International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

6

Authors: Kedar Nita M and Chakole Dinesh Pandurang

Anal fissure is the most common cause of sever anal pain. Fissure typically causes severe pain after defecation and bleeding per rectum. Fissure is quite common in the general population. If acute fissure is not treated properly then they become chronic with non-healing fissure in ano. It may present as complicated condition when it is associated with persistent constipation. This chronic inflammatory process leads to anal fistula that is a hollow tract leading from the anal canal to the skin through which watery pus drains. In this study patient was presented with chronic fissure in ano with sentinel tag associated with fistula in ano. This case was treated successfully with Ksharasutra a medicated thread.

7

Authors: Anjali, Gunjan Sharma, Aditi, Priyanka Rani and Renu Rao

Netra is an important sense organ. In the current scenario with the use of advanced technologies like computers, internet surfing, television, Mobiles, use of air conditioners, people are facing more polluted, dusty, dry and hot environment. Due to all these unhealthy surrounding and life style changes the organ which is first and foremost at risk is eye, causing disorders like ‘Dry Eye’. It is a tear film disorder caused by tear deficiency or excessive tears evaporation which results in ocular surface damage.The available modern treatment for dry eye has same lacunas like frequent instillation develops drug toxicity and costly regime. To overcome these lacunas and increased prevalence of the disease, it is necessary to look for alternative therapy. Ayurveda, the ancient system of medicine gives valuable guidelines not only in treatment aspects but also in preventive line. There is a great need to find out an ocular procedure for prevention and treatment of eye diseases having no or least adverse effect.According to Ayurveda,the symptoms of dry eye can be co-relate with Shushka-Akshipak, and at the same time treatment modalities are described like Tarpana a line of treatment. Tarpana is one of the local therapeutic procedure which if promptly used shows objective evidences of excellent responses. In this article there is a review on Netratarpana in Shushkakshipaka w.s.r to Dry Eye, their indications, contraindications and possible mode of action is discussed.

7

Authors: Senerath SHAPB, Jayasiri APA and Weerasekera K. R.

Ayurveda medicine originated in India more than 2000 years ago but even today, it can fulfill the requirements of modern health issues including non-communicable diseases. Among the noncommunicable diseases; heart diseases (Hridroga) have become a major problem in today’s society. For Hridroga, Acharyas of Ayurveda have prescribed various remedies. Arjuna Ksheera Paaka is one of the popular remedy form of decoction (hot infusion), was mentioned for treatment of Hridroga and it include Arjuna (Arjuna terminalia) as an ingredient. Arjuna Ksheera Paaka can be prepared as a powder form as an experiment by concerning of easy applicability for patients with their busy lifestyle. Therefore this study was conducted to compare the physio-chemical parameters of Arjuna Ksheera Paaka and it's powdered form using analyzing methods under modern technology. The decoction (Kashaya) form of Arjuna Ksheera Paaka was prepared according to the method described in Ayurveda Pharmacopeia and converted it into powdered form using freeze drying method. Then both preparations have been chemically analyzed separately. Results shown both preparations were positive for Proteins, Carbohydrates, Phenols, Tannins, Flavonoids and Alkaloids. Evaluated pH values shown that it was nearly similar in both preparations. Saponin test was positive in both forms but powdered form has given lower intensity as compared to Arjuna Ksheera Paaka. By comparing the chemical properties of these two medicinal forms are including similar chemical compounds, it can be concluded both preparations are exactly similar in biologically active chemical constituents that can be use in medicinal purposes

7

Authors: Markam Jyoti, Soni Neha, Gupta Amit, Singh Rajesh Kumar and Gupta R.P

Scabies is one of several skin conditions that can cause itching and rashes. Human scabies is a parasitic infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei varhominis. Scabies is contagious and can spread very easily from person to person through close physical contact. Outbreaks mainly occurs in settings such as the family home, child care group, school class, nursing home, or prison which cause unpleasant feeling on skin that makes the sensation to a person for scratch or strong desire to do something is called itching, Rash, Sores etc. Globally, it affects more than 130 million people at any time. Rates of scabies occurrence vary in the recent literature from 0.3% to 46%. Various medicinal plants used in Ayurveda like Karanja, Karavira, Vidanga, Nimba etc. for treating Kandu or Kachhu. This review is mainly focused on the concept of scabies, different plant resources known to have anti-parasitic and anti-itching potential. Precise scientific investigation of drugs from herbal resources must be done to develop a potent, safe and reliable therapy.

9

Authors: Monika Agrawal, Saurav Sharma and Makhan Lal

Haritaki (Terminalia chebulaRetz.) is a drug of paramount importance in Ayurveda. It keeps all the three doshasin equilibrium, cleans the channels as well as nourishes all the dhatus (tissues) of the body. It is an effective drug in various diseases like Agnimandya (poor digestion), Grahni (Irritable bowel syndrome), Vibandha (Constipation), Vishamjwara (Malaria), Gulma, Kamla (Juandice), Kasa (Cough), Kustha(Skin disease), Ashmari (stone) etc. It is also Rasayan (Rejuvenating) and Vayasthapka (age delaying). It is rich in various phytochemicals including tannins, phenolic compounds and flavanoids. It exhibits a number of important pharmacological activities like Antidiabetic activity, Antiplasmodial activity, wound healing activity, Antiulcerogenic activity, Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. Haritaki is a wonder drug which is not only preventive, promotive (of health) as well as curative in action.

9

Authors: Hivale Ujwala S, Bhusal Nirmal and Mangal Gopesh

Pakshavadha a peculiar Vatavyadhi characterised by Chestanivritti (inability to move), Ruja(pain), Vakstambha(aphasia or disorder of speech) , Sirasnayushosh, Hasta, Padasankocha, Toda. Pakshavadha is Madhyammarganusarivyadhi which is very difficult to treat. On the basis of clinical sign and symptoms Pakshavadha could be considered as ischemic stroke. A 35 yrs old female diagnosed case of CVA, with complain of muscular weakness and pain in left upper and lower limb, difficulty in walking, deviation of angle of mouth was towards the right side. She had slurred speech, swelling in right hand and right leg. The case was managed by Ayurveda Panchkarma procedure and internal medicines. Classical Virechana karma followed by Shalishastipinda Sweda and Mustadiyapana Basti with some Shaman Aushadhi was highly effective in the management of Pakshavadha (cerebrovascular disease) which provides better quality of life to the patient.

10

Authors: Deepshikha, Amit Kumar Rai, Utkarsh Gupta and Garg G P

Background: Malnutrition is a major threat to health of children. It is influenced by several socio demographic factors. Objective of study: To study the prevalence of malnutrition in children visiting BalRoga OPD at a state Ayurveda medical college in Haridwar, Uttarakhand and establish their relation with coexisting factors like age, sex, birth weight, socio economic status, parent`s education, number of siblings, etc. Methodology: The epidemiological study was carried out at BalRoga (Pediatrics) OPD at Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Gurukul campus, Haridwar. A case record format comprising of demographic profile, parent`s education, child`s height and weight, date of birth, birth weight, perinatal history, immunization history, hemoglobin level, family tree etc was prepared. A total of 84 patients were surveyed using the format. Results: A total of 39.28% of all surveyed children were stunted with a maximum incidence in age group of less than five years. A total of 36.90% of children were underweight. Conclusion: This study concludes that children from low socio economic status, illiterate parents, rural background, those born with a low birth weight and having low hemoglobin levels are more prone to be malnourished. The present epidemiological study was executed on a small sample size. Further studies comprising of a larger population should be taken up to arrive at more precise figures.

11

Authors: Sushma P

Ayurveda, the knowledge of life science bestowed health and longevity in the form of preventive and curative measures. Shodhana chikitsa play a vital role in curative measures, because there is no chance of reprovacation of doshas. In Ayurveda all the skin diseases are considered under kushta, but still there is controversy regarding nomenclature of psoriasis. Kitibha, Mandala, Ekakushta etc are taken as Psoriasis. But in this study, psoriasis is correlated with Ekakushta based on clinical features. Psoriasis is one of the burning problems in the medical field. It is a heredo-familial, chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disease of skin of unknown origin. It disturbs the social and personal life of the patient due to ugly appearance. The aim of present study is to assess the role of virechana karma and shaman snehapana comparatively in the management of ekakushta with special reference to Psoriasis. In this study, 30 subjects were divided into two groups, 15 patients in each group and the patients who were fit for snehana and virechana karma were selected. In group-A only virechana karma was administered. In group-B virechana followed by shaman snehapana was administered. For shodhana Go ghritam and for shaman snehapana Brahmi ghrita is used. The assessment of results was made on pre and post treatment data of subjective and objective parameters of study. Clinical signs and symptoms of ekakushta are taken as subjective parameters, PASI score taken as objective parameters. On the basis of results of two groups, it was observed that reduction of symptomatology and PASI Score highly significantly in group-B, i.e.virechana followed with shaman snehapana. So virechana shows significant role in the management of Ekakushta than only shamana snehapana.

12

Authors: Danish Javed and Neelam Sajwan

Kshar is a special ayurvedic herbal preparation for external as well as internal medicinal purposes. It is highly useful drug in terms of surgical interventions. Kshar sutra is a well known application in number of ano-rectal conditions. Researches have explored its significance in chronic problems like fistula-in-ano etc. Kshar is corrosive in nature despite its saumya guna. It debrides unhealthy tissues in a very gentle manner. Methodology: In Vrihadtrayi as well as in laghutrayi, kshar has been exclusively depicted. Search was made in different texts of ayurveda. Major issues and challenges: Kshar karma is the external application of kshar, which should be done under the supervision of experts. Otherwise, it may cause various complications. Kshar has different potencies on which the desired action takes place. When kshar is applied locally in diseased condition, it may harm the healthy tissues also. So, proper care must be taken while it is used. Conclusion: Kshar has gained its popular role in ano-rectal diseases. However, in ayurveda, its scope is not limited to a particular field. Kshar karma has been described in so many conditions, which are still considered as incurable or recurrent in present time.

12

Authors: Avnish K. Upadhyay and Kaushal Kumar

The credibility of community-based medicinal plant-lore is becoming more important for the sustainable utilization and conservation and also towards discovery of new drugs based on folk claims. The present paper deals about the documentation of oriental medicinal attributes of diverse herbs used by the Jaunsari tribes for the treatment of various disorders. Medicinal plants and data of their folk claims was recorded involving interviews, semi-structured meetings, group discussions and reviews of various research literatures published. The Folk-medicine particularly as Ethno-medicinal plants used by Jaunsari tribe in Jaunsar-Bhawar region has great medicinal plant-lore. The scientific name of the plants along with their vernacular names, medicinal uses, parts used, by the tribal people in the study area, is presented. The study revealed that Jaunsari tribal people utilizes an account of about 170 plant species belonging to 72 families for curing different ailments like fever, asthma, chest pain, stomachache, diabetes, disorders of nervous system, tuberculosis, joints pain, paralysis, cut, sore etc.. However, there are insufficient research data on the evaluation and validation of folk medicinal wisdom of various tribe groups including Jaunsaries, particularly on the parameters of Ayurveda and Modern Science.

