Bulletin of Science and Practice

19-24

Authors: Shvannikov V.

The paper deals with the main components of NMR spectroscopy, namely: terminology (chemical shift, multiplicity, and so on) and some examples of software additions (COSY, HECTOR). The theme of this work is aimed at students in the profile of organic chemistry, it allows you to get acquainted with the phenomenon of NMR (in General terms) and decoding spectra without deepening into quantum chemistry and physics. This improves communication and minimizes misunderstandings between the synthetic chemist and the spectroscopic chemist, as this method is one of the most commonly used in determining the structure of organic matter (does not violate the integrity of the carbon skeleton and prevents fragmentation).

31-37

Authors: Mammadova I., Mammadova Z.

The article presents the features of introduction, morphological characteristics and methods of reproduction of Vitex agnus-castus L., depending on the soil and climatic conditions of the Absheron Peninsula of the Azerbaijan. It is determined the dynamics of growth and development, the degree of germination of seeds, the formation of vegetative organs. It was revealed that during the reproduction of the species by cuttings in comparison with seeds, the development proceeds more efficiently. V. aqnus-castus L. grows mainly in moderately humid, subtropical and tropical conditions and in Absheron conditions of the Azerbaijan is subject to a dry subtropical climate, which extends the adaptation process of this species. However, the proper agro-technical care for the plant in the open field contributed to the normal growth and development. V. aqnus-castus L. is propagated by seeds (possibly by autumn and spring sowing) or by green cuttings. Germination of fresh seeds is good, but stored for more than for 2 months need three-month stratification in wet sand by 5°C. The shoots are friendly and saplings.

46-50

Authors: Abramova S., Zaidulina L., Grachev D., Iseev D., Syatkina I.

Family health is an indicator reflecting the health status of the population. According to world statistics around the world about 15% of couples suffer from infertility. The proportion of infertile couples in the Russian Federation varies from 8 to 21%, while more than 55% of cases of infertility are due to impaired reproductive function. Inflammation of the fallopian tubes is one of the main causes of infertility. According to many authors in the Russian Federation, in groups of women up to 38 years old, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs occur from 20% to 50%. As a result of the development of damage to the fallopian tubes, the risk of developing tuboperitoneal infertility is high. According to statistics, every fifth woman has chronic inflammations, while 75% of them have adhesions in the small pelvis, in which the fallopian tubes are affected, not even having surgical treatment. All the above facts make the problems of tuboperitoneal infertility extremely low. This article presents the results of a clinical–factor analysis of tuboperitoneal infertility in women of reproductive age. Considered in detail the main factors that ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the treatment in accordance with the algorithms of therapeutic and diagnostic tactics.

57-72

Authors: Bulgakova S., Romanchuk P., Volobuev A.

Biophysics of blood circulation in Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by disorders of laminar blood flow and cerebral hypoperfusion. As a result, failure intracellular metabolism, there is a cascade of changes in neurons associated with the processes of excitotoxicity and oxidant stress, which in turn stimulates amyloidogenesis. Experimental and 25-year observations have shown that the long-existing state of hypoperfusion leads to hippocampal disorders. This process is accompanied by memory impairment, structural changes in the capillaries in the hippocampus, impaired glucose and protein metabolism, β–amyloid deposition, activation of glial tissue, death of hippocampal neurons. Neuroreflex disruption in the ‘cerebral heart’ and a violation of cerebrovascular homeostasis contributes to the development of vascular dementia through the following mechanisms, including cerebral microangiopathy, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, the increase in β–amyloid neurotoxicity, apoptosis, etc. The duration of therapy with antiglutamatergic and multimodal drugs in Alzheimer’s disease requires constant multidisciplinary monitoring of targets and medical and social control in the system of long-term care. Lifelong acquisition of knowledge, information positive Nano communication enable the preservation of mental health and active longevity. Innovative methods of P4-medicine of neuroplasticity management allow to carry out timely prevention of the factors reducing neuroplasticity, to keep factors of positive influence on the visceral and cognitive brain, and the main thing — in due time to apply in practical health care the combined methods of preservation and development of the human cognitive brain.

