthetic enjoyment and cognition of forms of culture in their diversity. It has been suggested that ethnocultural tourism requires its participants to be more prepared and willing to learn the specifics of the peoples of Russia and the whole planet, which influences people who choose ethnocultural tourism as a leisure practice and at the same time a spiritual understanding of reality.

7

Authors: Dmitry I. Uznarodov

The specificity of the demographic transformations of the Ukrainian population of Crimea in the period from 1989 to 2014 is considered. Based on the analysis of the popu-lation censuses of 1989, 2001 and 2014, demographic changes within the Ukrainian ethnos are revealed during two periods: from 1989 to 2001 and from 2001 to 2014. The analysis of changes in the number of the Ukrainian ethnic group in the context of the municipalities of the Crimean Peninsula is carried out. It is concluded that the percent-age of the Ukrainian ethnic group in the structure of the population of the Crimean Peninsula, which we could observe in the period from 1989 to 2001, was formed as a result of the policy of resettlement of citizens to this region in the late 1940-s and early 1950-s from various republics of the Soviet Union, mainly the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR. It is noted that the regions with the maximum number of the Ukrainian ethnic group are historically located in the northern regions of the Crimean Peninsula, and with the smallest – in the southern regions. The study showed that changes in the ethnic structure began to occur after the events of 2014 and the entry of Crimea into the Russian Federation, when, according to the 2014 population census, the number of Ukrainians in the republic, compared to 2001, decreased by almost 9%. According to the analysis, if in the period from 1989 to 2001 the maximum scale of the decrease in the number of the Ukrainian ethnic group took place in the central part of the Crimean peninsula, then in the period from 2001 to 2014 the largest scale of the decrease in the number of the Ukrainian ethnic group was observed in the municipalities of the northern part of the Republic of Crimea, which, in our opinion, this is mainly due to the outflow of the population from these territories, due to the negative reaction of some Ukrainians to the events of the "Crimean Spring" 2014.

8

Authors: Fatimet N. Khuako

The subject of the research is the Circassian aesthetics. The linguistic panorama of the Circassians carries the Russian-Circassian double-digit core, which explains the need to turn to the modern author`s creation of a text from the standpoint of communication, taking into account the ethno-peculiar in concrete aesthetics. It is emphasized that the attention of researchers to the issues of mental thinking in the double-digit linguistic design of a literary text is increasing today. It is shown that in the bilingual Russian-Circassian space, throughout its existence, textual impregnation has been combined into the presentation of various expressive means, semantically saturated with the Circassian mentality, designated as "mental phrasemes". It is concluded that word-creators, who are themselves native speakers of the national language, deliberately and systematically include in the text they produce, the corresponding expressive phrases, sometimes colloquial, but bearing the tonality necessary for the authors. The conclusion contains the idea that the modern Circassian author manages to consider in an artistic presentation philosophical truth that continue to fill mental interests to this day. As a methodology used in the study, the periodical comparison of the conceptual data available on the issue is mainly used, as well as the terminological analysis produced on its basis, which helps to capture an objective perspective of the problem with the involvement of textual illustrations.