13

Authors: Neelam Sajwan and Danish Javed

Ayurveda, being an ancient science of longevity, has mentioned to handle many life threatening conditions in its text. Traumatology is also one of them. Wound has been classified as nija and agantuja vrana. Agantuja vrana is considered as traumatic wound. Description of its management is present in Sushruta Samhita, Ashtang Sangrah and Ashtang Hridaya. A rationale approach of its management can be developed as per their text. Modern day concept can be amalgamated for the promising results. Different authors have given their classification as per their criteria. Trauma of all types of injury is considered to treat on a common line of treatment and special treatment modalities are recommended in body part specific trauma.

22

Authors: Roshni K. P

The living body can function normally, only when its Dosas, Dhatus and Malas are in a state of equilibrium. These Dosa, Dhatu and Mala constitute the basis of the physiological and pathological doctrines of Ayurveda. Out of these three doshas, till vata dosha is not getting vitiated, other doshas are unable to make major pathogenesis by independent vitiation. All the doshas depends on Vata dosha. Generally, the basic concepts of the Siddha medicine are similar to Ayurveda. Like in Ayurveda, in Siddha medicine also, the physiological components of the human beings are classified as Vaadham (air), Pitham (fire) and Kabam (earth and water). In this Article an attempt is made to understand the similarities and dissimilarities of the concept of vata dosha between Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine.

6

Authors: Vinod S. Koravi

Yoga as an ancient science can help people live a long and healthy life. This science has now become increasingly popular in many countries. There are several health condition that can be cured or at least alleviated to a great extent, through the practice of this science. Yoga includes asana, Pranayam and exercises that can help body, immunity, increase strength, weight loss, remove stress and relief from pains, infections and disorders. Some of the various yoga poses and techniques can be used to cure numerous conditions ranging from nasal polyps to cancer. Since a sinus infection is one of the most common respiratory ailments that people suffer from, it is only common for them to use natural practices to cure this condition. Yoga practice, which is known as Jala neti or Sutra neti, i.e., cleansing of nasal cavity, throat can help reduce the pain and discomfort due to sinusitis, within a shorter period of time. These procedures are known as neti kriya.

8

Authors: Arti Singh, Prafulla and Prashant D Math

The medicinal properties and clinical uses of thousands of plants have been described in Ayurvedic classics.One such plant mentioned in Ayurveda i.e., Karveer (Thevetia nerifolia). It is used by Ayurvedic physician in various diseases, especially in the skin disease. Karveer are potentially lethal plants after ingestion. All parts of the plants are toxic and contain a variety of cardiac glycosides including nerifolin thevatin A, thevatin B, oleandrin. Ingestion of Karaveer result in nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dysarrythmia and hypocalcaemia in most cases. Most parts of the Karveer plant are poisonous its seeds are mainly used for suicidal poisoning. This article complies all the information related to Karveer such as introduction, historical review, fatal dose, fatal period, karma, indication, therapeutic action, mode of action, sign and symptoms of its toxicity, management, postmortem appearance, medico legal aspects.

9

Authors: Manjusha Sonpipre and Vandana Fating

Ayurveda science is more observed than investigated and it is based on clinical findings. Ayurveda KriyaSharir is mainly based on Dosh, dhatu and Mala. Functions of the body performed by Doshas. Dhatus sustain the body. Malas are waste products formed by digestion(Purisa, Mutra) & Metabolism of Dhatus (Dhatumala). Formation of Malas occurs in their Strotas. Mutra(Urine) is very important entity in maintaining homeostasis of the body. Urine formation occurs in Mutravaha strotas. Main organs of Mutravaha strotas are Urinary bladder & Urethra according to Susruta. Ayurveda advocated that urine is formed from large intestines & not from kidneys. The first stage of urine formation begins in the large intestines where fluids are absorbed into the urinary system. In urinary system urine is formed by filtration & reabsorption. This article tries to review the formation of urine according to Ayurveda.

9

Authors: J. C. Deshpande, A.M.Ghotankar, M.B. Chincholikar and S.R.Utkar

Aim: To standardize seeds of Shitivarak (Celosia argentea var. Spicata) . Materials & Methods: It is a pharmacognostical and physico- chemical study that includes collection , procurement, authentication, panchabhautikparikshan, preparation of sample , foreign matter, moisture content, total ash, extractive study (aqueous and solvent),TLC etc. Results: The standardization of Shitivarak (Celosia argentea var. Spicata) Beej Churna was performed by pharmacognosticaland physico- chemical study. No standardization work of Celosia argentea seeds present in API, therefore standard values are not available to compare. These values of standardization can be used for further studies. Conclusion: According to classical text, morphological characters and organoleptic examination, plant shows the correct taxonomy. But there are not references to compare so these observations and result will be useful for the correct botanical identification and authentication of the drug.

10

Authors: Om Raj Sharma, Sumeet Goel, Deepshikha Arya, Prashant Shinde and Kavita Vyas

Introduction: Indian medical science (Ayurveda) has been incorporated as a part of Indian traditions. At present where health for all is a major challenge, re vitalization for this ancient Indian pattern of understanding and incorporating health with tradition will be a great benefit. Aim of study: To conceptualize and analyse the Sair festival practice in terms of health benefits. Sair Festival: Symbolically it is celebrated as worship to god, but various customs being followed as a part of ritual is a hidden message for identification and protection of important medicinal plants and food items which are being prepared from them and are beneficial for health especially in winter season. Discussion: Indian society is a very religious society, belief in god and worship in any form is almost a part of every Indian. This seems to be a reason why worship of some crops are celebrated in order to inculcate the importance of these crops both financially by protecting the crops and also to make people aware of the benefits of these crops and herbs so that more people include them in their daily life thus getting proper nutrition and health in name of traditions. Use of Kushmand (petha), Tila, Bala, Maize, Apamarg, dhanya and Durva which are really beneficial especially during winters is a great example of inculcation of Indian Medical Science (Ayurveda) in the traditions. Conclusion: Such customs and traditional festivals should be preserved and need to be presented with their scientific aspect to young generation so as to achieve health for all targets.

10

Authors: Mohit Sharma

Tamaka shwasa is a disease in which the patient experience severe symptoms of respiratory distress with extreme weakness, fatigue and mental glooming. Tamaka Shwasa can be correlated with the disease Bronchial Asthma on the basis of its features & etio-pathogenesis. Tamaka Shwasa is considered as Yapya (palliable) because this type of Shwasa roga is not only difficult to treat but also has a repetitive nature. Shodhana procedures and use of internal medication not only detoxifies the body but also provides nutrition & increases the elasticity of lung tissue also helps in developing natural immunity of the body thus decreasing episodic recurrence of the disease and providing long term relief to the patient. Here a sincere effort has been made using shodhana chikitsa and Agastya Haritiki as Rasayana. The current management of Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) by modern medicine is only providing short term symptomatic relief but does not provide any long term relief to the patient. Rasayana plays an important role in rejuvenation of body tissues and providing strength to patient. A case of Tamak swasa is treated with Shodhanachikitsai.e., Vamana karma and Virechana karma followed by Rasayana for 3 months and daily Pranayama. In this case it was observed patient got good relief in the cardinal features of Tamak shwasa.

12

Authors: Saurav Sharma, Monika Agrawal and MakhanLal

Ayurvedic medicinal plants have been used for curing diseases since centuries. There are large number of drugs of plant origin mentioned in Ayurvedic texts which carry potential therapeutic benefits and Vidarikand is one of them. The term Vidari is derived from “vidaarayatiitividari” as per Shabdakalpadruma1 . Its tubers are useful in several disorders including Daha, Raktapitta, Angamarda, Daurbalya, Soshaetc and carry many therapeutic potentials like Brimhan,Vrashya, Jivniya, Rasayan, Shukral, Balya, Varnya, Dahahar etc. It is an important part of Chawanprash, a rejuvenating formulation of Ayurveda. Its pharmacological activity includes Wound healing, Anti inflammatory, Antihypertensive, Immunomodulatory, Anti-oxidative etc. The present article highlights the properties and therapeutic action in Ayurvedic texts along with recent researches of Vidarikand.

16

Authors: K.S.Girhepunje, Varsha Gupta, Rajesh Jain, Amit Nakanekar and O. P. Singh

Sleep is very important factor of human life which plays vital role for the maintenance of good health and well being throughout the whole life. Adequate sleep is essential for the protection of mental, physical and social health. But daytime sleeping may be the serious issue for good health. Not only sleep deprivation at night but also excessive daytime sleeping increases the risk of various metabolic disorders. Various studies have been shown bad effects of daytime sleeping. Prevalence of daytime sleeping is high in developed countries and urban areas. Incidences of metabolic disorders like obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, CVDs, hyperlipidaemia, increased in people who used to sleep at daytime. Daytime sleeping is mentioned in Ayurvedic classics as Diwaswap under the description of chapter Ashtaunindit (~metabolic disorders). It is not recommended regularly as it gives birth to various health issues due to vitiation of all the three Dosha which results in the production of Ama (~toxic undigested food matter). Ayurvedic literature clearly advocated avoiding daytime sleeping and it is only recommended in certain conditions. Daytime sleeping is responsible for the alteration in the circadian rhythm of the body which results in the change of various physiological processes and neuro-endocrine functions. Such changes account for the deposition of adipose tissues and release of certain inflammatory markers leading to various metabolic disorders.

6

Authors: Anuruddh Gupta and Santosh YM

Introduction: Bhagandara (Fistula-In-Ano) is one of the common Gudagatarogasfound in routine practice. Kshar Sutraisthe most popular therapy in managing the Bhagandar. Multiple sittings are needed to alleviate bhagandar with threading treatment. As thread changing process is painful, it often causes fear in the minds of the patients which results in the drop out in follow-ups and causes failures in cure rates. To overcome this problem here an effort has been made to manage a case of Fistula-In-Ano byusing a new techniqueof thread changing which offers less pain and better acceptance by patients. Methodology: Following7 days of the primarykshara sutra threading, the patient was called for thread changing. The Kshara Sutra was taken. The thread was folded from the centre point so that it became double. After cleaning the fistulous tract, the freshthreadwas inserted in the loop of the old Kshara Sutra through proper holding. Then the knot of old thread was opened, so that it became free from both the sides and with mosquito forceps the thread was pulled.In this way slowly the old thread came out and got easily changed with a new thread without any pain and no knots were left inside during changing the thread. Then, knot was again put for the new Sutra and the old one was removed from the centre. So in this way the kshara sutra got changed without any pain. Conclusion: This new technique of Kshara Sutra application and changing was found to be more effective, safe, pain free andoffer better follow up rates in the patients which yields good recovery.