78-82

Authors: Dzhantaeva G., Kudaybergenova G.

A study of plasma hemostasis in 49 patients suffering from bone tuberculosis before and after chemotherapy has been conducted. It was established that in the group of patients older than 50 years after treatment with chemotherapy drugs, there is a moderate hypercoagulation shift in the hemostasis system, expressed in a decrease in the prothrombin index, a decrease in the level of fibrinogen, an increase in the prothrombin time. The aim of the study was to study the indicators of the hemostatic system in patients of different age groups with tuberculous infection of the bone apparatus before and after chemotherapy.

89-95

Authors: Gorshenina E., Veryaskina O., Tugusheva V.

This article is devoted to the study of left ventricular remodelling processes in patients with different duration of hypertension history. The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that not only the increase in the mass of the left ventricle but also the type of its geometric changes determines the risk of mortality of patients from cardiovascular complications. Cardiac remodelling precedes clinical manifestations of heart failure and accompanies them, as well as independently exacerbates the manifestations of diastolic and systolic ventricular dysfunction, is a serious independent prognostic risk factor for arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, strokes and sudden death. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 40 case histories of patients who were on inpatient treatment in GBUZ RM Republican hospital. Depending on the length of the disease, the subjects were divided into two groups: with the duration of the disease up to and more than 10 years. Echocardiography data were used to describe the nature of left ventricular remodelling. Our results showed that the prevalence of myocardial hypertrophy in patients with hypertension is low and is 20% in the group with anamnesis of GB<10 years and 15% — with anamnesis of GB>10 years. In the group of patients with long-term existing hypertension, more pronounced hypertrophy of the left ventricular walls is observed. In the long-term course of hypertension, the development of concentric remodelling and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is an early marker of geometric restructuring of the left ventricle. Early detection of left ventricular remodelling processes is necessary for correct risk stratification and treatment tactics.

105-111

Authors: Esengeldi A., Maimerova G., Mamatov S.

The article presents the results of treatment of 27 children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura in the process of high-altitude climate therapy. All children had approved the final diagnosis and no positive hormone therapy (prednisone) effects. As a result of the ineffectiveness of drug therapy, patients were sent to the high-altitude climate therapy. In the process of high-altitude climate therapy, two children achieved complete and 17 children achieved partial remission. Improvement of clinical and haematological parameters was temporary in 6 children, and lack of effect was registered in 2 children. During the year of observation, no treatment was needed in children with complete, partial remission and clinical and haematological improvement.

121-127

Authors: Shtyrov E., Zotov R., Lapshtaeva A.

The annual increase in cases of oncological diseases dictates the need to search for and develop new methods for diagnosing and treating cancer. The article presents the results of the analysis of modern literature sources devoted to CAR T–cell therapy, which has become a breakthrough trend in the treatment of a number of hematological tumors. The basis of CAR T–cell therapy is the creation of a pool of tumor–specific cytotoxic lymphocytes by introducing an ex vivo transgene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). The article outlines the basic principles, possible complications, the advantages and disadvantages of CAR T–cell therapy.

136-144

Authors: Asgarova M.

Considers the economic assessment of the soil. Such indicators as the quality of soil score, tariff category and coefficients for various land acquisition purposes were used as an estimate. The object of study is the irrigated soils of Azerbaijan, which are used for sowing cotton. The price of a hectare of soil was calculated by multiplying the quality of soil score by the tariff for 1 point depending on the soil category. In conclusion, it is concluded that irrigated grey–meadow soils have a yield grade of 100, irrigated meadow–grey — 91 points and irrigated chestnut soils 99 points.

24-29

Authors: Ishmetov A.

In the present paper, we proof the functor If of idempotent probability measures acting in the category of Hausdorff compact spaces and their continuous maps is normal

38-46

Authors: Kholturaev Kh.

