17-22
ХАРАКТЕР ХАРЧУВАННЯ, СТРЕСОВИЙ ФАКТОР ТА ГІПОДИНАМІЯ ЯК ОСНОВНІ ПРИЧИНИ РОЗВИТКУ ДИСМЕТАБОЛІЧНИХ РОЗЛАДІВ У ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ЛОКОМОТИВНИХ БРИГАД
Authors: Арустамян О.М., Ткачишин В.С., Ткачишина Н.Ю., Алексейчук О.Ю.
Number of views: 417
Purpose of the work: assessment of the nature of food, neuro-emotional state, stress, anxiety level and level of physical activity during working hours for workers of locomotive crews. Materials and methods. 249 workers of locomotive crews were examined in age from 19 to 61 years old. As a control group, randomized in its basic parameters were taken 93 engineers to study stress and the level of personal and situational anxiety surveyed using psychological testing of Spielberger. Information about nutrition gathered during three days using questionnaires. Average values of energy consumption, the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as diet were compared with the norms according to instructions Institute of Nutrition ("Clinical nutrition: current approaches to standardization of diet therapy", 2007). Results of the study. Workers of locomotive crews have sitting position for 75% of working time, the tension of the labor process - III (2) according to the order of Ministry of Health of Ukraine № 528. During the psychological testing of Spielberger was found that 81,5% of workers of locomotive crews have an average and high levels of stress, and high levels of anxiety in contrast to the control group (21,4%, respectively). It was found that 64,70±2,26% of workers of locomotive crews, having necessary energy consumption 2500-2800 kcal receive extra daily energy (ΔЕ) 658,32±64,87 kcal, 22,50%, respectively 1020,34±125,54 kcal. Daily consumption of proteins / fats / carbohydrates in workers of locomotive crews in ratio: 12,15 : 48,56 : 40,29 does not correspond to the standard values. Daily consumption of fats, in general, of animals fats is excessive (93,70±1,65%) compared with the norms (60-70%). In contrast to the standard values (15-20%) the consumption of mono - and disaccharides by workers of locomotive crews is excessive (75,25±2,31%). Value for breakfast : lunch : dinner in workers of locomotive crews is 37,23±2,11% : 17,87±3,67% : 55,10±2,56% compared with norms (up to 30% : 50% : 30%) according to the instructions Institute of Nutrition ("Clinical Nutrition: modern approaches to standardization of diet therapy", 2007). Conclusions. During hygienic assessment of working conditions of workers of locomotive crews was found that the intensity of the work process refers to Class III grade 2 according to the order of Ministry of Health of Ukraine № 528 of 27.12.2001 "On approval of the sanitary classification of work in terms of hazards and risks in the working environment, the severity and intensity of the work process." Workers of locomotive crews due to unfavorable working conditions suffer from fisical hypodynamia, unbalanced, irrational and irregular supply, also have high level of stress and high levels of anxiety that can lead to the development of dismetabolic disorders.