INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

7-10

Authors: Dr. A. Subradeepan *1

The purpose of the study was to investigation the effect of continuous running on endurance of men kabaddi players. To achieve the purpose of this study, thirty men kabaddi players selected from the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India. The age, height and weight of the subjects ranged from 19 to 21 years, 155 to 169 centimetres and 58 to 68 kilograms respectively. They were divided into two groups; each group consisted of fifteen subjects. Group-I underwent continuous running and group-II acted as control who does not participate in any training programme. The data collected from the two groups prior to and post experimentation were statistically analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The experimental group had significant improvement on endurance when comparing to the control group.

16-21

Authors: R. Rakulan *1, V.A. Malathy 2

School students need clear boundaries: boundaries that adults - parents as well as teachers - must set. We cannot abdicate our responsibility when students move outside those boundaries. To do that is to betray children, because the consequences of bad behaviour are so damaging It is the duty of the parents and teachers to create disciplinary awareness. The study aimed to examine the disciplinary awareness among secondary school students. The investigator adopted survey method to study the disciplinary awareness among school students. For this study a sample of 300 school students from 5 Govt and Private schools which are situated in and around Udumalpet town of Tirupur district in Tamil Nadu were selected by the investigator using simple random sampling technique. The findings reveal that 28.33% of the school students belong to low level of disciplinary awareness, 43.66% of school students the belong to moderate level of disciplinary awareness, 28% of school students belong to high level of disciplinary awareness. Also it is found that there is a significant difference in attitude towards disciplinary awareness between male and female among school students. Females possess better disciplinary awareness than male students.

27-32

Authors: I. Maria Cecily *1, Mr. S.Justin Jebaraj 2

Self - esteem is how we value ourselves; it is how we perceive our value to the world and how valuable we think we are to others. Self - esteem affects our trust in others, our relationship, our work – nearly every part of our lives. Positive self – esteem gives us the strength and flexibility to take charge of our lives and grow from our mistakes without the fear of rejection. The paper is an attempt to find to identify self-esteem in relation to academic achievement among higher secondary students. The investigator adopted the survey method to study self-esteem of higher secondary students. The study is based on primary data which is collected from 300 higher secondary students in and around Coimbatore district using simple random sampling technique. The findings reveal that totally 25.66% of the selected higher secondary students belong to low level of self-esteem, 42.33% of the selected higher secondary students belong to moderate level of self-esteem, 32% of the selected higher secondary students belong to high level of self-esteem. Totally 24.3% of the selected higher secondary students belong to low level of Academic Achievement, 28.4% of the selected higher secondary students belong to moderate level of Academic Achievement, and 47.3% of the selected higher secondary students belong to high level of Academic Achievement. Also it is found that there is no significant difference in self-esteem in relation to academic achievement among the selected higher secondary school students.

37-41

Authors: Andrew Pradeep.M *1, Indira.G 2, Sethu Nagarajan R 3

Cancer is a group of diseases in which cells are aggressive, invasive and sometimes metastatic. Nutritional status an important factor that contributes to immune competence for which trace minerals plays a crucial role in the biochemical and physiological activity of the system. Trace element a category of minerals essential for the biological system and plays an active role in immune effector mechanism. Normal range of iron essential for body metabolism, iron deficiencies leads to anemia which might complicate the event of tumor genesis. Study involved 50 volunteers (36 females, 14 males) of cancer patients of Mohan Nursing Home Madurai. Serum was collected in the informed consent of the patients. Serum iron level was quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Study documented percentage deviation of serum iron concentration (85%) with severe anemic prevalence from the control individual (without cancer) and also establish an association of iron deficiency with anemic prevalence. Study documented the existence of Iron deficiency which is the most common cause of anemia worldwide. Iron plays a role in oxygen transfer in cytochromes, protein molecules involved in the production of energy in cells and also exhibit certain properties to facilitate antitumor status. Study concludes that serum iron modulations need to be emphasized to minimize the burdenization of the host with Clinical associated complications of Iron deficiency among patients with cance

59-62

Authors: K.Thanga Glara *1, Dr. C. Eugine Franco 2

The last two decades in the banking industry has seen many developments to face the competition among its competitors. Technology is one field that banking industry focuses on for this competition. Nowadays e-banking is the popular technology used by banks. E-banking is the outcome of technological innovations and competition. The customers’ satisfaction is also very important to face the challenges for the banks to cope up with other banks. Hence this paper focuses on the satisfaction level of customers towards e-banking services provided by Public and Private Sector banks in Tirunelveli District. This study is limited to Tirunelveli area only, Tamil Nadu. The objectives of this study are to find out the factors influencing in the adoption of E-banking provided by public and private sector banks, identify the level of satisfaction of customers of public and private sector banks towards their usage of E-banking. Convenience sampling method have adopted for this study. The primary data were collected from questionnaire method. From the analysis, it is found that with regard to satisfaction in ATM services, the customers of both sectors of banks are equally satisfied. Also the customers are satisfied with the e-banking services provided by private sector banks. It is suggested that ease of use is the major factor to induce the customers to adopt e-banking. Therefore banks should maintain its applications more user friendly and up to date. ATMs receive the higher attraction among the e-banking channels. Banks must pay attention and plan to make the ATMs as the key distribution channel for all kinds of banking transactions.