7

Authors: Jaya J S and Lohi Das J

Legumes are considered as the prime source of proteins with desirable nutritional qualities. The qualitative phytochemical and FT-IR spectrum analysis of two different legume cultivators of Vigna mungo and Macrotyloma uniflorum were collected from Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu. Qualitative phytochemical analysis shows the presence of various phytochemicals like protein, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, saponins and carbohydrates. FTIR peaks showed the presence of alkenes, carboxylic acids and alkanes. Further, mechanistic studies on pharmacological evaluation are needed for development of active compounds from these legumes for the therapy and treatments.

7

Authors: Gaurav Soni

Medicine is a persistently advancing and changing discipline. Literary research is a necessity in today’s perspective to get the hidden & unexplored knowledge. The Ancient Vedas are the initially written records of the wisdom & insights of Indian seers & scholars. Many specific words have been explained in the classical treatise in a specific context, several of which are of anatomical utility which is yet to be verified in the contemporary terminology. One of such unexplored term is MamsaRajju(rope like arrangement of Muscles) which is mentioned by Acharya Sushruta. MamsaRajju is specially described in the context of Prushta; which means Pashcchatbhaga of Shareera(back of body), which helps in standing forth prominently. Its position and enumeration are described while explaining the Paribhasha(definition) of various structures like Snayu(ligament), Kandara(tendon) etc in identifying a particular structure. Mamsanibandhani(stabilizing muscle arrangement) is to be used in respect to MamsaRajju as per commentator Acharya Dalhana. As per current knowledge of anatomy, there are complex structures present on the back in the form of muscles, ligaments, bones, joints, fascia and related neurovascular structures. Thus, by critically analyzing these structures, from Rachanatamka(anatomical) purview, we can determine specific anatomical structure which can be quoted as MamsaRajju.

7

Authors: Maind Ashwini A, Doijode Megha S and Zile Kalpana C

In Ayurveda Indralupta (Alopecia areata) is a disease in which hair loss from some part or all areas of our body, usually from scalp. It shows one or more round spot on the scalp. In modern medicine Steroid is the only treatment for this disease Hair often regrows on its own but treatment helps the hair to regrow more quickly. Jalaukavacharana (Leech therapy) is mentioned as Shodhana therapy in Raktapradushaja Vikaras by Sushruta Acharya. Jalauka (Leech) not only removes impure blood from body but also injects biologically active substances which help in management of various disorders like Indralupta (Alopecia areata). In this case report patient with Indralupta (Alopecia areata) disease is treated with local Jalaukavacharan (Leech therapy).

7

Authors: Biswaranjan Mahanta, Sunil Kumar Yadav and Dharmendra Choudhary

Marma’ is that vital weak point of the body surface where trauma or injury may lead to sudden death or deformity in the body. The concept of marma is one element of divine Ayurvedic system of therapy which is popularised since Vedic era. Although the concept of Marma was first documented by Acharya Charak but the most famous text to explore the subject is Sushruta Samhita. They have explained 107 such Marmas (vital points), which are classified in different types according to the various aspects. Depending upon injurious effect, Marmas are of five types like Sadyapranahara, Kalantara pranahara, Vishalyaghna, Vaikalyakara, Rujakara. Out of them Vaikalyakara Marma are the points where injury causes structural or functional deformity. The Vitap Marma is explained as snayu Marma by Acharya Sushruta and sira Marma by Acharya Vagbhatta. Thus, this topic is selected to study its proper location with modern anatomy and also the structural involvement in injury causing Viddha lakshans specifically reproductive deformities as per Ayurveda.

8

Authors: Dinesh Chandra Badwal, Kshiteeja Choudhary and Uttam Kumar Sharama

Hair loss is silent but devastating problem which may occur to a healthy person also. It has been regarded as geriatric physiological phenomena, generally after the mid-forties. In Ayurveda, alopecia may be considered as Khalitya or Indralupta. Indralupta is the type of hair loss in patchy form on scalp and somehow correlates with alopecia areata. It is one among the Kapalagata Roga. As Indralupta is included in Kshudra Roga, and in many Kshudra Rogas, Jalaukāvcahārna is directly indicated. Prachchhan is also mentioned as a favourite method of Raktamokshana in Indralupta. Raktamokshana is indicated in Raktaja Vyadhi that helps in draining the vitiated Rakta, especially Jalauka indicated in Pitta Dosha which in turn plays an important role in Samprapti Vighatana of Indralupta. The vitiated Rakta with Kapha obstructs the hair follicle due to which hair loss is seen. Ayurveda advocates use of purification measures along with topical use of instrument and drug for effective management of Indralupta. Hence, this study aims to analyze and assess Jalaukavcharna indicated for Indralupta in Ayurvedic texts.

8

Authors: Priyanka Rawal and Hitesh Vyas

History of Ayurveda has been glorious and Ayurveda explained all the concept in beautiful manner either it is genetics or any other. There are many concepts like Atulya Gotriya Vivaha, preconceptional care, Beeja, Beejbhaga, Beejbhagavayava Vikara and other Beeja Dushtijanya Roga etc. which shows that genetics is not a novel concept for Ayurveda. The present work is an effort to collect, compile and analyze the references related to genetics in Ayurveda.

8

Authors: Pooja B, Govinda Sharma K and Archana Pagad

Introduction Varti kalpana is a derivative of vati kalpana explained in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics. These are meant for local application and helps in expelling the accumulated doshas from the applied area. There are different types of varti based on its use and indication like yoni, guda, shishna, netra, dhumra, nasa and vrana varti. Methods An extensive search for published review and research articles on varti kalpana was done in both print and digital versions of indexed peer reviewed journals. Observation and Results It was found that eleven research works and two review articles have been published in the field of Varti kalpana. Among them three were analytical studies, one SOP, one in vitro study, one case report and five clinical studies. Discussion It is seen that Pippalyadi Varti is effective in Kaphaja Yoni vyapath, Panchavalkaladi and Dhatakyadi varti in Upaplutha yoni vyapath, Nimbadi varti in Shweta pradara, Peelu taila varti in Arshas, Shwitrahara varti in Shwitra. The analytical study was about generation of preliminary standards. The trend of research in Varti kalpana is seen more in Prasuti tantra and Streeroga followed by Shalakya tantra, Shalya tantra speciality. Further clinical study is required on Pathyadi, Darvyadi, Chandrodaya and Vimala varti to substantiate its efficacy. Conclusion Varti kalpana has a wider application in various branches of ayurveda. Hence an attempt has been made to review different research works on varti kalpana and could trace out eleven research works and two review articles that are published. It is also noted that wide field of research area is vacant in Varti kalpana.

8

Authors: Sheetal Tokle, Ram Shukla, and Vibhuti Chudhari

Panchakarma comprises of five Karmas that include Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya and Raktamokshana. Basti is described as complete therapy because it has vast field of therapeutic action. Acharya Charak has mentioned the Samyak yoga, Ayoga and Atiyoga of Panchkarma in Siddhi Sthana. An old lady aged 48 years was treated for Sthaulya(obesity) by Lekhana Basti. During the third, fourth and fifth Lekhana Basti the patient suffered from abdominal pain, headache, pain and burning sensation in anal region and abdomen with difficulty in passing flatus. These symptoms are given in Niruha Basti Ayoga Janit Vyapada by Acharya Charak. One important observation which was noticed in this study was that her blood pressure was increased while she was suffering from these symptoms, but when the patient was treated with Tikshana Niruha Basti made from Madanphal Kashaya as part of management of Ayoga of NiruhaBasti, the patient not only got relief in above symptoms but her blood pressure was also within the normal range. The management of the Ayoga Vyapada in the present case indicates that there seems to be a correlation between Ayoga of Niruha Basti and hypertension. Shirashoola which is a symptom of Ayoga of Niruha basti is also the cardinal symptom of Hypertension. A number of such case studies need to be observed to establish the relationship between the symptoms of Ayoga Vyapada of Niruha Basti and hypertension.

8

Authors: Deepak Sewada, Sunil Kumar and Suman Yadav

The Nadis are energetic irrigation system of human body as they keep us alive. There are 72000 Nadis in number, in which three are most important viz., Ida, Pingala & Sushumna. The term Ida, Pingala & Sushumna are used vastly by different Acharya in respect to nervous system. Ida performs the function that controls all the mental processes. Ida is related to left nostril and, and situated at left side of Sushumna. Pingala is full of energy with high temperature, physical strength, adding vitality and efficiency. It is related to right nostril and situated at right side of Sushumna. Out of all Nadi’s Sushumna is a root that extends from Muladharachakra to Brahmarandhra. It appears that these Nadis are a part of nervous system also they have an anatomical location in the body. Sushumna Nadi can be compared with spinal cord whereas Ida Nadi with parasympathetic & Pingala Nadi with sympathetic activities of the body.

9

Authors: Jyoti Agrawal

Ayurveda is an oldest sustaining science of life, it is not only the ocean of knowledge which heals the disease but also it is a science which treats life and it is a preventive measure for healthy lifestyle. Aahaar (food) plays an important role in preventing diseases and enhancing healing property of the body. It nourishes the body; provides stamina and increases the age, digestive ability, immunity and ultimately gives us a healthy and prosperous life. Aaharvidhivisheshyatan is a unique and very beneficial conceptual principle of Acharya Charaka which is related with selection, adaptation and digestion of food. This basic principle of Ayurveda is based on Agni, dosh, dhatu, mala that maintains the equilibrium (dosha-dhatumala samya). To maintain the health all the eight factors are important but according to modern kala (time of meal), karan (processing of food) and Rashi (quantity) are the most important factors for fruitful and better digestion.

9

Authors: Nisha J. Munishwar and Rakesh B. Bramhankar

In this era, individuals are more prone to “Pradnyaparadha” regarding eating habits and lifestyle. There are many factors that lead to risk of disorders like Kamala which is one of the important diseases of Annavaha Srotasa with predominance of rasa dhatu and pitta dosha. The symptoms of Kamala may be due to various infective or systemic disorders. One of them is viral hepatitis which is most common in tropical conditions like India due to unhygienic practice of food and water intake. Jaundice also known as Icterus, is a yellowish pigmentation of skin, sclera and mucous membranes due to hyper bilirubinemia and deposition of bile pigments. In Ayurveda, Acharyas thoroughly described Kamla along with its cause, signs, symptoms, pathogenesis, complications and management too. Hepatocellular Jaundice can be correlated with Kamla Vyadhi. This case study is explained about effect of ayurvedic Chikitsa Siddhanta (Agnideeepana, Mridu Shodhana) in the management of Kamala.