For idempotent probability measures, max–plus variant of Fubini theorem is established. Further, it is proven metrizability of a given compact if the space of idempotent probability measures defined on the compact, is hereditary normal.

58-68

Authors: Prishnivskaya Ya., Nassonova E., Chertov N., Zhulanov А., Vasileva Yu., Boronnikova S., Kalendar R.

Researched 3 Scots pine populations (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) and 3 populations of western species of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinaceae) in Perm krai for genetic diversity within species detecting. 114 ISSR–PCR P. sylvestris markers and 116 ISSR–PCR L. sibirica markers were amplified. The rate of polymorphic loci expected heterozygosity and number of rare ISSR–PCR markers were identified. Researched species are characterized by high genetic diversity. The rate of polymorphic loci is higher in P. sylvestris; expected heterozygosity and the number of effective alleles is higher in L. sibirica. Each species has populations with high and low genetic diversity parameters. The rare alleles were identified in every of 6 researched populations, but the number ranges from 6 to 13 in P. sylvestris populations and from 3 to 10 in L. sibirica populations. Genetic structure of researched populations analysis show that the interpopulation component of genetic diversity accounts for 30.28% in P. sylvestris and 30.92% in L. sibirica; most of the genetic diversity of P. sylvestris (69, 72%) and L. sibirica (69.08%) is concentrated within populations. Generic markers were found for the genus Pinus and Larix, and species markers for P. sylvestris and L. sibirica. Identification polymorphic markers or their combinations typical for the studied populations of two studied species. The molecular genetic formulas and barcodes of the studied populations are composed. Data on the intraspecific genetic diversity of populations of woody plants of the Perm krai will allow to recommend measures of their conservation, as well as to carry out molecular genetic identification of both natural populations and wood from these populations, which is important for determining the legality of its harvesting.

76-102

Authors: Volobuev A., Romanchuk P.

Modern rational pharmacotherapy allows being provided with a balance of efficacy and safety in clinical geriatrics, which is especially important in patients with neurovascular degeneration, including in the presence of severe forms of vascular comorbidity, requiring multi–component therapy, under the condition of active multidisciplinary and interdepartmental impact. Dementia in its origin is mixed and it is extremely difficult to divide into parts its primary degenerative or vascular component. The differentiated approach is determined by the heterogeneity of the pathological process, which common is the relationship of cerebral vascular damages with the development of the brain symptoms damage. The problem of nosological independence of Alzheimer’s disease is the subject of discussion for patients of older age groups (especially in people 65 years and older). The genesis of mnestic–intellectual disorders is due not so much to primary–degenerative as vascular changes, especially at the level of the microcirculatory canal. The modern problem of neurodegeneration has a neurophysiological, biophysical, gerontological, geriatric and strategic practical orientation since the diagnosis of the cause of the disease determines the choice of adequate treatment. Due to a large number of pathogenetical mechanisms, there is no single and standardized method of treatment for vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. In any case, prevention of the development and progression of vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease should take into account the etiological mechanisms of its occurrence, because it will vary in patients with failures of small vessels, occlusive damages of the main arteries of the head or an embolism of cardiogenic origin. In patients with failures of small vessels, the main direction of therapy should be the normalization of blood pressure, which leads to improved cognitive functions. At the same time, excessive lowering of blood pressure can provoke an increase in mnestic-intellectual disorders, possibly caused by a secondary decrease in cerebral blood flow due to a violation of autoregulation. Biophysics of blood circulation in Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by disorders of laminar blood flow and cerebral hypoperfusion. As a result, failure intracellular metabolism, there is a cascade of changes in neurons associated with the processes of excitotoxicity and oxidant stress, which in turn stimulates amyloidogenesis. Experimental and 25-year observations have shown that the long–existing state of hypoperfusion leads to hippocampal disorders. This process is accompanied by memory impairment, structural changes in the capillaries in the hippocampus, impaired glucose and protein metabolism, β–amyloid deposition, activation of glial tissue, the death of hippocampal neurons.