8-13

Authors: Saloni Bahadur1 , Rashmee Shrestha2 , Yalapi Sumaharshini3 , Gnv Ravi Teja4 , Kalpitha.N 5

In this survey paper, different depth estimation techniques using cues from two images are observed. In this paper, different methods for depth estimation like Vergence, Stereo Disparity, Stereo Matching, Familiar Size, Defocus Cue, Convex Optimization, and Sum of Absolute Differences Algorithm are reviewed. Depth is determined by using maximum and minimum disparity.

21-29

Authors: Shruthishree S.H *1, Harshvardhan Tiwari 2

Biomedical image processing has experienced dramatic expansion, and has been an interdisciplinary research field attracting expertise from applied mathematics, computer sciences, engineering, statistics, physics, biology and medicine. Computer-aided diagnostic processing has already become an important part of clinical routine. Accompanied by a rush of new development of high technology and use of various imaging modalities, more challenges arise; for example, how to process and analyze a significant volume of images so that high quality information can be produced for disease diagnoses and treatment. The principal objectives of this course are to provide an introduction to basic concepts and techniques for medical image processing and to promote interests for further study and research in medical imaging processing. The rapid progress of medical science and the invention of various medicines have benefited mankind and the whole civilization. Modern science also has been doing wonders in the surgical field. But, the proper and correct diagnosis of diseases is the primary necessity before the treatment. The more sophisticate the bio-instruments are, better diagnosis will be possible. The medical image plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and therapy of doctor and teaching and researching etc. Medical imaging is often thought of as a way to represent anatomical structures of the body with the help of X-ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. But often it is more useful for physiologic function rather than anatomy. With the growth of computer and image technology medical imaging has greatly influenced medical field. As the quality of medical imaging affects diagnosis the medical image processing has become a hotspot and the clinical applications wanting to store and retrieve images for future purpose needs some convenient process to store those images in details.

38-40

Authors: Andal S. *1 , Tahera Tasneem 2 , MeghanaMary M. 3 , Ranjitha G. C. 4 , Deepak N.A. 5

Identity-based encryption (IBE) is a public key cryptosystem(encoding and decoding) and eliminates the demands of public key infrastructure(PKI) and certificate administration in conventional public key settings. Due to the absence of PKI, the revocation problem is a critical issue in IBE settings. Several revocable IBE schemes have been proposed regarding this issue. Quite recently, by embedding an outsourcing computation technique into IBE, a revocable IBE scheme with a key-update cloud service provider (KU-CSP) was proposed. However, their scheme has two shortcomings. One is that the computation and communication costs are higher than previous revocable IBE schemes. The other shortcoming is lack of scalability in the sense that the KU-CSP must keep a secret value for each user. In the article, we propose a new revocable IBE scheme with a cloud revocation authority (CRA) to solve the two shortcomings namely, the performance is significantly improved and the CRA holds only a system secret for all the users. For security analysis, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme is semantically secure under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption. Finally, we extend the proposed revocable IBE scheme to present a CRA-aided authentication scheme with periodlimited privileges for managing a large number of various cloud services.

47-52

Authors: Rohini B.R. *1 , Dr.Thippeswamy G. 2

Authentication plays a vital role in Information security. The need for identification of legitimate user has increased in the waking concerns for global security. Biometric recognition Systems is a major tool for Authentication mechanism. Biometrics is the ability to identify and authenticate an individual using one or more of their behavioral or physical characteristics. The Study of Different Biometric Modalities gives a better understanding of Biometric Techniques. We focus our Study on Face Biometrics. This paper emphasizes on better understanding of introduction to Biometrics, Biometric Modalities and Face recognition Techniques

58-62

Authors: Sanjay Roka *1 , Santosh Naik 2

The traditional way of protecting networks with firewalls and encryption software is no longer sufficient and effective. Many intrusion detection techniques have been developed on fixed wired networks but have been turned to be inapplicable in this new environment. We need to search for new architecture and mechanisms to protect computer networks. Signature-based Intrusion Detection System matches network packets against a pre-configured set of intrusion signatures. Current implementations of IDS employ only a single thread of execution and as a consequence benefit very little from multi-processor hardware platforms. A multi-threaded technique would allow more efficient and scalable exploitation of these multi-processor machines.

69-75.

Authors: Nausheen S *1, Anil Kumar M *2, Amrutha K K 3

Sentiment analysis has seen a tremendous growth in the past few years. Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is a process of collecting users’ opinion from user generated content. It has various applications, such as stock market prediction, products’ review collection, etc. a large amount of work has been done in this field by applying sentiment analysis to various applications. The main goal of this paper is to study the various methods used for sentiment analysis. Further we explain the overview of various related papers and their performances.