10

Authors: S. Bharath Narendra and Anita Patel

Klaibya is one of the diseases described by Caraka acharya under the sexual disorders in his samhita. Its signs and symptoms are similar to erectile dysfunction (ED) in modern biomedicine such as, reduced erection, intercourse and ejaculation time (DOER, DOIC and DOEJ). While searching for a remedy it was understood that Bala aswagandhadi taila (BA oil) proves to be quite useful in neurological (vata vyadhi) and muscular problems which may be helpful in making a man get erection. Total of 100 patients were selected randomly and divided in 4 groups. Each group consisted of 25 patients. BA oil was used in all the 4 groups. The patients were validated with 3 subjective parameters DOER, DOIC and DOEJ. And, an internationally renowned scoring termed as Quality of Erection Questionnaire (QEQ) which is an objective parameter. APMB (Ascension Protocol Matra Basti) is a new type of Arohana Matra Basti devised in this study. APMB and Matra basti were administered separately without sthanika abhyanga in group 1 and 2 respectively. And, in groups 3 and 4 they were administered along with Sthanika Abhyanga. The results showed that APMB yielded better results than traditional Matra Basti. And, in groups 3 & 4, the results of Matra Basti and APMB were improved exponentially when given in conjunction with Sthanika Abhyanga.

10

Authors: Devyani Dasar (Reena Jaiswal)

BACKGROUND - Siravyadhana (Blood-letting), a popular Para-surgical procedure in Ayurveda system of surgery is time tested. It has been used for Pain relieving and for expulsion of victimized blood from the body; however mechanism of these effects has not been studied. OBJECTIVES-To evaluate the effect of Siravyadhanatherapy alone and in combination with TrishothadiLepam and also to establish the role of Ayurveda(Classical) technique in the management of Foot Ulcers to make them much more valid and evidence based. STUDY DESIGN-A single controlled clinical study having sample size 20 patients, from OPD and IPD, Department of Shalya-Tantra at TTD’s S.V. Ayurveda Hospital, Tirupati,(AP), were selected on the basis of Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. GROUPING- Group-ASiravyadhana, Group-B- Siravyadhana with TrishothadiLepamDURATION- 42 days (6 weeks),weekly once with follow-up for 3 months.Oxygen saturation was measured with Pulse Oximetry before and after the procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE-Wound healing was found faster in this procedure. RESULTS- Siravyadhana is the most efficacious procedure found in this trial.The statistical evaluations of all the results were displayed in the form of tables and graphs. CONCLUSION-It is found effective in the management of foot ulcers. This procedure showed good effect on inflammatory markers and enhanced the proper circulation at the site of foot ulcer. Application of TrishothadiLepam though did not show any extra advantage but proved good effects on Wound Healing.

10

Authors: Vijay Kappathanwar, Roshi Mahajan, Paramjeet Puri, Rekha Sharma and Shipra Sharma

This ever vibrant science of life Ayurveda has bestowed us with innumerable number of herbs which have great potential in managing various types of ailments. The presently undertaken drug Karchura has been commonly used for the management of several diseases because of its significance for its various pharmacological activities. Ayurveda has given prime importance to shwasa roga as it exists both as an independent disease as well as symptom of other diseases. Shwasa may present as a troublesome disease which should be treated as early as possible. So in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Karchura in the management of shwasa an experimental study was planned. The experimental study was conducted on 24 guinea pigs which were divided into four groups. Standard histamine was used for bronchial constriction and standard antihistamine drug Chlorophenaramine was used to evaluate the Shwasahara (Bronchodilator) effect of Karchura. The efficacy of the drug was evaluated by the difference in change in pre-convulsion time before and after the drug administration. Upon comparing the results to standard antihistaminic drug, the test drug Karchura in its two different forms viz. Mula churna and Mula kashaya showed lesser percent of protection against histamine induced broncho constriction. Whereas on the other hand, Churna form of the test drug Karchura was more effective as compared to kashaya form.

11

Authors: Kruthika B and Niranjan Rao

Pakshaghata is a dreadful disease of modern era as a result of so many health problems such as Hypertension, Atherosclerosis etc. induced due to modern life style and as a complication of the other diseases,it needs panchakarma treatment. Stroke is the 2nd leading cause of death in people above the age of 60yrs, and 5thleading cause in people aged 20 to 59yrs old1 . Pakshaghata can be co-related with stroke phenomena. According to WHO, stroke or CVA is a “rapidly developing clinical signs of focal (or global) disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting 24 hours or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin”2 . Pakshaghata is one among the nanaatmaja vata vyadhi3 , considered as a maharoga from point of prognosis andduschikitsya4 .Here the greatly aggravated vata, invades the shareera dhamani’s causing sandhibandhamoksha and paralyzing one side of the body causing cheshtahani of the side with pain and loss of speech. In this condition the yuktaratha basti which is having vatahara guna is beneficial5 . Hence owing to the simple ingredients with high therapeutic efficacy stated in chikitsa sthana of sushrutha samhitha, yuktaratha basti was selected for the study5 , from OPD and IPD of SDM Ayurveda College and Hospital, Udupi.Yuktaratha basti with moorchitha tila taila anuvasna basti was carried out in all the 28 patients in yoga basti pattern. Results were assessed on the basis of fixed subjective and objective parameters. The study has shown encouraging results on functional knack of pakshaghata.

11

Authors: Ashvin Bagde, Asha Ramteke, Ravindra Dhimdhime and Bharat Kadlaskar

Ayurveda, the science of life has been practiced in India from Vedkala. It is considered as one of the Upaveda of Panchamaveda. The main aim of Ayurveda is to maintain the healthy state of an individual and cure of the diseases. To achieve thesegoals,Ayurveda describedDinacharya (daily routine) in detail. These daily routines have physiological effects on proper functioning of the body thereby maintaining a state of normal equilibrium of three doshas, SaptaDhatus, Mala and the Agni.Ayurveda prescribes Dinacharya modalities like Achmana (Slipping of water), Dantadhavana (brushing of teeth), Jihvanirlekhana (Tongue cleaning) Kavala (swishing) and Gandusha (gargling) to keep up the health of the oral cavity, prevention and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity. Dantadhavana is important procedure in daily routine. According to Ayurvedits regular and judicious use is having a prime role in maintains of the oral health. In today’s life, however due to lack of time and poor hygiene, oral hygiene is not properly maintained. In addition to this, habits like tobacco chewing, smoking etc. have increased incidences of diseases of oral cavity. Now a day’s many people are suffering from dental problems and oral health problems, because of lack of knowledge of “Dantaswasthya”. Hence, DantadhavanaUpakrama mentioned in Dinacharyacan play important role in present situation. Therefore, this review article attempts to explain Dantadhavanain detail as mentioned in Ayurvedic classics and its importance and also explain which precautions should be taken during the time of Teeth brushing.

11

Authors: Prashant Nishad, Varun Rajpuria and Shristi Balbhadra

Marma vigyaan is like a river of knowledge that requires systemic description of Ayurveda as well as modern anatomy with skilled dissection manner, after that we will enjoy the wave of this river. Marma is a liveliest subject in Ayurveda because when we understand the hidden secret of marma and correlate with modern aspect many queries will be answered itself. Vitap is a snayu marma and it can be correlated with inguinal canal which is formed by external oblique aponeurosis. Inguinal canal contains spermatic cord in males and round ligament of uterus in females. Injury on spermatic cord damages vas deferens, testicular vessels, pampniform plexus & ilio inguinal nerve which will definitely cause oligospermia and impotency in male. If the trauma is unilateral on spermatic cord it will produce oligospermia; in bilateral and severe trauma on spermatic cord will cause impotency. Round ligament of uterus maintains the ante version anti flexed position of uterus; injury on the round ligament will cause retroversion of uterus which may cause sterility in female.

13

Authors: Kailash Chandra Kataria and Shrinidhi Kumar K

Hair is important skin appendage which has vital role to play in perspiration and temperature maintenance, but equally important cosmetically. Once own appearance as well as psychological make-up is definitely highlighted by certain external factors like skin complexion, texture and pigmentation of the hair. As we know Hyper and hypo pigmentation of the skin and hairs is a genetically determined entity and shows wide range of variation in its presentation. The biological process of gray hair appears to be associated with the progressive loss of pigment producing cells. Hair is said to gray prematurely when it occurs before the age of 20 in whites, 25 in Asians and 30 in Africans. Canities or premature graying of the hairs in childhood clinical practice is significantly increasing in recent days which can be attributed to significant changes in life style, dietary habits and environmental pollution. Ultraviolet light, smoking, water pollution with increased fluoride contents, drugs, trace elements, nutritional deficiencies and increase in academic stress are certain other causes. In Ayurvedic literature also we come across a disorder by name, Palitya which is confined to scalp hairs and caused by certain external (Agantuka) and internal (Doshic) factors, resulting in discolorisation of the scalp hairs. Detailed explanation of pathology, symptomatology, causative factors, environmental and psychological factors of disease Palitya has been explained in Ayurveda with reference to ShiroRogas. Hence present paper emphasizes the critical analysis of childhood premature graying of the hair in children in present scenario and its Ayurvedic understanding along with preparation of its treatment protocol

14

Authors: Saurabha Nayak, Deba Prasad Dash, Jitendra Kumar Samal, Arunima Meher and Bankim Chandra Senapati

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous (benign) enlargement of the prostate gland. It is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in males such as increased frequency of urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, post-micturition dribbling, inability to urinate, urinary incontinence, dysuria etc. Multiple surgical and nonsurgical options are there for the treatment of BPH which have their own limitations. Hence to find out a safe, economic and suitable medical solution for BPH remains a challenging task. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an Ayurvedic Herbo-mineral formulation (PROSGUARD Capsule) in the comprehensive management of BPH. For clinical trial 50 nos. of male patients with BPH were selected following criteria of inclusion. They were randomly assigned to the Trial Group & Control Group having 40 and 10 patients, respectively. The Trial Group was treated with PROSGUARD and the Control Group was treated with Tamsulosin for a period of 45 days. Subjective assessment was done by parameters like improvement in the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) and improvement in Quality of Life (QOL) Score, both of which are approved by American Urological Association. Parameters like reduction in Prostate size, reduction in Post Void Residual Urine (PVRU) volume based on USG findings and reduction in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level were used for objective assessment. PROSGUARD was found to be effective in both subjective and objective criteria with statistical significance. The results of PROSGUARD were better than Tamsulosin in most of the parameters. Moreover, in terms of safety, tolerance and economy, PROSGUARD was far ahead of Tamsulosin.