108-112

Authors: To the Issue of Acute Myocarditis

According to statistics, pathology of the cardiovascular system can occur in 80% of patients who have undergone various acute viral infections, including influenza. All these manifestations are compensatory in nature and are completed independently without additional therapy. Children have respiratory viral infections, arising heart failure and various rhythm disturbances, quite often with a protracted course. Perhaps the emergence of an acute process, as well as the presence of viruses that can cause difficulties in terms of diagnosis and diagnosis, and other controversial issues. This attempt to highlight some controversial points. The detailed historical aspect of the formation of this nosological unit.

119-124

Authors: Mokina E., Naumenko E., Kumanyaeva D., Rakhmatullina M., Surgaeva E.

The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. Clinically, the atrial septal defect belongs to the low manifest defects. The severity of its symptoms depends on the size and location of the defect, as well as, to a greater extent, on the duration of the defect and the development of secondary complications. This situation dictates the need for early diagnosis of this congenital heart disease, dynamic observation, timely treatment, which determines the relevance of this study. In this article, we tried to analyze and evaluate in detail the results of ECG and EchoCG of newborns with interatrial communications. We carried out a retrospective analysis of 94 case histories of full-term newborns who are undergoing inpatient examination and treatment in the hospital of the city of Saransk for the period from December 2016 through March 2018. In the course of our study, it was found that the ECG study does not reveal specific signs suggesting the presence of MPS. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to the position of the electrical axis of the heart, the presence of signs of overloading of the right heart, especially the right ventricle. When EchoCG is studied in newborns with MPS, and more often with MPS sizes greater than 4 mm, an increase in the right ventricle and thickening of its anterior wall are diagnosed.

131-136

Authors: Emilbekov M.

The article presents risk factors affecting the risk of formation of torticollis in children of different ages. As a result of the influence of pathogenic factors on the fetus, there is a violation of the musculoskeletal system in the afterbirth period, which as a result causes torticollis in the child.

144-151

Authors: Ermakova N., Kharbedia Sh., Zaslavsky D.

The article is devoted to the assessment of such indicators of the availability of dermatological care as the provision of the population with medical personnel and cots. In 2015–2017, in the North–West Federal District, in comparison with the average Russian indicators, there is a higher provision of doctors with dermatovenereologists and a lower provision with dermatovenereologic beds. The negative dynamics of indicators allows judging about the decrease in the availability of dermatovenereologic aid to the population of the North-Western Federal District.

157-162

Authors: Alymbaev E., Тerekhova O., Maimerova G., Kozhonazarova G.

The article presents a retrospective analysis of case histories of 392 children and adolescents with 1 type diabetes from 2011 to 2018. The analysis found that 60 children and adolescents suffer from diabetic nephropathy (which composes 15%). It was revealed that mostly diabetic nephropathy occurs in boys, as well as disease duration of type 1 diabetes at the time of diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy was 5–10 years

168-174

Authors: Beishebaeva N., Uzakbaev K.

Purpose. This report describes data collected Kyrgyz Republic by the Registry of Renal Biopsies (KRRB) which includes renal biopsies 108 (RB) performed over a period of 3 years (2015–2018). Methods. The KRRB has collected information on all (n=108) native renal biopsies performed in the Kyrgyz Republic from 2015 to 2018. Patients’ clinical data collected at the time of biopsy and histopathological diagnoses were used for epidemiological and clinicopathologic analysis. Results. The most common renal biopsy diagnoses in children IgAN (20,4%) and minimal change disease MCD (19,3%) were dominant.

184-188

Authors: Bakhtegareeva Z., Kozlova G., Onina S.