81-85

Authors: Manjula *1 , Madhu B R 2

Cloud computing in the current years has been taking its development from the logical to the non logical and business applications. Control utilization and Load adjusting are essential and complex issue in computational Cloud. Load Balancing is an imperative segment in the item benefits based cloud computing. There is a need to create calculations that can catch this multifaceted nature yet can be effortlessly actualized and used to fathom an extensive variety of load adjusting situations in a Data and Computing escalated applications. Because of increment in the quantity of server farms, which relate to electrical vitality cost, crest control scattering, cooling and carbon emanation. These days, control utilization is one of the significant issues for the operation and upkeep of server farms. Vitality costs for server farms are multiplying like clockwork and have effectively crossed $19 billion. Be that as it may, a lot of this power is squandered as servers are for the most part sit. Sit without moving servers can likewise expend as much as 60% of pinnacle power utilization. To measure the energy consumed by processor, and we call these are a load balancing techniques, we introduced many algorithm like Power Aware Load balancing (PALB), Double Threshold- Power Aware Load balancing (DT-PALB), Dynamic Round-Robin (DRR), Equally Spread Active Execution( ESCE ),Minimum Cost Maximum flow (MCMF). In this paper we compare algorithm and we will conclude which algorithm is best for power aware load balancing in cloud.

91-96

Authors: Deepa.T.P. *1

The main goal of this paper is to develop software agent which is autonomous with reactive behavior and learning abilities. One of the applications of such agents are in gaming. Gaming characters are expected to work in unpredictable environment with decision making capabilities like weapon selection for different targets, wall following. This can be achieved artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and methods. In this paper, agent is designed to exhibit capabilities like - Moving Abilities, Steering behavior and obstacle avoidance, Synthesis of movement enhancing movement, weapon selection, adapting defense strategies, strategic Decision making.

7-13

Authors: Dr. R. Nagamani Rajan *1, Dr. K. Subramanian 2

Education is the prime key to the growth and development of a society in all its spheres. Education is a social sector of an economy. It is the infrastructure for the economic development. Education is provided in different forms at different levels in Tirunelveli District. All sections of people including women, Children and weaker sections tend to take care of their health and lead a healthier life in the most literate nations. In this connection, the researcher studies about job satisfaction and morale of teachers in Tirunelveli district. This study concludes that several factors play dominant role in the enhancement of job satisfaction of teachers. The major factor is connected with finance.

19-24

Authors: Dr. J.V. Jeeva *1, Mrs. L. Fenci Mary Grace

Mahabharata is a historical one. Studying Mahabharata is very interesting and great thing. The Bhagavad Gita is the Gift of Lord Krishna. In this paper, the author presents The Bhagavad Gita as per the present context.

32-40

Authors: Dr. Meena Prakash Kute *1, SadhanaPote-Palsamkar 2

The present paper is based on the descriptive correlational research study which aimed to study the relationship between internet usage and self-regulated learning of undergraduates. The survey method was employed to collect the data from commerce, science and arts undergraduates of Mumbai University. The findings of present study showed that, there is significant relationship between internet usage and self-regulated learning of undergraduates. The relationship was found to be positive and negligible

52-62

Authors: Dr.P.Antony Raj *1, S.Shiny 2

Over the last decade the health consciousness of consumers has become an important factor driving the agri-food market .Healthier food products have entered the global markets with force in the past years and rapidly gained market share. Various studies have concluded that better understanding of consumer perception of healthy food its determinants are key success factors for market orientation and development and for successfully negotiating market opportunities .The basic purpose of this research paper is to identify the influence of various factors on the buying decision of consume and also attempts to determine the awareness and perception of the consumers.

69-82

Authors: S. Shiny *1, Dr.C.Eugine Franco 2

Health is Wealth and is a valuable treasure of one’s life; hence it is the duty of every human being to safeguard his or her health very carefully to preserve health with nutritious food. Nutritious food is very much needed in order to maintain our body health. Health drinks are good nutrition drinks for all categories of people to maintain good health and the health food drinks are popularly used as a milk additive for better nutrition and taste. Health food drinks are added to the diet to boost overall health and energy, to provide immune System support and reduce the risk of illness and age related conditions, to improve performance in athletic and mental activities and to support the healing process during illness. In this context, this study is going to analyse Brand Preference and the Purpose of Using Malted Food Drinks: A Field Study in Kanyakumari District, South India.

16-28

Authors: Janjira Kongsakorn*1, Prommintra Kongkaew2

The present work aimed to analyze complex sentences and study the types of the complex sentences as used in the selected Thai political news stories from online Bangkok Post. Four Thai political news stories were selected for the study. They were the news stories published in April 2016. The news stories were analyzed based on the following types: Adverbial clauses, relative clauses and nominal clauses. The study found that the complex sentence type which was used with the highest frequency was a nominal clause. It accounted for 44 %. The type of the complex sentence; which was ranked second in use was an adverbial clause. It accounted for 29%. The type of the complex sentences which was least used was a relative clause. It represents 27 %.