15

Authors: Ankita

Ayurveda is the oldest and most popular traditional system of medicine in India. It has been of great relevance since ages. Not only Ayurvedic practitioners but even common people trust on the efficacy of this system. Many herbs and herbal formulations have been significantly used by Indian masses in various dimensions. Oral health is an important aspect of overall health. Although Dentistry has not been mentioned as a separate branch in Ayurveda, yet it has been considered under the scope of ShalakyaTantra. Various dental diseases, their etiology, pathogenesis and treatment are mentioned in Ayurveda. Moreover Ayurveda has given great importance to preventive aspect of dental health. Various herbs and herbal formulations are mentioned in Ayurveda in relation to the preventive as well as curative prospects of dental health. These herbs have found relevance in modern day oral medications too. The present paper mainly aims to discover the role of various herbs and herbal formulations mentioned in Ayurveda

17

Authors: Lovelesh Gupta and Shrinidhi Kumar K

INTRODUCTION: Obesity (Sthaulya) is defined as a condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, to the extent that health may be impaired. (Obesity) is one among the major diseases of modern era. STUDY TYPE: Randomised controlled open labelled interventional trial. AGE GROUP: Individuals of either sex aged between 5-15 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients of childhood obesity for present study were selected from OPD and IPD of PG Department of Kaumarbhritya, NIA, Jaipur after screening them for the same by following different diagnostic criteria’s. Various schools in and around Jaipur were also screened for selection of the patients. Selected patients were randomly divided in Group A and Group B, 15 patients in each group. Group A were advised indigenous Ayurvedic compound i.e. Lekhaneeya Gana Drugs along with Bilvadi Panchamoola along with dietary and life style modification and group B were advised to follow strict dietary restrictions which fulfil the caloric requirement of body and instruction Chart was provided for diet and day to day physical and mental exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Group A administered with trial drug has shown highly significant results in reducing the symptomatology of Sthaulya (childhood obesity) and additional effects in normalising the lipid profile in comparison to Group B. However, Group B treated with only caloric diet as per age and dietetic and life style modification has also shown significant results, thus highlighting importance of diet and exercise in effective management of Sthaulya (Childhood obesity).

6

Authors: Anju B Uppin and Nithin Kumar

The Sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. It is formed in the lesser pelvis by anterior primary root of L4 to S3 nerve roots. The nerve leaves the pelvis by passing through greater sciatic foramen, below the piriformis muscle and runs in the posterior aspect of thigh. Then it divides into Tibial nerve and Common peroneal nerve at the superior angle of popliteal fossa. During our routine dissection, in the dissection hall of SDM college of Ayurveda & Hospital, Udupi, in a 55 year old male cadaver, variation in the division of sciatic nerve at higher level below the level of piriformis muscle was observed. The knowledge of variations in high division of sciatic nerve in gluteal region such as above are very important for surgeons and anaesthetists as this is the area of frequent surgical manipulation. This high division may result in sciatic nerve injury during deep intramuscular injections in gluteal region, failed popliteal block and injury during posterior hip operation.

7

Authors: Roy Neha and Chakraborty Kumar Swapan

Our health is a clear reflection of our food habits. It is said that “you are what you eat” which proves to be true. Ayurveda considers ahara as one of the three trayostambha in maintenance of healthy life. There has been a major change in diet habits with changing lifestyle in modern era. Unhealthy diet and diet habits is one of the key cause of growing global burden of diseases. Ayurveda mentions a number of factors related to ahara which leads to formation of Kushtha. The main objective of the review is to identify these aharaja nidans responsible for kushtha in our diet and interpret these nidanas mentioned in the classics in today’s perspective to prevent the disease and maintain a healthy state of body.

8

Authors: Anjumani Deka and Kaushalya Khakhlary

Striae gravidarum is physiological skin change that occurs during pregnancy. It does not pose a health risk. However, they are often symptomatic causing itching burning sensation, discolouration & linear stretch marks over abdominal wall causing psychological distress to the pregnant women. It is a common disorder that occurs mainly in the second trimester of pregnancy the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of karaveerapatra siddha taila & karaveera karanja patra siddha taila in the management of kikkisa. This study was planned on 40 patients with complaints of itching (kandu), burning sensation (vidaha), vaivarnyata (discolouration) & linear stretch marks (rekhaswaruptwaksankoch). Primi & multi gravid each of 20 no. of patients are treated with karaveerataila in one group and with karaveera-karanjataila in another group. In the study my trial drug karaveerakaranjapatra siddha taila is found to be more effective in both the group primi& multi gravida in comparison with karaveerapatra siddha taila.

8

Authors: Parul Gupta, Ajay Kumar Singh, Amarendra Kumar Singh, Prabhat Kr. Dwivedi and Pankaj Kumar

Objective: To investigate associations between different socio-demographic factors with Panduroga w.s.r. to iron deficiency anaemia. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, with 29 diagnosed cases of iron deficiency anaemia. This study was conducted at the Govt. Ayu. College & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. Informed consent was taken from all patients for their blood tests, research study and its publication in a scientific journal. A questionnaire was administered to them regarding subjective parameters. The data was analyzed statistically. Results: Iron deficiency anaemia was found more common among female patients (82.76 %) than male patients. People living in urban population (55.17 %), low socio-economical status (51.72 %), educated up to school level (41.38 %) followed by illiterate (24.14 %) were more affected. IDA was more common among tobacco consumers (13.79 %) compare to smokers (6.90 %) and alcoholics (3.45 %). Conclusion: This study showed that lack of education, addiction and low socio-economic status are associated with the development of Panduroga. Females are more affected compare to male and urban population is more affected than rural population. It is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development.

8

Authors: Suparna Saha, Omprakash Panwar, Manpreet Kaur, Parimi Suresh and K.ShankarRao

Snehakalpana is a secondary formulation of bhaisajyakalpana. Brahmighrita is such a snehakalpana which is very beneficial in the treatment of unmad, apasmaretc mental and convulsive disorder. Acharyacharak had mentioned brahmighrita in the context of apasmarchikitsa in chikitsasthan. Ingredients of Brahmighrita are Brahmi (Bacopamonnieri), Vacha (Acorus clamus), kustha (Inularecemosa), Shankhapuspi (Convovulus pluricaulis) ,Puranghrita .

9

Authors: Priya Nashine, Kulkarni Prasad, Nakade Mamta and Gaikwad Pranesh

Pranavaha Srotas is one of the thirteen Srotas mentioned in the Samhita. It is responsible for working of Swasan Kriya from birth to death. Any vitiation in it can lead to serious condition which may prove to be a life threatening, therefore it should to protected with utmost care. Swedana therapy is the best treatment for Vata and Kapha dominant diseases. Swedana by its Ushna, Tikshna, Snigdha, Ruksha ,Sukshma guna help to pacify the doshas. Pranavaha srotas Diseases like Shwasa, Kasa, Hikka, Pratishaya Rajyakshma etc. are mainly Vata Kapha dominant condition and to treat them Swedana therapy plays an important role. In the present article an attempt is made to compile all the reference of Swedana Karma pertinence to the diseases of Pranavaha srotas.

10

Authors: Priti Rekha Das and Bishnu Prasad Sarma

Eczema also known as Atopic dermatitis is a non-contagious inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by itching, redness edema, papulovesicles in acute stage; edema and scaling in subacute stage and severe itching, hyperkeratosis and lichenification in the chronic stage. In the developed world Eczema accounts for a large proportion of skin diseases. Current treatment of it provides only symptomatic relief by reducing inflammation and itching. Moreover the allopathic treatment is costly and there are many adverse effects of those drugs. So it has become imperative to search out drugs from natural sources and the herb bhringaraja is one of such kind. The major assessment criteria were itching, erythema, excoriation and oozing. After the complete study which includes treating the patient with orally bhringaraja tablets and locally bhrinagaraja malahar for 60 days, it was observed that the patients who presented with varied degree of symptoms obtained relief to a great extent after the treatment with the Trial drug. The statistical analysis also shows values which are highly significant for the trial drug.

10

Authors: Rashmi Yadav, Sadhana Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, K.N.Dwivedi

Anogeissus latifolia Wall is one of the important medicinal plants in Ayurveda for Diabetes. It is also useful in UTI infections, skin diseases, liver complaints, fever, epileptic fits etc. The plant is rich in pharmacologically active phenolic phytoconstituents like ellagic acid. The tree has been studied for antioxidant activity. It possesses healing potential, microbicidal activities, anti-ulcer potential, hypolipidemic activities and hepatoprotective potential. The present review summarizes the Ayurveda perspective, ethno botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological studies of ‘Dhava’ in recent era.

10

Authors: Rajesh Kumar Meena, Amit Mukherjee and Mukund Supekar

Basti is one of the five procedures of Panchkarma in Ayurveda, Basti the prime treatment in shodhana is considered as one of the most important treatment for many diseases according to Ayurveda classical literature. It is a method of administering enemas with medicated decoctions, oils, ghee or milk through the anal, urinary or vaginal route. This treatment method has both preventive and curative perspectives. Basti being the best in maintaining the quality and quantity of life is described as ardha chikitsha or Half of all the treatments of world put together. There is no cause greater than Vata in manifestation of diseases affecting the shakha, kostha and marmgataroga. Vata is considered to be the main controller of the body, Since the vata is motive force behind the function of elimination or retention of Mala, Mutra, Pitta, Kapha in their respective ashaya. There is no remedy other then the Basti in alleviation of Vata. Therefore some Acharyas opinen that Basti constitutes Half of the treatment. Basti karmas are very much beneficial which pacifies the provoked vata dosha, increases strength of the person, maintain health & longevity. An attempt has been made to review the treatment procedure in Ayurveda.

11

Authors: Mrinalini Damle and Sneha Lonkar

A simple, specific and rapid high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed for quantification of Forskolin (FSK) and Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and also for the determination of stress degradation product as per the ICH guidelines. The compounds were chromatographed on precoated silica gel G 60254 plates using chloroform: methanol (9.5:0.5 v/v), as the mobile phase. The linear regression analysis of data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with R 2 = 0.996 and 0.991 for Glycyrrhetinic acid and Forskolin with respect to peak height and peak area, respectively, in the concentration range of 4–20 μg per spot of Glycyrrhetinic acid, and 40-200 μg per spot Forskolin. Mean recovery for Forskolin and Glycyrrhetinic acid was found to be 100.46% w/w, 100.87% w/w. Statistical analysis proves that the method is repeatable, selective and accurate for the estimation of Forskolin and Glycyrrhetinic acid in pharmaceutical dosage forms as well as their degradation products hence, it can be employed for routine analysis and as a stability-indicating method.

