Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine

Number 2(1), 2017

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Prevalence and risk factors of the Bovine Thelaziasis at Mersa Town, Ethiopia

Authors: Mulat Asrat

Abstract

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2014 to June 2015 in the Mersa Town of South Wollo Zone, Amhara Regional State to determine the prevalence of Thelaziasis in cattle and to assess associated risk factors responsible for the occurrence of the disease. A total of 384 cattle of both ages (98 young and 286 Adult) with two sexes (203 males and 181 females) were grossly examined by flushing the conjunctival sacs and lachrymal duct with sterile saline solution. The prevalence of thelaziosis was 18.23% (70 cases). Age, sex, body condition scores and management systems did not show any statistical significant difference (P>0.05) for the prevalence. The prevalence was higher in male (24.12%), young (26.53%), and extensively managed cattle (20.69%) than their comparative female (11.6%), adult (18.38%), and semi-intensively kept animals (13.01%) respectively. Regarding body condition scores, the highest prevalence of bovine Thelaziasis was recorded in poor body condition cattle (30.19%) while the lowest was recorded in cattle with good body condition scores (14.48%). The results of the present study showed that bovine thelaziosis requires special attention considering its impact on cattle production and productivity.

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Management of peroneal nerve paralysis in a three months old puppy using a tendon transplantation technique

Authors: J. O. Omamegbe and A. V. Okorie

Abstract

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A severe right hind limb paralysis due to injury to the peroneal (fibular) nerve was characterized by knuckling of the paw, over extension of the hock, dragging of the limb and excoriations on the dorsum of the digits. Management of the case therapeutically and conservatively over a period of three weeks was not rewarding. The case was eventually and successfully managed by the relocation of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) to the long digital extensor tendon (LDET). The surgical procedure was relatively easy. However, the post-operative management and retraining of the puppy to enable it use the flexor tendon as an extensor was difficult and protracted but was successful. The puppy regained normal limb placement and near normal gait about two months postoperatively. It was eventually discharged after three and half months of management.

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Comparison of growth and heterosis of body parameters of two varieties of snail [Archachatina marginata (Swainson1821)] and their crosses reared under tropical conditions

Authors: Okon, B., Ibom, L. A., Sam, I. M. and Ibiang, N. O.

Abstract

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The main objective of this paper was to compare growth traits and heterosis of body parameters of two varieties of Archachatina marginata (var. ovum and var. saturalis) and their crosses under experimental conditions. Three hundred (300) juvenile snails (Archachatina marginata), one hundred (100) each of A. marginata var. ovum, A. marginata var. saturalis and their crosses with mean body weights of 12.40 ± 0.58 g were used for the study. The snails were randomly allotted using completely randomized design into three (3) treatment varieties. Results from the study showed significant variety effect (P<0.05) on final body weight and average weight gain. The crossbred variety recorded the highest average weight gain compared to the other two varieties. No significant (P>0.05) variety effect was observed on daily weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The crossbred variety recorded the highest final body weight and final shell width, indicating heterotic effects on these two bodies and shell parameters. Significant variety effects (P<0.05) were observed on body weight, shell length and shell “mouth” length. The low heterotic values obtained for body weight and the shell parameters supported the assertion that growth traits have low heterotic values which may be due to their high heritability. Though, low and positive heterotic values were obtained for all parameters studied, the crossbred variety recorded the highest heterotic values, which indicated that it may have heterotic advantage over the purebred varieties.

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Small ruminant lungworms: Parasite detection, identification and prevalence estimation in three districts of South Wollo, Ethiopia

Authors: Tefera Kassa, Tewodros Alemneh and Dawit Akeberegn

Abstract

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The prevalence, species, age, sex and seasonal variation of lungworm infection in small ruminants were studied using Coproscopic and Postmortem examinations in Three districts of South Wollo: Kombolcha, Dessie and Kalu. Faecal samples were collected from 586 sheep and goats of all age groups (below 6 months, 6 months to 2 years, 2 to4 years and above 4 years) and both sexes. Modified Baermann technique was used for extraction of L1 larvae from the faeces. Post-mortem examination had also been done on 98 animals in Dessie abattoir during the study period. An overall prevalence of 31.2% and 7.1% were detected by faecal and post-mortem examinations, respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was found between areas of different altitude with an infection rate of 47.5%, 35.5% and 28.5% in Dessie, Kombolcha and Kalu respectively. Factors such as age, species of parasite, season and origin of animals showed significant differences (p<0.05) on the prevalence of small ruminant lungworm infection. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) observed among sex, species, management system and body condition score of animals. Due to its impact on production, emphasis should be given for the control and prevention of lungworm infection in the areas.