45-68

Authors: Uchehara Chris Chigo*1, Ogbonna Precious Ijeoma2

This paper seeks to examine the challenges of professional accounting practices in Nigeria private sector with respect to financial failures in recent times. Survey technique was used and a total sample of one hundred and twenty questionnaires were sampled, purposive sampling technique was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) auditors, accountants, financial managers/directors and other management staff forms the bulk of the entire respondents. Descriptive statistical techniques such as frequency distribution and percentages response analysis were used to analyze data. Results however, revealed that majority are of the opinion that there is yet a level of quality in the financial reports as pertaining to the private sector. It also indicates that the business environment does not permit accountants independence overall. It therefore established the fact that the private sector has not been up to the task of meeting the user’s expectation in their financial reports. It thus implies that accountants are party to inadequacies of financial statements in the private sector. It thus implies that professional accounting practices are yet relevant in the financial reports of the private sector. It thus implies that professional accounting practices are identified with certain deficiency that affects disclosure in corporate organizations. This confirmed the depth of corruption and inefficiency in fund management of the private sector. This indicates that the reason for the shortfall in financial reporting is non conformity with professional accounting practices. This indicates that the accountants also contribute to the increasing financial failures of the private sector. This implies that the business environment of the private sector have an influence on the accountants. This confirms the extent at which these qualities reflect in private sector financial reporting. Based on these findings, it was recommended that emphasis on conformity with professional accounting practices. Also, to combat unethical practices by accountants and professional firms, there is a need to educate company executives, policy-makers and the public about the human costs of anti-social and unprofessional practices, as they deprive ordinary Nigerian citizens of their human and social rights and the accounting profession in Nigeria must therefore continue to monitor development in the external and internal reporting environments through its audit,investigations and forensic accounting faculty and respond adequately.

80-87

Authors: Ruihui Han

Guanxi circle play a critical role in ancient China politics. Based on guanxi, two kinds of guanxi groups formed: formal guanxi circle and informal guanxi circle. The former refers to the group centered the emperor; the latter refers to the groups with the powerful and charismatic figures as the core, except for the emperor. In order to consolidate the political power, the emperors in different periods would try to prevent the informal guanxi circle in political structure. Besides, various scriptures also denounce the informal guanxi circle, deeming such circle as harmful. The judgement of informal guanxi circle appeals to research, as there is no previous researcher has address such problems. This study set out to examine whether the informal guanxi circle is harmful to the whole political structure. Results show that the informal guanxi circle, in the antecedent of satisfactory communication, can be extremely meaningful to the whole political structure. This study implies that the fact of informal guanxi circle is on the contrary of the common sense derived from the scriptures and the superficial ancient political activities, such as the emperor’s order to prevent the informal guanxi circle. The findings can contribute a better understanding of the ancient informal guanxi circle in ancient political structure in China.

104-122

Authors: Bassey Ina Ibor*1, Amenawo Ikpa Offiong2, Enyeokpon Samuel Mendie3

Financial inclusion assures easy access to financial services by enabling the disadvantaged and vulnerable sections of the society to actively contribute to development and protect themselves against socio-economic shocks. Nigeria has a sizeable rural poor population with limited access to conventional financial institutions or services. This study investigated the impact of financial inclusion on the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) performance in Nigeria. The survey research design method was used, involving the use of questionnaires, in collecting data from respondents. Data were analyzed using the Pearson Chi-square technique. The results show that, whereas financial inclusion positively and significantly impacts the operations and growth of MSMEs, distance to financial services access points and infrastructural deficiency challenged fast and effective access to financial services by MSMEs in Nigeria. The study recommends that deliberate efforts should be made to spread access points to more rural areas and improve infrastructure to promote FI. This should include a policy roadmap for expanding financial services access points to unbanked and underserved areas using the financial services geospatial map. Furthermore, the digitizing of payments across the country should be prioritized to include enhanced ICT/E-banking tools and a consumer protection framework.

135-139

Authors: Devanand K. Patil*1, Kaveri G. Avhad2, Prathamesh C. Johore3, Madhuraj K. Sharma4

In this review work the study was done to control the external operation of electrical appliances, the electrical or electronic appliances connected to this system from far away from the operator. For this purpose user can use android type of mobile. Using the IOT, GSM & Wi-Fi we can switch and fault detection of the electrical devices/appliances. This work will be beneficial for agricultural, industrial, domestic, commercial projects also. Automation done in this field is shown here by using the literature review, various authors has worked in the same field and by using different ways. Some authors used vlsi embedded system some used algorithms some used programs some used automation and some used the electronic applications. This work is totally different from others. We used here the circuit diagram and the GSM module and WiFi modules are connected in this circuit to the unit 5 that is ATMEGA328P.That signal is proceed to the controller for further operation. At the load side the load should be either 1-phase or 3-phase. As per the application it depends on the user.

154-160

Authors: Tekleyohannes Berhanu*1, Girma Abebe2, Jameroen Thingtham3, Sayan Tusdri4, Somkiert Prasanpanich3

A survey was conducted in Hamer and Bena-Tsemay pastoral and agro-pastoral districts of South Omo zone, south western Ethiopia in between January to May 2011 with the objective to describe availability of feed resource for goats. Data were collected from the two districts by informal and formal survey methods using focused group discussion and semi-structured questionnaire administered to 250 households. Natural pastures from rangelands are major feed sources for goats. Higher feed availability is reported in March to April (during the main rainy season). However, availability of feed extends up to October in Bena-Tsemay district due to the higher rainfall in the district. In both districts, the hot dry season (November to February) is the period of feed scarcity and during which high mortality of goats have been reported. Crop residues and some food left over are also available for supplementing animals especially in the agro-pastoral areas. The efficiency of goat production in the studied districts could be increased by optimizing goats breeding season with the availability of feed resources.