11

Authors: Nitika Ganjoo

Kadara has been enumerated and described in the classical literature under the heading of Kshudra Rogas. However meager this disease may seem to be, it has a major impact on the physical fitness and mental tranquility of the patient1-4 . Kadara as described by the Samhitas can be closely related to lesions of the skin caused by hyperkeratosis. This disease can be correlated to conditions which involve hyperkeratosis of the skin over certain areas prone to mechanical stresses. Ayurvedic classics have advocated the use of various procedures to treat the Kshudra Rogas. Agnikarma has been mentioned for the proper management of Kadara5-7 . The management Kadara is aimed at removal of the hyperkeratosed lesion by Agnikarma along with or without Shastra karma. Fifteen patients having signs and symptoms of Kadara were selected and Agnikarma with Panchloha Shalaka was done. Assessment of the lesion was done before treatment, after treatment and 7 days after treatment. During the course of the study it was observed that while Agnikarma with Panchaloha Shalaka in patients presenting with Kadara showed immediate results by physically burning and destroying the hyperkeratosis lesion. Due to its property of achieving and maintaining high temperature; Panchaloha Shalaka was as useful in treating large and deep Kadara lesions, as much as, it was in management of smaller lesions.

11

Authors: Tejal Gopani,Vidhi Bapna and N.N.Dave

Pippalimoola - Piper longum Linn. (Root), is having enormous therapeutic properties and one of the essential ingredients in many formulations of Ayurvedic systems of medicines. The significance of the drug in Ayurveda can be revealed by the fact that Acharya Charak has included it in agryaushadhi (a list of 152 most important drugs) in chapter 25 of Charak samhita.. As per Ayurveda the drug possesses Katu rasa (pungent taste), Laghu (light)-Ruksha (ununctous) guna, Ushna (hot) virya and Katu vipaka. Classically it is indicated in Krimirog(Worms), Shwasa (breathing problem, or Asthma),Kshaya (Pulmonary tuberculosis), Pliharoga (Splenomegaly), Vishamjvara (Intermittent fever), Arsha(Piles), Urustambha (stiffness of thigh), Vatavyadhi, Anindra(Insomnia)etc. Its main chemical constituents are piperine, piplartine, triacontane, dihydro-stigmasterol, sesamin; methyl 3,4,5, trimethoxycinnamate, two alkaloids piperlongumine and piperlonguminine etc. Its anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial, anti platlet, analgesic, anti-amoebic, anti-fertility, anti-diabetic, Melanin inhibiting activity are proven pharmacologically

14

Authors: Nazia Mehzabeen, O.P. Gupta and Bishnu Prasad Sarma

Vyanga is one of the pitta pradhan, raktadhatu pradoshajajanya kshudraroga. It is described by Acharya Sushruta as niruja (painless), Tanu (thin), shyavavarnayukta mandala (bluish black patches) on the face which can be compared with melasma characterised by dark brownish maculae with irregular contour, especially on the face, forehead, temples and more rarely on the nose, eyelids, chin and upper limbs. It is commonly seen in females than in males. Vyanga, though painless considerably affects a person’s psychological and social wellbeing contributing to lower productivity and self-esteem. The specific treatment in Ayurveda is for the treatment of pitta and its proper elimination, which cures the disease at its roots. The trend of using herbs in the field of cosmetology is increasing world-wide. A clinical trial was conducted with a formulation of few Varnya Mahakashaya herbs in Govt. Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam. The results were highly encouraging.

14

Authors: Hardik Variya, D.S.Dave and Nilesh Jethava

The comparative clinical study of Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara and Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara in the management of Abhyantara Arsha (Internal Haemorrhoid) concluded cases concerned with classical signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha were selected. They were allocated into two groups i.e., Group-A and Group-B. In Group-A Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied and in Group-B Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied in internal haemorrhoids. The signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha was bleeding per rectum, pain, burning sensation, sloughing of pile mass and discharge of Arshas were assessed before and after the completion of treatment. After the treatment Pratisaraneeya Kshara 100% relief was recorded in bleeding, reduction in sloughing of pile mass and total reduction in size of pile mass. On comparison of effects, as mentioned above, it can be concluded that the application of Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara provided better relief in bleeding, sloughing of the pile mass and discharge of the patients in comparison to Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara. In pain and burning sensation better relief in Group A was obtained as compared to Group B. However, all 18 cases of Group-A and 18 cases of Group-B in both groups showed good results in internal haemorrhoids.

31

Authors: Arno Hazekamp

The history related to the use of medicinal Cannabis has been intimately intertwined with India since the beginnings of human civilization. Since its origin in the lower Himalayas, the diverse cultural, medical and religious uses of the Cannabis plant slowly disseminated around the world. After being outlawed as a narcotic drug in the 20th century, Cannabis has been rediscovered as a much needed medicine for chronically ill patients. Since 2000, a number of countries have initialized national programs to cultivate and distribute Cannabis for medical use, and to stimulate research and development to produce modern medicines from this ancient plant. Unfortunately and ironically, India has not benefitted from these developments, despite the countries’ claim to fame as a major source of information about the medicinal uses of Cannabis. In India untreated chronic pain is one of the major sources of patient’s sufferings and Cannabis medicine can prove to be a welcome alternative to the much more risky opioids derived from the Opium poppy. This review paper explores the origins of Cannabis medicine in India, its historical use as a treatment for chronic pain, and recent scientific developments with Cannabis and its main active constituents, the cannabinoids. Finally, the cannabinoids are compared to opioids for the treatment of pain, in order to make a recommendation for the reintroduction of Cannabis medicine for pain treatment in India today.

5

Authors: Manisha R. Dehankar and Sunil G.Topre

Ayurveda is the most ancient medical science of the world. The main purpose of ayurved is to maintain the health of healthy individual and cure the disease of diseased one. Rasayana Tantra is one among the eight major division of Astang ayurved. Rasayan chikitsa helps in maintaining the healthy life style. Ayuved has describe various types of Rasayana which can provide protection against diseases,promotes physical health,improve the status of dhatus, can confer immunity & rejuvenate the system.The purpose of the rasayana is to obtain strength,immunity,oja,vitality,will power & determination and it also strengthen the senses. According to ayurveda oja is an essence present in every dhatu & considered as sara of all saptadhatus and responsible for strength of the body. Many herbs & dietery materials can act as rasayan & work as immune stimulant,anti-stress agent etc.one of the result of rasayana is it promotes oja in the body which is the factor responsible for vyadhikshamatva (immunity) so that person will not suffered from any diseases. Purpose of this paper is to discuss about the role of rasayana in enhancement of qualities of oja.

6

Authors: Mahreen Fatema Ayaz Ahmed and Sunil.G.Topre.

Today’s lifestyle pattern will leads to several metabolic disorders. Sidhant of ‘Hetu’ and ‘Nidan’ mentioned in our Samhitas exactly matches with whatever is going on in ‘Modern Lifestyle’ pattern. As mentioned by Vagbhata, Nidan of all diseases is imbalanced Doshas, and the reason behind this imbalance in Doshas is ahitkaraahar-vihar. Aacharya Charaka has mentioned that GramyaAahara as a mula of Sharirik Rogas. In modern science, diabetes occours due to faulty insulin production and uptake. If we go through Ayurvedic texts Prameh Roga is very similar to Diabetes. Prameha Roga comes under Ashtomahagada. Unique feature of Prameha is the involvement of tridoshas and multiple dhatus, ojas etc. While reading to Ayurvedic literature of hetus of Prameh Roga we comes to know that, these hetus can be further divided into Aahariyahetu, Vihariyahetu and Manasikhetu and where these hetus come in day to day life. This paper is designed to show the hetus mentioned in Ayurvedictext and where it comes under today’s lifestyle. By avoiding these hetus one can prevent Diabetes.

6

Authors: SandeepGorakhMane and Bhavana S.Mane

Man has eventually forgotten the absolute enjoyment and solitary affection for nature, and as a result he is facing many health problems. The prime factors that are responsible for the decline of health are irregular food habits, stress, suppression of natural urges, lack of proper sleep and relaxation. Sciatica pain is often caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve from a herniated disc, bone spurs or muscle spasm. Sciatica being considered as a chronic disease needs a long lasting treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxant and analgesics. The symptoms similarity and radiation of pain from back to the foot describe the correlation of sciatica with Gridrasi. Here a case study was done on a patient with right leg acute sciatica symptoms from 3 months treated successfully with ayurvedic intervention for 2 months.

6

Authors: Ramesh Madhavrao Bansode and Archana U Kalyankar

Ayurveda is essentially the science of life. Ayurveda has scientific background and will provide stimulus to new and original renovation from the remodelling of theories and concept. One of the basic fundamental concept or view of Ayurveda is Ojas.Oja is the essence of dhatus, which gives strength to the body, improves immunity power and takes care of well being of the body.Ojas means “vigorand in ayurvedic literature, Bala, Prakriti and Kapha these types of words are used as synonym of Ojas. It is present throughout the body like, ghee exists in the milk or honey exists in the flower.Ojas is responsible for consciousness, purity in thoughts, health, and positivity in feelings in every situation, better immunity, longevity, intelligence and memory. So according to ayurveda oja is one of the most important elements for maintains and sustenance of life. All human beings are well nourished by Ojas and its decrease leads to the cessations of life. It controls and regulates the whole working system of the body, so it has more clinical importance. It provides strength in the form of physical, mental, immunological and resistance to the body. Due to stress, depression and other etiological factors, ojas gets affected. And it leads to the condition of ojakshaya , It is difficult to define Ojas as per modern methodology.This review article attempts to create certainty of Ojas understandable in scientific way and itsover all effects on human body which will be helpful for scholars in treatment of diseases and advising precautions.

