International Journal of Graduate Research and Review

5-10

Authors: Manoj Sharma

Cooperatives are community-based autonomous organization which is member-owned, managed, and controlled. The cooperative model of production and marketing at the grassroots (i.e., community) of Nepal is seen as an instrumental strategy towards agricultural growth and commercialization. The persisted cooperative movement of Nepal up to 1991 and breakthrough as Cooperative Act 1992 has helped to alleviate poverty through empowering the poor community at institutional, economic and social level through employment generation, increasing incomes, improving health, education and sanitation, women’s empowerment, better physical infrastructure, and also due to food security. Despite of these impressive outcomes of cooperatives, there are still a lot of lacunae to be addressed at different aspects like managerial, policies, human resource management, and R&D. Thus, the attitudes of government and the generality of the people must be changed positively towards cooperative development, since it will be too difficult to achieve meaningful balanced development without involving abundant small farmers, for whom cooperative approach is highly contributing to capture economies of scale.

19-33

Authors: Irwan, Ridwan, Mustainah, Ani Susanti

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the performance accountability system policies of government agencies in the government of Central Sulawesi and to obtain new concepts for the development of public administration, especially public policy. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. The location of this research is the regional apparatus in the Central Sulawesi Provincial Government. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. There are 7 informants. Technical samples using purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques were carried out in stages: 1) Clarifying data; 2) Grouping data; 3) Processing data; and 4) Describe the data as a whole. The results and discussion of the research are based on Grindle's theory which consists of 2 (two) main factors namely policy content and policy context. Policy content: 1) Parties whose interests are influenced, both policy makers and policy implementers whose interests are not affected; 2) The benefits obtained to improve efficiency, effectiveness and productivity of bureaucratic performance are not optimal; 3) The expected changes have not changed the behavior, attitudes, and culture of the performance of policy implementers; 4) The position of the policy maker has been done well because it has involved the stakeholders and takes into account its complexity; 5) Program implementers implement SAKIP policies quite well in accordance with the duties and functions of their respective positions; 6) Commitment to resources has not yet received legislative and executive support. Policy context: 1) The power, interests and strategies of the actors involved have not been a driver in the policy context for the achievement of SAKIP policy content; 2) Institutions and regime characteristics do not yet support SAKIP policies; and 3) Compliance and responsiveness, policy implementers have not complied and responded well to the contents of SAKIP policies.