167-173

Authors: Bouhlal A.1, 2, Chahlaoui A.1, Bouzid J.1, Farhaoui M.2

The wastewater from the urban commune of Mhaya (Morocco) was rejected directly into Ben Kazza river without treatment. This situation caused a widespread, massive, varied and insidious pollution of the environment. A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has been constructed in 2010 in order to preserve the nature surrounding the center. Called Oxylag, the plant has a nominal capacity of 6000 Equivalent Inhabitants. It is based on intensive treatment and it is considered as pilot and unique in Morocco. The treatment is consisting on three basins ventilated by insufflation of artificial air and a basin of finishing. The present study aim is the assessment of the purification performance of this plant during 2012, through the analysis of the pollution parameters (COD, BOD5 and TSS), which is the subject of the Moroccan standards on the quality of domestic wastewater defined by the decree Number 1607-06 of 25 July 2006. The results show a high purification performance in terms of carbon pollution removal (93% for BOD5, 79% for COD and 64% for TSS).

180-192

Authors: Salma Sioud*1, Hichem Rejeb2

This research focuses on the enhancement of natural and cultural landscapes to ensure tourism subsequently as an income generating activity in areas with difficulties. Even if in these areas the potential is high and the willingness of officials and other actors is strong to make tourism an activity that can help local population, success is long in coming. This study helps to highlight the importance of territorial governance for sustainable tourism in Tunisia. Territorial governance has become a central issue in tourism development and a challenge for public policy. Thus, the present study is to show how to evaluate territorial governance taking into account the interactions between the resource territory, local development policies and tourism. The integration of territorial governance principles in sustainable tourism development is one of the most important issues of this activity; in the center of several visions and practices of conservation, negotiating dynamics of the specific objectives of each of the concerned actors in ecotourism development seems to be conflicted between environmental and socio-economic concerns and converging and diverging interests.

198-208

Authors: Teerada Udomsup*1, Nutprapha K. Dennis2

The purpose of this study was to analyze parts of speech used from selected news online entitled “Thailand's anti-smoking YouTube hit”. This study analyzed only words existed in selected news online from Bangkok Post, a Thai newspaper online. It focused on parts of speech used; noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, determination, conjunction and number. The researchers use only a website “parts-of-speech.info” to analyze and collect data. Selected news from Bangkok Post online entitled “Thailand's anti-smoking YouTube hit” was main material for this independent study. Parts-of-speech.info are a website used to collect and analyze data from the selected news. Parts-of-speech.info were used to analyze each sentence from the selected news. The results showed total of; adjective, adverb, conjunction, determiner, noun, number, preposition, pronoun and verb that existed in each sentence. The findings may be useful for English teachers who would like to teach all skills using online news as their teaching resources.

213-222

Authors: Jhilam Rudra De

Dual-career couples were exceptions to the norm in the 1960s, but on date it is difficult to assess the number of married career women in the work force. Previous researches suggest that, the problems of the working women, who are a significant part of a dual career couple, may include lack of flexibility in the workplace, male-trailing spouses, career versus relationship child bearing conflicts etc. The key for dual career couples is to establish a system to help them balance their career and personal activities. For each couple the dynamics are little different, depending on their personal situations. The main aim of this research is to study the level of stress to maintain work life balance of the dual career couples, where the female counterparts are working in the private health sector in Kolkata. Cronbach alpha was used as a reliability test. Independent sample t-tests were used to study the effect of gender and family structure on respondents’ satisfaction towards WLB. Nowadays, a career is not a mere need, but rather, a necessity. It is evident that an understanding, accommodating, and sympathetic approach to the management of dual career stress can improve organizational effectiveness by fostering continued employment and maximum performance among dual career couples.

238-242

Authors: Adugna Gindaba Ejeta*1, Getachew Bekele2

More than half the habitable surface of the Earth has already been significantly altered by human activity. Therefore, this review was conducted to show threats to biodiversity and the role of Conservation Biology for future sustainability. Scientists suggested that this planet’s species are on the verge of mass extinction while our knowledge of diversity and variability of plants, animals, microorganisms and the ecosystem in which they occurs incomplete. Humans’ pressure affect biodiversity by: (1) over harvesting of resources, (2) Habitat destruction, conversion, fragmentation of habitats i.e. degradation and loss, (3) introduction of exotic or invasive organisms and diseases i.e. non- native invasive species (4) Pollution of soil, water and atmosphere, and (5) global environmental change. Conservation Biology is a new stage in the application of science to conservation problems, addresses the biology of species, communities, and ecosystems that are perturbed, either directly or indirectly, by human activities. In addition, it is a multi-disciplinary field that provides 3 overriding principles to guide conservation: First, evolution is the basis for understanding all of biology, and should be a central focus of conservation action. Second, ecological systems are dynamic and non-equilibrial, and therefore change must be a part of conservation. Finally, humans are a part of the natural world and must be included in conservation concerns.