7

Authors: Sagar Bhut and Sunil Changle

Kashyap Samhita is one of the most ancient compilation of Acharya Kashyapa related to care of the children. Phakka roga is a special contribution of Kashyapa Samhita. The development has been mentioned in this context. The prenatal, natal, postnatal, socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting growth and development of child.Etiology of the disease, itself is selfexplanatory and describing its type i.e., ksheeraja, garbhaja and vyadhija phakka. Qualitative and quantitative deficiency of required micro and macro nutrients affects the overall growth and development. Not even in neonatal period but also in-utero embryonic environment and fetal nourishment status determines the outcome after birth. The milk fed by mother is primary source of nourishment. Mother's milk if deficient in quantity and quality is responsible for impaired and delayed growth of child's physical and mental faculties. Neonatal insult exposure like chronic diseases i.e., recurrent gastrointestinal and respiratory infection, worm infestation, bleeding disorder, endocrine and metabolic disease decelerates the process of growth and overall wellbeing of a child. Socioeconomic and environmental factors contribute and play a vital role. Socially and economically sound family can bring up a child in a proper way whereas stressful social environment and poverty negatively affects the growth and developmental processes

7

Authors: Vikrant Thakur and Kunj Biharee Saini

Srotas are the channels of circulation or dynamic inner transport system of the body which provide platform for activities of other important bio-factors like three Dosh, Dhatu, Oja, Agni etc. The word Srotas is originated from the main Sanskrit root “Sru Srawane’’ meaning the structure to flow, to exudates, to filter, to ooze and permeate. Each Srotas is attached to a specific anatomical structure called Moola. The normal functioning of Srotas depends on Moolstana. Rakta is considered as Jeevan in Ayurveda texts. Raktavaha Srotas are channels of circulation concerned with the blood formation, storage and circulation of blood and lymph in body. Yakrita, Pliha and Raktavahi dhamnis are considered as moolsthana of Raktavaha srotas by Acharyas. Yakrita can be correlated with Liver. Most of the blood related concepts like haemopoesis, storage and decomposition of red blood cells are rooted in liver. Microscopically, liver is made up of minute channels of circulation or vessels which help in normal functioning of Liver.

7

Authors: Payal P. Suryawanshi and G. H. Kodwani

Nerve and muscle problems cause muscles to react in abnormal ways. During leg pain or numbness tests are carried out to know how much nerves are affected, how well nerves in arms and legs are working. Nerve conduction (NC) study is done to find the above damage to peripheral nervous system. An electromyogram measures electrical activity of muscle at rest and during contraction Impulses make the muscles react in specific ways. NC studies measure how well and how fast the nerves can send electrical signals. Nerves control muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses. These tests are often used to find nerve problems such as Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). GBS is a rare but serious autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks healthy nerve cells in peripheral nervous system. In Ayurved Lakshanas of Vata vyadhi – Sarvangaghat such as weakness, numbness, tingling sensation can be correlate with GBS.

7

Authors: Roshni Dhurve

Disk-related complaints, particularly Low back pain are very common. Once in a life time all of us suffer from symptoms related to degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc disease. Back pain is second only to the common cold as the most frequent reason for visiting a physician and is the most common chronic pain syndrome in industrialized countries. It is mostly a self limited illness. As per the report of WHO, Low back pain (LBP) constituted 37% of all occupational risk factors which occupies first rank among the disease complications caused by work. The lifetime prevalence of non-specific (common) low back pain is estimated at 60% to 70% in industrialized countries (one-year prevalence 15% to 45% , adult incidence 5% per year). Prevalence increases and peaks between the ages of 35 and 55 years. The present article deals with a case diagnosed as Lumbar Disk Disease with Spondylolisthesis of L5 over S1 and was advised for surgery. The Ayurvedic diagnosis was made Kati graha on the basis of their symptoms harmonizing with the disease. Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and Verbal rating scale (VRS) was adopted for pain before and after the treatment. Before treatment, Patient was wheel chair dependent and not able to walk even 4-5 steps due to severe pain. After treatment, patient showed improvement of 37.77 % on Oswestry disabilitly index and 40% on Verbal rating scale. Acharya Sushruta stated that Siravedha is accepted as half of the therapeutic measures in Shalya tantra like Basti in Kayachikitsa and a superior therapeutic procedure among others as it gives instant relief.

7

Authors: Gunjan Sharma, VandanaSrivastava, P.K Singh, Parinita Fulera and Lotika Bharti

Ayurveda is a treasure of herbs that are being used in both preventive and curative aspect of life. Ayurveda is rich in various already prepared formulations mentioned by our Acharyas that need to be explored. There is need of making these formulation patent and standardization. All these formulations demand scientific study and standardization. One of such formulation is Darvyadi Raskriya mentioned in our classics in context of Sharangdhar Samhita (Netraroganashak Upchaar). Materials and method: To standardize the sample on physiochemical parameter, it was tested in analytical laboratory and results were documented. Result: The result shows the organoleptic character, sterility and clarity. Conclusion: Darvyadi Raskriya was prepared by following the method prescribed in Sharangdhar Samhita. Pharmaceutical and analytical profile of Darvyadi Raskriya was established on the basis of microscopic features, TLC fingerprint profiles and the physiochemical parameters.

8

Authors: Nitin Chandurkar and Shweta Mali

The experience of motherhood is most unique as well as challenging phase in life of every woman. For a woman, the birth of baby can boost a jumble of powerful emotions from happiness, excitement and exhilarating to sadness, fear and exhausting. During this phase of her journey, she is in need of proper care, support and guidance in order to cope-up with her new identity of motherhood. But due to fast changing life style of modern era and increase in isolated families, she is deprived of this necessary attention during her crucial postpartum time. So, in the absence of adequate rest, balanced nutrition and moral support sometimes, a mother can be harsh in a way that she has never dreamed off by developing signs and symptoms of postpartum depression. It can shatter her body, mind and spirit. In today’s date, one out of every eight woman is prone to postpartum depression. The Ayurvedic science is holistic approach to physical and mental health care of mother and baby. The principles stated in the classics not only manage postpartum depression but also it does not allow a woman to land-up in this phase.

8

Authors: Nandesh Mohan P., Shashirekha K.S. and Maithri H.D.

Plectranthus amboinicus has been reported to be traditionally used for medicine to cure common illnesses such as cough, stomachache, headache and skin infection. The present study is focused mainly on the ability of aqueous and ethanol extracts of the leaves of a traditional Indian medicinal plant against the pathogenic bacteria showing resistance against Ampicillin and Fluoroquinolones, isolated from respiratory infections. Different concentrations (20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 μg/ml) of aqueous and alcoholic extracts were tested by agar well diffusion method. It was observed that the both extract were significantly inhibited respiratory resistant pathogenic bacteria against Ampicillin (10µg). The present study is therefore successful in indicating that Plectranthus amboinicus is useful in treatment of respiratory disorders associated with bacteria.

8

Authors: Gunjan Keshri and Anil Chaudhary

Wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues due to external violence or some mechanical agency. Wound healing occurs with the help of granulation tissue and epithelization. Hypergranulation tissue is excessive granulation tissue that hinders the normal healing process by preventing re-epithilization and wound contraction Acharya Sushruta mentioned Avasadna dravya for such conditions of vrana, which include both herbal and mineral drugs. These are Kasish, Hartala, Manhshila, Manikya, Chameli pushpa, Shirish and Karanj fruit, Saindhav, Kinva, Kukkutanda kapala. Kasishadi churna is a combination of herbo-mineral drugs which are having properties of Lekhan, Shodhana, and Ropana properties. It is a procedure of debridement of wound.

8

Authors: Kothainayagi and Premraj Chaudhary

Ayurvedic medicine is a medical specialty that focuses primarily on preventive and curative medicine. It is a system of healing that is based on being in accordance with the laws of nature and has its origins in India around 5000 years earlier. Ayurveda offers guidelines to be followed daily right from the time of waking up in the morning till going to bed at night in terms of brushing, bathing, sleeping habits, exercise, massage and so on. Though we are following a routine daily regimen and seasonal regimen, we unknowingly do some mistakes. And this is where Ayurveda helps us and brings us back to track. As there is increase of oral disease even at an early age and becoming a greater concern, here in this article the maintenance of oral health is dealt with. Simple modifications in our habits can help us enjoy our lives much better.

9

Authors: Sarita Gaikwad

Snakebite is very common problem encountered in India. Apart from mortality, the morbidity is also high. Treatment of complicated wounds resulting from cytotoxic snake poison poses multiple challenges. Snake bite wounds are complicated, that take longer time to heal, leaving some disability to the subjects. Here is the case study of snakebite infected wound that was failed to heal by modern therapy. There was one stage when amputation of the limb was seemed very eminent, when Surgery department referred the case to Ayurved department for further management. Ayurved department successfully managed the case in spite of developing complication of Osteomyelitis with sinus formation. This case study highlights the strength of Ayurvedic principles that could be applied for treating such type of wounds. Therefore a multidisciplinary approach is required to treat snakebite cases, the modern therapy is definitely superior in treating the emergency, but Ayurved is better alternative for treating complications of snakebite like extensive infected wound.

9

Authors: Ramesh M. Bansode1 , S. S. Sant2 , J.J. Pawar3 and Vinaya Potdar

Ayurveda has described fundamental concept of Tridosha, Dhatu and Mala. Knowledge of these fundamental concepts have much more significance in understanding the etiopathogenesis, sign and symptoms, prognosis and management of Prameha. It is characterised by excess, frequent sweet micturation, burning sensation of palm of hand and leg, Sheeta priyata (desire to cold), sweet taste in mouth, excessive sweating, body odour etc. Any diseases in the body do not exist without Tridosha. In Prameha all three Doshas and all Dhatus except Asthi Dhatu get involved. Mala like Sweda and Mutra get vitiated. Tridosha get vitiated in Prameha especially Kapha have major part. It affects other Dosha and Dhatu along with their Srotasa . Dosh-dushyaSammurchana results manifestation of Poorvaroopa (premonitory) & Roopa (symptoms). These are associated with the symptoms of vitiated Dosha and Dhatu in Prameha . Tridosha have Ashrayashrayi-Sambadha (mutual relationship) with Rasadi Sapta Dhatu in the body. So it manifests associated symptoms as per their involvement and predominance of Dosha Dhatu in Prameha. So it is important to study the play role of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala in Prameha to understand etiopathogenesis , signs and symptoms.

10

Authors: Ranjitha B.M.

Background: Shweta pradara is a common gynaecological complaint faced by the women of all ages, because of moist and sweaty genitals. Shweta pradara is one of the most common of all where women approach to hospital. A woman reaches various stages in her life which includes puberty, reproductivity, pregnancy, labour, puerperium, menopause etc. During all these stages, there will be many physiological changes one of which is secretion in vagina termed as leucorrhoea or shwetha pradara. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the effect of Lodhra and Vata twak kwatha in Shweta Pradara Method: Married females between the age group of 20-40 years with complaints of excessive discharge per vagina and vaginal smear negative for organisms were taken for the study. Lodhra kalka with vata twak kwatha was given for 45 days and assessment was done on every 15th day of the study. Result: Most of the parameters showed significant results at p value <0.001. Overall effect of therapy showed that 50% had complete remission, 23% had moderate improvement, 7% had mild improvement, 3% had no change, 16% got marked relief. Interpretation & Conclusion: Shweta pradara develops due to vitiation of kapha and vata. Based on the result, it was found that Lodhra due to its sangrahi and kandughna property and Vata due to its shoshana property combated shweta pradara.