The article presents the influence of soil pH on the concentration of metals present in bee products, namely, in bee bread and honey. The pH of the soils of the territories of private apiaries in the Birsk, Burayevo, Karaidel districts and the content of heavy metals in soil, bee bread and honey were determined. It is noted that the soil of the apiary of the Birsk district is slightly alkaline. Lead and arsenic accumulate most of all in it. The soil of apiaries in Burayevo and Karaidel districts is alkaline. Copper and arsenic accumulate most of all in them. It is noticed that bee products accumulate in themselves heavy metals. Their greatest accumulation is observed in bee bread.

197-205

Authors: Tyslenko A., Zuev D., Skatova S.

Spring triticale is a new grain crop created by the artificial crossing of winter rye with wheat. By productivity, biochemical qualities of grain, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses exceed the initial parental form. In this regard, it is in great demand in animal husbandry non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the work is to identify the spring triticale varieties adapted to the climatic conditions of the Vladimir region. Evaluation of the breeding material was carried out according to the Methodology of state variety testing of agricultural crops. As a result of a four-year study of 14 zoned recognized varieties and promising numbers, it has been established that the formation of their yields occurs mainly due to the number of productive haulm stands, grains and productivity of the ear, with a thousand–kernel weight. The yield of feed grain varied from 2.30 t/ha to 6.16 t/ha, depending on the climatic conditions of the year. A high correlation was established between the yield and the structural elements of the ear — the number of grains in the ear (+0.60±0.12), the mass of grain from the ear (+ 0.56±10); medium — with a mass of 1000 grains (+0.46±16). Short-growing varieties Amore, Dorofeya and Amigo showed a maximum yield index of 43 — 46.1%. Varieties of spring triticale Norman, Dobroe, Dorofeya and promising numbers no. 35, T-396 was the most adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the zone and are recommended for cultivation in agricultural production.

211-215

Authors: Sultonov K., Eralieva Sh.

In this article presented research results conducted on the study of the efficacy of phytosanitary approbation implements in nurseries in order to get cuttings for qualitative vine seedling preparation. It was determined that the survival capability of cuttings increased by 1,5–2 times more when obtained through conducting approbation compared to gross production from industry vineyards. As was defined, in order to achieve high survival capability of vine cuttings and well development of their seedlings it is expedient to carry out approbation in vine nurseries from where the cuttings are taken.

222-226

Authors: Suleimanov P.

The irrigation thoroughly influences on the soil. It changes the water–physical features of the sowing layer a rate and direction of the chemical and microbiological processes and also splintering and collection character of organic substances, this raises agricultural plants productivity. Correct selection of the progressive irrigation technics and methods applied in the orchards prevents from soil degradation, permits keeping humidity at an optimum limit in the soil.

232-239

Authors: Rystsova E., Kondrashkina K.

This article is devoted to the study of the connection between autoinflammatory disease and the development of a mast cell tumour on the example of Shar-Pei. The HAS2 gene, which is responsible for the synthesis of hyaluronic acid, in Shar-Pei has an increased expression due to which hyaluronic acid accumulates in the dermis, forming breed-defining skin phenotype — think skin folds. It became known that hyaluronic acid is involved in immune reactions. Under normal conditions, it is in the high molecular weight fraction, but in abundant it begins to fragment into low molecular weight polymers interacting with the membranes of mast cells, as an antigen, due to chemical similarity with the microbial surface. Thus, mast cells and other immunocompetent cells initiate the inflammatory process. Therefore, the breed predisposition of Shar-Pei to the accumulation of hyaluronic acid can cause self-inflammatory diseases in dogs. The link with mastocytoma can be traced because hyaluronic acid also affects the proliferation and terminal differentiation of mast cells, interacting with the CD44 co-receptor of the c-kit receptor. The KIT gene is marked by researchers as the gene responsible for the active proliferation of mast cells. There were found mutations in the same gene in dogs with a mastocytoma. Perhaps the appearance of hyaluronic acid in chronic inflammation, as well as in the development of mastocytoma indicate the presence of a connection between both pathological processes.

245-247

Authors: Sedoshkina K., Filioglo S.