287-292

Authors: Jyoti Prakash Rath*1 , Dr. Maheshwar Sahu2

Health Insurance in India emerges in the year 1999 with the introduction of IRDA bill in the floor of Parliament. In the post-privatization era, health insurance segment developed slowly and steadily. The penetration of insurance sector in Non-Life insurance is kept on increasing since 2001. In order to portray the journey of health insurance sector in India, it is required to show the growth and development of this sector in the country. The present study is intended to evaluate the growth and development of the health insurance sector in India in the post-privatization era. Data are collected mainly from secondary sources. Such data are analyzed and represented suitable through the help of tables, diagrams and charts. From the study, it is concluded that there is a significant upward trend in the growth of health insurance industry in India both at public and private sector after privatization. If this trend continues by keeping other factors constant, then the health insurance business would touch to Rs 20000 crores in the financial year 2016-17 contributed at least 60% by public sector and rest 40% by both private insurers and standalone health insurers.

3-30

Authors: Zimy Samuel Yannick Gahé *1, Zhao Hongzhong 2 Brou Matthias Allate 3, Thierry Belinga4

This paper investigates the validity of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) for the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) stock market using monthly stock returns of twenty Côte d’Ivoire’s listed firms from January 2002 to December 2011. We split this interval into different time periods. Each one of them has also been divided into two different sub-periods among which one served as estimation mean and the second one helped to test the estimated parameters obtained using a times series regression. Afterwards some statistical tests have been conducted to see whether the CAPM’s hypotheses hold or not. The findings showed that higher risk is not associated with higher level of return within the study area. Also, there was no relation between stock return and non-systemic risk except for one period where we found evidence that stock returns were affected by other risk than the systematic risk. On the contrary the stock expected rate of return had a linear relationship with the systematic risk. The study suggested that the listed companies consider other factors and variables which could explain their returns.

8-58

Authors: Meng Gao

As a representative work of modern stream consciousness novel written by James Joyce in twentieth century, Ulysses differs the traditional novel from the aspects such as the creature source of figure and plot, narration structure, a great number of metaphors and allusions usage and translation version. Therefore, its audiences are almost specialists and scholars who are dedicated to the study of Ulysses and few readers could accept it. The essay will review the novel from the stand of ordinary reader from the perspective of reader response theory to analyze the reason for which it becomes a great challenge for readers all over the world so that there could be some available ways for reader to understand the creation origin of the novel and to interpret it better. Finally, the essay hope that the value of the novel could be propagated and its novel creation could be accepted.

13-118

Authors: Dr. Pankaj Kumar

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of earning per share and price earnings ratio on the market price of share of company, therefore in this study market price of share is dependent variable, while earning per share and price earnings ratio are dependent variables and study is exploratory in nature. The study was carried out for a sample of eight companies of auto sector based on Nifty auto index and for a period of five consecutive financial years from 2011-12 to 2015-16. Multiple regression analysis was employed to predict the impact of earning per share and price earnings ratio on market price of share of select companies of auto sector. The result of the study concludes that earning per share has found to be a very strong forecaster of market price of share, while price earnings ratio impact significantly on the prediction of market price of share of select companies of auto sector as whole. The implications and limitations of study are also discussed.

59-66

Authors: Dr.T.Padmavathi *1, Dr. Aruna 2

Breech presentation persists in 3-4% of all term deliveries. There is a threefold increase in perinatal mortality for breech infant delivered vaginally which is related to birth asphyxia and birth trauma. The most frequent cause of death in neonates delivered through breech is intracranial hemorrhage; so many obstetricians recommend caesarean section for breech presentation. It is a retrospective study regarding management of term breech presentation conducted in King George Hospital, Vishakhapatnam from 2012 to 2015 and the results are compared with a similar study conducted in 1981-1984.There is an increase in incidence of caesarean section and decrease in perinatal mortality in our present study when compared to previous study. Increase in caesarean section for breech delivery has decreased the overall incidence of perinatal mortality.

92-112

Authors: CA Gopal Prasad Agrawal*1 , Dr. Anil Kumar Swain2 , Aswini Kumar Bhuyan3

After nationalisation, the Banking activities expanded multi-folds, the banking system in India faces many problems. One of such problems is the vast number of Non-Performing Assets in the banks’ balance sheet. To ensure proper functioning of the banking system in the economy, we need to see that the level of NPAs is kept down. In spite of many fold developments, adverse development of accumulation of NPAs to place over the period, several tools / methods of managing NPAs were tried such as Lok Adalats, Debt Recovery Tribunals, SARFAESI Act, Corporate Debt Restructuring and many more. Cleaning up of the Bank Balance Sheets is essential and urgent to boost growth in coming years, independent loan review mechanism and sale of unproductive assets are some of the ways to arrest the rising NPAs. Since the quality of advances in India particularly the corporate stressed advances are quite poor and huge in comparison to other Asian Pacific emerging countries, if the NPAs are not managed properly there is every chance that the capital and reserves of Banks shall not to able to meet the losses arising on account of write off of Bad Loans

122-134.