10

Authors: Adiga Shripathi H, Malagi KJ, Adiga Ramya S, Hebbar Krishna Raghava and Nayak V Anupama

Ayurveda, appropriately addressed as the ‘science of life’ accurately answers many arduous health issues and aids human beings to lead a healthy and a happy life. Complete rectal prolapse, apprehended and acknowledged as ‘Guda bhramsha’ in the classics of Ayurveda is an exemplification of the same. This noteworthy case study of complete rectal prolapse in an elderly patient, treated in accordance with the classical line of management with Snehana, Swedana, Anuvasana with the incorporation of Mushika taila, a special oil prepared with Anthravarjitha Mushika mamsa emerges as an example of the authenticity of this great science. Complete reversal of the symptoms, even though for a brief period of time, establishes the realisms of classics and demands further apprehension and analysis.

10

Authors: Ashish Mishra, Amit Mukherjee, and Mukund Supekar

Nasya (Nasya Karma) is a term to be applied generally for medicines administered through the nasal route. The formulations used for the purpose of Nasya Karma are called Nasika Kalpana. Since nose is the gateway of the head, the therapy is highly effective in curing a number of diseases pertaining to the head, if it is performed systematically. The therapy cleanses and opens the channels of the head, thereby improving the process of oxygenation (prana), which has a direct influence on the functioning of brain. The therapy is beneficial if done on a regular basis, because it keeps the eyes, nose and ear healthy. It also prevents the early graying of hair. Nasya karma is mainly indicated in the diseases of head and it can be done in many other conditions which effects the head as head is the important part of the central nervous system that regulates functions throughout the body.

11

Authors: Ajantha, Anoma Geethani Samarawickrama, Chethana Kumari DS and Anjana

Grahaniroga is a disease caused due to faulty life style which includes faulty dietary habits, regimen and psychological factors. Aharaja nidana include Pramitasana (intake of food in less quantity or eka rasa sathmya), Vishamasana (irregular food habits), Adhyashana (intake of food before pervious meals get digested), Samashana (intake of compatible and incompatible food together), Viruddhashana (incompatible food) and not following aharavidhi. Viharaja nidana(faulty regimen) are Diva Svapana (Day sleep), RatriJagarana (remaining awake at night) and Vega Vidharana (Suppression of natural urges).Manasika nidana are Chinta (worries), Shoka (grief), Bhaya (fear) etc. These factors affect agni and later grahani vyapara leading grahaniroga. A better and complete understanding of the disease is possible by analyzing nidanapanchaka which aids in diagnosis, prognosis and management. In this article, an attempt is made to compile, review and discuss nidanapanchaka of grahaniroga in a systematic way.

12

Authors: BhatambreYogesh and Bhange Pallavi

Standardization of Ayurvedic drugs is an important and essential measurement for the quality control of drugs. It is necessary to provide drugs having good quality. While preparation of drug, standardization of raw material, standardization of the process i.e., in-process standardization and that of the final drug is necessary. Among these, in-process standardization carries more importance. It includes selection of the reference of the formulation, selection of the instrument to be used, development of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of the manufacturing of the drug, various tests to be carried out during the procedure, etc. A critical review has been done in present study regarding the needs and challenges in the in-process standardization.

12

Authors: Mayur Temburne and Mrunal Tiwari

Ekkushta is a type of Kshudrakushtha described in Ayurveda . It is a Vata-kaphaj disorder. The clinical symptoms of Ekkushta described in Ayurveda resembles with the clinical symptoms of Psoriasis. The clinical features of Ekkushta described by Charak and Kashyap represent remission, relapse and seasonal variation which are present in Psoriasis. It is one of the common dermatological problems in the world.Aragwadha is basically kushthaghna and vishaghna. This agad was administered orally to treat Ekkushtha. This study was an attempt to assist the medical fraternity in tackling the situation by the optimum utilization of kushthghna and vishaghna karma of AmaltasKwatha.

13

Authors: Vrinda, Shobha G Hiremath and Surekha S Medikeri

Bhasmeekarana of metals and minerals is a unique technique in Rasashastra. In order to obtain a safe and effective Bhasma, a good quality raw material and specific preparation procedure plays a vital role. Standard operative procedure with respect to procedure of Bhasmeekarana of Lauha is already set, but a standard to select raw material (Iron) is not yet established. Discarded Iron is usually selected to prepare Lauha bhasma but its details like chemical composition; percentage of other impurities etc is unknown. Hence a study was taken up to clear this obscurity and ensure a desired quality of Lauha bhasma by selecting two types of Iron with definite composition viz., Cast iron identical to Munda lauha and Wrought iron identical to Teekshna lauha. They were subjected to Bhasmeekaranaas per the reference of Rasendra saara sangraha and physico-chemical analysis and instrumental validations like XRD, FTIR, SEMEDAX were then carried out. Both the Bhasmas obtained were appraised based on pharmaceutical and analytical grounds. Munda lauha attained Bhasma siddhi lakshanas faster than Teekshna lauha but the latter was found to be of superior quality by inferring the results of analytical study.

14

Authors: Shikha, Renu Rao, Gunjan Sharma, Priyanka Rani and Mohan Kumar

Seka Karma is a Kriya Kalpa procedure, in which instillation of medicated Kwatha is done on closed and relaxed eyes for a fixed time period. It is done in inflammatory (Amavastha) conditions of Vartma (eye lids). Acharya Sushruta has described Praklinna Vartma under 21 Vartmagata Rogas. It is a disease of Vartma caused by Kapha Dosha. On reviewing the clinical presentation it can be correlated with blepharitis. Itching, accumulation of white dandruff like scales on lid margin, persistent soreness of the eyelids or eyes, greasy appearance of the lid margins, falling of eye lashes etc. are the main clinical features of blepharitis. Modern science treatments of blepharitis mainly aim at topical antibiotic ointment like Sodium fuscidic acid, Bacitracin, Chloramphenicol, Kenalog etc. along with topical weak steroid ointment like Flurometholone which usually provides symptomatic relief. Hence this study was designed to collect, evaluate and discuss about the mode of action of Seka Karma in the disease Praklinna Vartma (Blepharitis). The desired effect of Seka Karma was achieved by using Seka Yoga having Haritaki, Vibhitaki and Amlaki means Triphala having Tridosha Shamaka qualities. Aims & Objectives1. To evaluate the efficacy of ‘Seka Yoga’ in the management Praklinna Vartma (Blepharitis). 2. To assess the efficacy of ‘Seka Karma’ in the management of Praklinna Vartma (Blepharitis). Materials & Methods -Fifteen clinically diagnosed patients of Praklinna Vartma (Blepharitis) were randomly selected from OPD/IPD of Rishikul Campus, Haridwar. Seka Karm was performed for fifteen days continuously. Results- 46.7% patients showed marked improvement, 46.7% patients showed moderate improvement and 6.7% patients showed mild improvement

15

Authors: Sarita Gaikwad

Anemia remains a major challenge in treating cases of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), as the pathology is still not fully understood. Anemia in CKD is associated with reduced quality of life, increased risk of cardiovascular disease leading to poor outcomes. An open non- randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 diagnosed Chronic Renal Failure patients. On the basis of CKD-EPI equation,39/50 (78%) study subjects having CKD stage 5, 9 (18%) study subjects having CKD stage 4 & 2 (4%) study subjects with CKD stage 3B. There were 47 study subjects (94%) having anemia, out of which 41were having moderate to severe anemia before start of treatment. At the end of study period, there was significant improvement in their status as only 15 remained with moderate anemia& none with severe anemia.Hb % was estimated at 0,28,84,140 & 180 days. The mean Hb% was 8.39 g ±2.10 g on zero day. On 180thday, mean Hb was 11.07g ±1.67.This31.94% rise in Hb % was found to be statistically highly significant(t= 19.50 with p <0.001).Pallor, Oedema, Fatigue, Weakness, Dyspnoeawere the signs and symptoms considered to be associated with anemia and improvement was assessed in reduction of severity. There was statistically significant clinical improvement in respect of signs & symptoms of anemia. This study proved that the Ayurvedic treatment is a suitable alternative treatment of anemia in CKD to modern controversial treatment of parenteral iron therapy &Erythropoietin supplementation.

29

Authors: Pandey Krishna Kant, Tripathi Arun Kumar and Srivastava Alok Kumar

Mukhadūṣikā, having a symptomatic correlation with Acne vulgaris, is one of the most challenging and stubborn skin disorder prevailing since Vaidika era. It affects approximately 80% of the adolescents around the world. Acne Vulgaris is a polymorphic chronic inflammatory disease of pilo-sebaceous units characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts, abscesses, and even widespread scarring sometimes. Ayurvedic texts have mentioned vitiation of Kapha, Vāta and Rakta responsible for disease. As the disease is having a chronic nature, modern medicines only subsides the disease for short time period along with various side-effects and relapse also occur on withdrawing the medicines. Therefore, to identify an alternative, safer and permanent cure, Jalaukāvacārana and Siddārthakādi Lepa were selected for the present study to see their effect on Mukhadūṣikā. 30 patients selected from the Panchkarma and KayaChikitsa O.P.D. of the Rishikul Campus, UAU, Dehradun were randomly assigned to 2 treatments groups (15 patients in each). Group A patients were treated with Jalaukāvacārana (4 sittings on a 7-day interval) while in Group B patients, Siddārthakādi Lepa was also applied daily along with 4 sittings of Jalaukāvacārana. Total duration of treatment in both groups was of 28 days along with a follow-up period of 30 days. Assessment was done on the basis of subjective parameters i.e. Piḍikā (Acne lesions) grading and associated complaint grading, as well as objective parameters i.e. count of lesions. Both interventions were found to be significantly effective (p<0.05) in reducing Piḍikā grading as well as associated symptoms i.e. Vedanā (Pain), Dāha (Burning), Pāka (Inflammation), Kandū (Itching), Vaivarnyatā (Discolouration) and Snigdhatā (Oiliness). However, additional benefit of lepa was found only Snigdhatā (p<0.05) and Vaivarnyatā (p>0.05). Both the interventions also showed significant result in reducing count of lesions too. Lepa application was additionally beneficial in reducing the number of all types of lesions but the results were statistically significant on comedones and pustules (p<0.05). None of the intervention was able to reduce the no. of scar/Grading of scars significantly. On follow-up after 30 days, 20% in Jalaukāvacārana group while 13.33% in Jalaukāvacārana along with Lepa application group showed relapse in grading of acne.