Duazary

120-121

Authors: Guillermo Augusto Ceballos-Ospino, Oskarly Pérez-Anaya

La revista Duazary surgió en el 2004 y en ella se publica información científica sobre temas de salud, desde perspectivas amplias y generales de la salud pública, hasta temas especializados y concretos de áreas clínicas. Ha sido clasificada en categoría C por Publindex–Colciencias ininterrumpidamente a partir del año 2007 hasta la actualidad; así mismo, se encuentra indexada en más de treinta bases, directorios, repositorios e índices entre los que se destacan CAB Abstracts, Emerging Sources Citation Index e Index Copernicus.

131-140

Authors: Fátima Rodríguez-Acosta, Silvina Fernández, Sol Haim, Marta Mollerach, Wilma Basualdo, Héctor Castro, Beatriz Quiñónez†, Rosa María Guillén-Fretes

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that can produce several infections with a wide range of severity and it has the ability to adapt to different tissues. The epidemiology is complex, due to circulation of many different clones worldwide, so the analysis for its identification requires reproducible and high discriminatory power molecular methods. The aim of this study was to standardize the molecular technique multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) for the genetic variability analysis of S. aureus isolates, previously characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The MLVA was made by PCR amplification of seven VNTR locus (clfA, clfB, sdrC, sdrD, sdrE, sspA y spA). A high level of reproducibility has been reached in the study. The use of isolates previously typified by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), PFGE, locus spa and cassette SCCmec, allowed to validate the MLVA clusters comparatively. The isolates that were clustered by MLVA as the same isolate, showed the same results by other molecular techniques, and the MLVA can distinguish isolates with identical PFGE patterns. This technique meets all the criteria of a useful molecular typification technique.

149 - 159

Authors: Viviana Calderón-Ramírez, Adalgisa Alcocer-Olaciregui, Rusvelt Vargas-Moranth

The objective was to set the epidemiological profile of suicide attempts by chemical substances in Colombia during the period 2007-2013. It was carried out a descriptive cross sectional study. Data were obtained from Public Health Surveillance system (SIVIGILA) about poisoning chemicals 2007-2013. It was found that 55% of cases in 7 years of study corresponds to the female gender. 73% of cases occur from 10 to 29 years, with the highest concentration(31%) in the group of 15 to 19. By ethnicity the Black, Afro Colombian Mulato and shows a high number of cases from 2007 to 2009 and indigenous show an upward trend from 2011 to 2013. Most people who attempt suicide are single (58%) have a high school education (50%) and live in municipal head. Approximately 0.05% of the women who tried to kill themselves, were in a state of pregnancy. In conclusion, a significant incidence of suicide attempts was found with chemicals, and for analysis must take into account the socio-cultural characteristics of the regions and population groups that make up the Colombian nation.

169 - 178

Authors: Oscar Alberto Villegas-Arenas, Jaime Gómez, Jorge Uriel-López, Richard Nelson Román, Jazmín Eliana Villa, Jéssica Botero, Nathalia García

Contact with objects and people in the hospital environment promotes the spread of germs that threaten patients; hand washing is a key strategy to prevent infections. Adherence to hand washing of health care officials was measured according to the Five Moments of Hand Hygiene of the WHO (World Health Organization). This transversal and quantitative study evaluated the adherence to hand washing in outpatient and emergency personnel of Assbasalud ESE, as well as the impact after receiving training. It was conducted in three phases: pre-training, training and posttraining. The final sample was 128 employees in nine bank suite’s (30%). The adhesion measurement was approved by the Executive Quality Committee of Assbasalud ESE. The factors that were evaluated were: hand hygiene, use of nail polish and use of jewels, as well as the relevance of the substances used for aseptic. The overall adherence of hand washing in phase one was of 61.8% and for the second phase, of 78.3%. These are positive results with reference to national and international studies. It was concluded that hand washing, valued at 67.1% during the third quarter of 2013, is an excellent strategy to reinforce patient safety and to prevent hospital infections.

188 - 196

Authors: Silvia Llorens-Folgado, Ana Pérez Fernández-Rius

Intestinal microbiota (MI) imbalance affects obesity development. Strategies to treat obesity involving to restore this balance, by manipulation of the MI. The effectiveness of fecal transplantation (FT) in certain pathologies, supports as an alternative therapy. The community of Pima Indians (PI) are a benchmark in the study of the etiology of diabetes mellitus type II and obesity. FT was analyzed as a preventive strategy in the development of obesity in PI. To do this, scientific evidence was collected through a qualitative systematic review from 2000 to 2013. The results showed an increase of 112% in the number of scientific publications that associate health to MI. 13% relate an association of MI with obesity. No studies of the MI composition for PI were found. Regarding the FT, was found that this was the treatment less used to restore microbiota. It was concluded that there is a growing scientific interest in the study of MI and two research gaps were evident: the MI composition for PI and studies about the use of FT to determine its effectiveness as a preventive therapy of obesity.

204 - 211

Authors: Ana Isabel Caro-Freile, Roberto Carlos Rebolledo-Cobos

Physical activity refers to the body movement that generates energy expenditure, its frequent practice improves physical and mental functions; Active transportation, daily activities and recreation correspond to the most common form of physical activity. In Colombia the majority of the population is inactive, children are more active, but this condition decreases with age, the percentage of college students who engage in physical activity is low, this practice is conditioned by internal motivation, physical condition, Availability of time and social support. The taste for sports, the competitive spirit, the improvement of the corporal image, the management of the stress and the benefits for the health are motivating factors for the practice of the physical activity in university students; On the other hand, laziness, fear of injury, lack of sports scenarios and insecurity of the environment are the most frequent barriers to physical activity in this population.