Authors: Dr.K.Lenin

In this paper, a new algorithm based on krill herd actions, named as Antarctic krill Herd Algorithm (AKHA) is proposed for solving optimal reactive power dispatch problem. The AKHA algorithm is based on behavior of krill individuals. The minimum distance of each individual krill from food and from uppermost density of the herd are deliberated as the foremost mission for the krill movement. Projected AKHA algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 30 bus test system and simulation results shows clearly about the good performance of the proposed algorithm in reducing the real power loss and voltage stability also improved.

139-141

Authors: Sonika Sharma*1, Dr. L. N. Arya2

We analyze how the law and its necessity impact esteem publicize adjust. Updates in the honest to goodness system, while continually associated with more broad esteem markets, effetely influence esteem returns depending upon the institutional change considered and on the level of general securities trade division. With the expansion of money related pro rights and cures, the amount of level headed discussion has extended. Ninety-two cases have been reported by money related masters in the past three years, addressing half of the aggregate chronicled claims recorded under theory courses of action. The possible destiny of wander settlements is weaved with the destiny of theory plan affirmation.

151-155

Authors: Dr. S. K. Mahobia

The permanent magnet type DC motors are used in various applications as heater, wiper. DC motors are any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current electrical power into mechanical power. The DC motor has important role in moving machine because of mostly use in the industry appliances. The speed control of DC motor is increasingly getting sophisticated and precise. The Speed of the DC motor is controlled by with the help of controlling the stator winding voltage. There are various methods of speed control of DC drives namely field control.

162-167

Authors: Rakesh Kumar Ahirwar*1, Prof. A.K. Jain2

The experiments are conducted for different clearances between punch and die. It is observed that, beyond a clearance for each thickness of the steel sheet metal, however, below the critical clearance, scratches on the surface of the sheet metal were seen due to wear. Sheet metal is metal formed by an industrial process into thin, flat pieces. It is one of the fundamental forms used in metalworking and it can be cut and bent into a variety of shapes.

180-190

Authors: Muhammad Shaukat Malik*1, Huma Ali2, Tahir Ibraheem3

The objective of present study is to investigate the consequences of relationship marketing on customer loyalty. The study also investigates the moderating role of customer expertise between relationship marketing and customer loyalty. The data used in the present study was collected by using a self – administered questionnaire. Data were collected from telecom industry of Pakistan; more specifically data source is the telecom users in Multan. Sample size is 500 and these questionnaires were distributed to collect data among top universities located in Multan. Out of 400 received questionnaires 330 were selected for analysis. SPSS (version 20.0) was used for analysis and statistical tools like ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regressions were used. The result of the present study show that there exists a direct relation between relationship marketing and customer loyalty as well as customer expertise moderates the relationship.

199-207

Authors: Stency Mariam Thomas*1, Prince Arulraj. G2

The main objective of this paper is to achieve an optimal design for the reinforced concrete beams. Optimization of beams results in saving in cost. The objective function is to minimize the total cost of the beam. The cost of each beam includes the cost of concrete, reinforcement and formwork. The optimization process is done for different grades of concrete and steel to determine the best grade of concrete and steel. The optimal design is carried out using MATLAB's (The Mathworks, Inc.) software. Optimization problem is formulated as a Nonlinear constrained minimization problem. This was solved using the fmincon SQP Algorithm. Many problems were solved and it was found that the solutions give the most economical design.

213-224

Authors: Poonam Khatri*1, J.S. Rana2, Pragati Jamdagni3, Anil Sindhu4

In this modern era, medicinal plants are at great attention to the researchers as most of the drug industries depend on medicinal plants for the production of therapeutic compounds. In many countries especially in India, plants are the conventional source of pharmaceutical biochemical, food colours, flavours and fragrances. Hence, the main aim of the study was the identification of bioactive compounds from the leaves of Elettaria cardamomum by Gas Chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The GC-MS study revealed the presence of various compounds like Vitamin E, Squalene, Eucalyptol, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, 4H-1-Benjopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5, 7-dihydroxy-2-pheny, Octadecanoic acid, Phytol, Hexadecanoic acid in the methanolic extract of Elettaria cardamomum. Henceforth, the Elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti- microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract. The results of FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes. In the present study, leaf sample of this plant was analyzed for the first time. This work will help to identify the active components, which may be used for therapeutic purposes. This study offers a platform of using Elettaria cardamomum leaves as herbal alternative for many diseases.

237-251

Authors: Rehab Hani Elkazaz*1, Abeer Elsayed Berma2

Stress is one of the main factors affecting one's efficiency as well as staff health and quality of nursing services. Neonatal units can be stressful environments for nurses, infants and families as well. Since there is no evidence in this regard in Egypt. Aim of the study: to determine the relationship between stress and self-efficacy among staff nurses in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Port Said. Method: This was a descriptive correlation study including thirty three nurses working in NICUs of hospitals in Port Said. The data collection tools were a self-efficacy and stress scales. Results: It reveals that, there were statistically significant correlations between staff nurses self-efficacy and their stress toward financial environment. Also there were negative correlation between stress psychological domain, physical environment and services, work relationship with nurses as well as physicians and self-efficacy assessment. Also reveals that, there were no statistical significant relations between workplace stressors, staff nurses self-efficacy and their socio-demographic characteristics. But there are statistically significant relation was found between staff nurses self-efficacy and their duration of nursing experience. The findings of the present study show that increasing stress in the aspects of psychological, physical environment and services domain, in addition to, social environment with nurses and physicians among nurses would lead to decrease self-efficacy. Also the present study reveals that there were statistically significant correlations between staff nurses self-efficacy and their stress toward financial environment. So, staff nurses should attend continuing educational programs on staff nurses' quality outcomes such as enhancing staff nurses' self-efficacy and strategies coping to reduce stress.

