International Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

91-93

Authors: Zahra Mozaheb

Ocular involvement in patients with hematologic malignancies especially Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) remains frequently unrecognized and in consequence not adequately treated. Ocular involvement in different subtypes of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is more common than Hodgkin's lymphoma, including predominantly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma. In this report, we present a patient with marginal zone B cell lymphoma that was diagnosed and treated with R-CHOP. He had relapse after three years and treated with R-Bendamustine and again achieved complete remission. He presented with redness of eyes about 2 years later, on July 2017. At first he was treated for conjunctivitis, but subsequently orbital mass was reported in MRI which biopsy from his conjunctive showed low grade lymphoma infiltration in conjunctiva. He did not have response with chemotherapy R-Bendamustin, but he achieved complete response with radiotherapy. Hematologic malignancies with eye involvement may cause permanent damage of visual acuity and its timely recognition and treatment can prevent unnecessary visual loss.

101-106

Authors: Tahani O. Alkahtani, H. I. Almohammad, Halima Hawesa, Arwa H. Alhulwah and Hind D. Qasem

Osteoporosis is a bone density associated disease that causes fading of the bone structure and function, which thereby makes the bone fragile. This fragile bone can be easily fractured as a result of mechanical forces, or events that would otherwise not cause a fracture if the bones were healthy. Most previous studies have been conducted on postmenopausal females. The few studies that have been conducted on a Saudi population have primarily focused on risk factors for osteoporosis in women > 60 years of age or who are postmenopausal. This study aimed to evaluate younger, premenopausal Saudi females, <59 years old to investigate the impact of Body mass index (BMI) on bone mineral density (BMD) using a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) machine. Cross-sectional observational study of 100 Saudi women aged 19 to 58 years. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from each participant’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of her height in meters (kg/m2). The DMS PEGASUS SMART Bone Densitometer, Mauguio, France, was used for portable quantitative ultrasound (QUS) with a Caucasian ethnicity setting and measurement of the right calcaneus bone. The mean age of the participants was 29.62 year (SD ± 10.25), range (19 to 58 years). A total of 5% exhibited evidence of osteoporosis and 64% had normal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA). The average BMI was 24.7268 kg/m² and average SOS was 1,390.28 m/s. Spearman’s rho showed weak negative correlation between BMI and SOS (p = 0.001≤ 0.05 and r= -.331) and fairly positive correlation between BUA and SOS (p = .000 ≤ 0.05 and r = .463). Furthermore, none of the participants in the low and normal BMI category showed evidence of osteoporosis. A total of 6.9% of the participants in the overweight BMI category showed evidence of osteoporosis, and 17.6% of those in the obese BMI category had evidence of osteoporosis. In conclusion, low and high BMI were positively correlated with low BMD regardless of age. A BMD screening test using QUS should be considered as primary screening for BMD in pre- and postmenopausal females with low or high BMI, to prevent future development of osteoporosis. QUS should be used for primary screening because it is, portable, fast, efficient, user friendly, widely available and uses non-ionizing radiation.

113-119

Authors: Syed M. Hasnain, Alanoud A. AlQassim, Halima A. Alsini, Abdulrahman S. Al-Frayh, Futwan A. Almohanna, Mohamed M. Shoukri and Sultan T. Al-Sedairy

Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis have increased in the pediatric and adults populations in Saudi Arabia. Apart from traditional lifestyle, the hot temperatures force families to spend more time indoors, resulting in high probability of individuals’ exposure with the indoor allergy sensitizers. In order to evaluate their impact in the allergic population, a nationwide study of various allergy and asthma sensitizers was conducted simultaneously in several cities of Saudi Arabia including coastal and non-coastal regions, during 2015-2016. A total of 560 house dust samples (HDS) from 164 allergic patients and 396 control homes were collected in sterile ziploc bags, by vacuuming from seven regions. Samples were sieved, extracted in PBS-Ph8 and analyzed by ELISA using seven different antibodies from Indoor Biotechnologies (Cardiff-UK). The targeted allergens included Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1), Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f1), Blattella germanica (Bla g1, Bla g2), Felis domesticus (Fel d1), Rattus norvegicus (Rat n1) and Blomia tropicalis (Blo t5). Chi-square test and odd ratio to test the association between patients and controls as well as detection rate in coastal and non-coastal cities were conducted. The analyses of data between patients and controls as well as coastal verses non-coastal regions revealed quantitative variations in their threshold values. Der p1, Der f1 and Blo t5, the three house dust mites (HDM) antigens were higher in the coastal regions compared to non-coastal. While the other allergens viz. Bla g1, Bla g2, Fel d1 and Rat n1, exhibit an opposite trend. Significant levels for Bla g1 in Makkah (p < 0.0001) and Riyadh (p < 0.0006), Rat n1 (p < 0.0001) and Blo t5 (p < 0.0038) for Riyadh were obtained. The results are expected to help physicians, allergists and hospitals in selection of appropriate diagnostic test panels and may further help in therapeutic and preventive approaches on a regional basis.

124-131

Authors: Pérez-Alvarado C. M., Vargas-Madrazo E., Montes-Villaseñor E., Valdez-Betanzos A., Aranda G. E. and Hernández-Aguilar M. E.

Integrative Medicine is a growing branch of medicine which integrates the best aspects of conventional (allopathic) and complementary and alternative medicines. This kind of medicine recognizes that the mechanistic, fragmentary and linear view of science, i.e. reductionism, has many limitations, particularly in biological and medical sciences. Moreover, Integrative Medicine provides a particular care to each patient, orienting its practices towards healing and emphasizing the therapeutic relationship. Its principles harmonize with the proposals of Systemic Biology which acknowledges the complexity, integrality and holistic nature of living beings. Based on the aforementioned postulates integrate our Five-Spheres Model for patient care.