According to statistics, dermatological pathologies of animals occupy one of the first places in the frequency of occurrence. In addition to infections and allergic reactions, there are autoimmune diseases that occur with the defeat of the skin, as well as pathologies with unknown aetiology. Juvenile cellulite (washing of puppies, juvenile pyoderma) is a rare, idiopathic form of panniculitis of young dogs, more often puppies, characterized by generalized aseptic inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue.

256-259

Authors: Annayev S., Boykova A.

Improvement of the quality management system (QMS) of services of construction companies is of exceptional importance. The article gives recommendations on its improvement of QMS at the enterprises of the construction industry of the Russian Federation.

264-270

Authors: Balakina N., Balakin A.

An assessment of the negative impact of noise on the human body is given. The dependence of this effect on the intensity of noise, the duration of its action during the working day, the length of service in terms of exposure to noise, as well as the individual sensitivity of the organism, the intensity of physical activity and a complex of other harmful production factors, is considered. The analysis of the currently used methods of noise rationing, its control and evaluation at workplaces is carried out. Considered regulatory documents in the field of noise assessment in the workplace. The relationship between the maximum permissible equivalent sound levels and the severity categories of the labour process is given, as well as the dependence of the degree of risk of hearing damage on the equivalent noise level and duration of work. The paper proves the preference of using a dose assessment of noise from the point of view of taking into account the real degree of risk of hearing damage while pointing out the disadvantages inherent in this technique. In the future, it is proposed to create a measurement tool that allows evaluating both equivalent noise levels and the resulting dose of noise.

280-287

Authors: Shvaiba D.

Taking as a basis the scientific study of different concepts in the theory of security, it is necessary to assume that the inaccessibility of the threat in the absolute sense is impossible. In fact, there may not be a certain type of threat to a particular object in a specific period of time (if there is not yet or there is no longer a corresponding danger factor). It is necessary to take into account that interests are only a small part of a wide range of objects of state protection. This share differs subjectively and interacts with the implemented financial, economic and social policy, the productivity of which is largely dependent on the impact of individual groups of people and parties (based on socio-political preferences). In addition — it is quite a mobile category, which has the ability to change qualitatively. It is obvious that the danger is one of the many destructive moments of security, along with those of which have already been discussed, for example, threat, challenge, risk, decline, crisis, cataclysm, destruction, deformation processes, etc. It is necessary to clarify that the danger in the context of the ‘security triad’ is always modified: in a short time, they have all chances to transform from the present into the probable and vice versa.

293-300

Authors: Nizamova G. Smagulova N.

In modern society, women's entrepreneurship has a special role. Woman entrepreneur is the bearer of new thinking, philosophy and lifestyle, values and morality. The female factor is aggressively breaking into the modern picture of the world, demanding a rethinking of the ultimate foundations of a new civilization. The study was based on the analysis of scientific literature on the formation and development of female entrepreneurship, the survey of women involved in entrepreneurial activities, the analysis of statistical reporting. The motives of women’s participation in business are analyzed. The structure of the motives of small business is proposed and the features of the motivations of women entrepreneurs are highlighted. The study identified the types of women entrepreneurs. The article shows the development trends of women’s entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan and identified the problems of its development.

307-311

Authors: Erlygina E., Abramova Yu.

The article deals with the issues of improving the competitiveness and market stability of the enterprise. The basic concepts and methods of inventory management. The system of inventory management at the enterprise is offered. Three concepts of inventory management are highlighted. The management system is a set of measures for the creation and replenishment of inventory, the organization of continuous monitoring and operational planning of supplies. Using the proposed management methods gives the company the opportunity to increase competitiveness.

317-322

Authors: Savelieva A.