266-278

Authors: Meetu Gupta*1, Rakesh Pant2

Information literacy is lesson of the fundamental entitlement of all citizens in the world to freedom of expression and the right to information. It is instrumental in building and sustaining democracy. University library is continuously striving to fulfill the needs of its broad campus incorporating latest Information & Communication Technology (ICT). Knowledge of PG students and research scholars about the information, information sources, university library, information searching, library consortia, internet etc. assessed in the present study. It has been find out that the students are comfortable in identifying the information need, searching the information, locating the information, finding the information and using the information. They save their time in finding the information.

284-291

Authors: Wafaa Mustafa Hameed *1, Asan Baker Kanbar 2

Genetic algorithms (GAs) represent a method that mimics the process of natural evolution in effort to find good solutions. In that process, crossover operator plays an important role. To comprehend the genetic algorithms as a whole, it is necessary to understand the role of a crossover operator. Today, there are a number of different crossover operators that can be used , one of the problems in using genetic algorithms is the choice of crossover operator Many crossover operators have been proposed in literature on evolutionary algorithms, however, it is still unclear which crossover operator works best for a given optimization problem. This paper aims at studying the behavior of different types of crossover operators in the performance of genetic algorithm. These types of crossover are implemented on Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP); Whitley used the order crossover (OX) depending on specific parameters to solve the traveling salesman problem, the aim of this paper is to make a comparative study between order crossover (OX) and other types of crossover using the same parameters which was Whitley used.

307-312.

Authors: M. Sri Vidhya @ Thangalakshmi

This paper is about the Indian cultural elements in the novel Life Isn’t All Ha HaHeeHeeauthored by MeeraSyal. The characters in the novel have dual identities but they are proud to expose their Indian identity by sticking on to the Indian culture in the host land. Having settled in different countries, it is their wish to adopt the foreign culture but instead they are consistent to follow the homeland culture; even though they belonged to second generation diasporans. The important thing to note in this novel is the characters are happy to glorify their homeland (India) culture, which is typically the Punjabi tradition and customs.

322-332

Authors: Dzikwi, A.A.1, Umoh, J.U.2

Rabies is a viral disease transmitted mainly following the bite of a rabid dog. Dogs are increasingly being kept for security of livestock among cattle herders. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practise regarding dogs and rabies among the cattle herding community to identify gaps regarding knowledge of rabies transmission and plan intervention. Questionnaires were prepared and administered by face to face interview among members of the communities. Responses were scored based on a marking scheme and observations documented. There was poor knowledge and bad practise regarding rabies and dog ownership. Most of the dogs were not vaccinated against rabies. Furthermore, there was a practice of swapping dogs for household items among members of the community and dog dealers. This has grave implication because it will drive reckless dog ownership for the sole purpose of obtaining desired household items. This coupled with poor vaccination of dogs will lead to increased chances of rabies transmission. There is a need for educating this group on the role of dogs in rabies and vaccination of the dogs in the community.

338-356

Authors: Girma Abebe *1, Amanuel Alemu 2

Seed is a key input for improving crop production and productivity. Increasing the quality of seeds can increase the yield potential of the crop by significant folds and thus, is one of the most economical and efficient inputs to agricultural development. Generation and transfer of improved technologies are critical prerequisites for agricultural development particularly for an agrarian based economy such as of Ethiopian. In Ethiopia, for instance, a unit increase in GDP derived from agriculture has a potential of reducing poverty annually by 1.66% as compared to 0.73% poverty reduction expected from non-agricultural sector. Agriculture, particularly crop farming, has a greater effect on both the rural and the urban poor who spend more than a half of their incomes on food. When there are different seed sources available and farmers get access to them there is high probability of adoption of improved varieties .An enhanced seed availability though formal or informal or both sources will improve smallholder farmer’s access to seed and enhance improved variety adoption. In practice, whenever a farmer is talking about getting a new seed it implies that she or he is deciding to adopt a new variety. The ultimate goal of a farm household in a risk prone agro-ecology is to obtain seed with characteristics suitable to farmers’ agro-ecological and socio-economic condition. Similarly, seed is pivotal in the improvement of food security and farm household livelihood.

363-368

Authors: Dr. C.Subathra

There is no doubt that we are in the midst of a great revolution in the history of women. Women are major contributions to the 21’st century’s emerging economy. These days the mantra that women seem to embrace is that of women entrepreneurship. Everywhere problem also travels along with prospect. Entrepreneurship is of no exception to this. The condition will be more serious especially with the womenfolk considered. In this paper, the researcher has attempted to study the problems of women entrepreneurs in general and the problems of women tailor in Asaripallam area in particular. Also suggested some valuable solutions to overcome those problems.