Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine

5

Authors: Olaniyi T. A., Popoola M. A., Olaniyi O. A., Faniyi T. O. and Iniobong U.

The relationship between morphological traits and body condition score (BCS) of indigenous sheep breeds was assessed. A total number of 400 indigenous sheep were sampled. Twelve body measurements were taken from these sheep; these measurements were then used to estimate body indices of these animals. Data were subjected to General Linear Model and correlation using SAS. Results revealed that there were significant effects (p>0.05) of sex on some morphological traits and body indices of the sheep. There were negative and significant (p<0.01) correlation between body condition score and height index, over increased index, index of chest compression, cephalic index and dactyl thorax index. There were positive and significant (p<0.01) correlation between body condition score and length index, weight, thoracic development and conformation index. It was concluded that there was low correlation between BCS, morphological traits and body indices of sheep except in conformation index. This implies that increase in conformation index will result in increase in BCS and vice-versa.

6

Authors: Arup Sen, Samuel Muhit, Rahul Das Talukdar Avi, Razib Das, Mahfuza Akther and Abdullah Al Mamun Shagar

The present study aimed to determine clinical prevalence of diseases and disorders in cattle and goat at the Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Beanibazar, Sylhet district of Bangladesh from August 2016 to July 2017. A total of 988 clinical cases (683 cattle and 305 goats) were recorded and analyzed. Each clinical case was diagnosed on the basis of general examination, clinical examination, microscopic examination and using common laboratory techniques. The clinical cases were categorized into three categories based on the treatment required (Medical, Gynaeco-obstetrical and Surgical). Among the clinical cases, highest percentage was found for medical (cattle 86.82% and goats 95.41%) followed by surgical (cattle 7.47% and goats 4.26%) and gynaeco-obstetrical (cattle 5.71% and goats 0.33%). Within the medical cases, gastrointestinal nematodiasis (cattle 15.96% and goats 14.75%) and digestive disorder or diarrhea (cattle 13.62% and goats 12.79%) were recorded as main diseases in cattle and goats. On the other hand, gynaeco-obstetrical and surgical cases were found as significant (<3% in each occurrence). The current investigation could be helpful in designing control measures for the prevalent diseases.

12

Authors: J. G. Josiah, I. C. J. Omalu, J. Y. Adama, I. A. A. Ejima and O. A. Obi

Among the parasitic diseases that thrive in warm and humid areas, Haemonchus contortus is considered to be the most prevalent and devastating species of small ruminant. The present study was carried out to evaluate the activities of leaves and seeds of Parkia biglobosa against adult and larvae (L3) of H. contortus. In vitro activities were screened by preparing aqueous and methanol extracts of both leaves and seeds of P. biglobosa in comparable to controls. Ten worms were exposed to treatment of each plant extract and Albendazole in separate Petri-dishes with 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg/ml of the same volume. The negative control received Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). For infective larvae, 20 L3 were pipetted into 96-flat-bottomed microtitre plate and mixed with the same volume of different concentrations similar to that of adult. The result revealed that, all the adult worms exposed to 32 mg/ml of Albendazole and plant extracts were found dead at 12 hours; whereas none of the worms was found dead in PBS up to 12 hours post exposure. The result of larvae showed that the leaves and seeds extracts of P. biglobosa exposed to L3 of H. contortus exhibited less anthelmintic effects in comparable to Albendazole. Albendazole exhibited anthelmintic effects in a dose dependent manner and about 88.5% of L3 were found dead at 12 hours post-exposure at concentration of 32 mg /ml. But for plant extracts, at 32 mg/ml, less than 40% of L3 were found dead at 12 hours post exposure. All L3 larvae survived in PBS up till 12 hours post exposure. It is therefore, concluded that, 32 mg/ml of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaves and seed of P. biglobosa have higher adulticidal activity at 12 hours post exposure but lower larvicidal activity against H. contortus. However, it is recommended to carry out the in vivo study to assess the toxicological effect and recommended doses in goats.