In modern conditions of development, there is a whole range of activities aimed at modernizing social networks, including the development and modernization of internal organizations, with the aim of improving the quality of the tasks. The article describes the personnel reserve of the organization in modern conditions. Special attention is paid to the principles and principles of forming a reserve framework within organizations. The approach of A. Ya. Kibanov to the formation of internal personnel in a modern organization is considered. Analyzed current trends in the redistribution of responsibilities between employees, in the states and in the states. Indicators of the strategic level and structural development.

332-337

Authors: Erlygina E., Filimonova V.

The article deals with the problems of interaction between enterprises and consumers in the conditions of increasing market competition. The directions of loyalty increase are developed taking into account the peculiarities of the company’s position in the market. For a successful company, it is necessary to constantly monitor brand awareness, analyze the factors that contribute to increasing brand attractiveness, develop comprehensive measures to build brand loyalty and evaluate the effectiveness of their implementation. Therefore, the problem of assessing customer loyalty as a starting point of its formation is of particular importance. The use of various assessment models allows you to identify the most effective tools and methods of influence, to identify key areas of investment in the marketing budget, which is especially important in the conditions of the need for savings.

342-347

Authors: Abdullayev A.

The generally accepted view of the functions of a small business as a social institution that supports the competitive environment, employment and adaptive factors of the economy: a particular lifestyle, class. A manifestation of small business opportunities in the Soviet period of development was the cooperative sector of the economy, in many of the proposed modern enterprise formats. At the same time, small business is actively developing in the investment and construction sector in a highly qualified segment in the provision of accounting services, project management, design, estimates, and most importantly, coordination of design pushes forward effectiveness of the companies.

353-358

Authors: Khomitov K.

The article analyzes the current state of lending to the economy as a whole and lending to investment projects in Uzbekistan. The main part of attracted investments is directed to the implementation of projects for the modernization, technical and technological renewal of branches of the real sector of the economy of Uzbekistan. The investment potential of bank deposits is limited since they are placed for a short period in order to preserve capital and cannot be invested by commercial banks in financing long-term loans. For domestic banks, it is important to reduce the rate of mandatory reserves of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

368-372

Authors: Golovkin R., Shumova K.

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of territorial action of law. The paper analyzes the legal regime of the subsoil as part of the territory of the state. The scientific and legal technical determination of the development limit of the subsoil is presented. Developed and made proposals to improve the operation of law in the regulation of public relations related to the subsoil.

378-381

Authors: Prozorov A.

The article is devoted to the problems of the qualification of petty bribery crimes. The article also touches upon the problem criminal low assessment and proportionate punishment of group crimes of petty bribery; the problem of the qualification of mediation in bribery; the issue of choosing a criminal qualification of petty international bribery depending on the subject of the crime. The problem of petty bribery qualification and assessment of actions mediator in this crime. Possible qualification options are offered with specific examples.

388-397

Authors: Ivanov D., Tishakova Yu.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of autoaggressive behaviour in adolescence. The main idea of the article is to consider the use of psychoactive substances by adolescents as manifestations of auto-aggression. The article presents a theoretical analysis of foreign and domestic psychological literature on the problem of autoaggressive behaviour. The analysis allowed to reveal the psychological characteristics of adolescence. The analysis we have given allowed to reveal the psychological characteristics of adolescence. Age-specific reasons contributing to the involvement of adolescents in the process of psychoactive substance use are revealed. Auto-aggressive behaviour is considered by the authors as one of the main reasons for the initiation of the use of psychoactive substances. By auto-aggressive behaviour, the authors understand destructive, abnormal actions that are turned against themselves. Auto-aggressive behaviour is considered by the authors of the article as a direct manifestation of the death instinct since it leads to death. The article contains a description of the course of the experiment and research methods, analysis of the results of studying the relationship between autoaggressive behaviour and psychoactive substance use in adolescence. The aim of the study was to analyze the propensity to use of psychoactive substances, depending on the severity of auto-aggression. An empirical study of autoaggressive behaviour in adolescents makes it possible to consider the use of psychoactive substances in adolescence one of the manifestations of auto-aggression. It has been shown from our studies that the cause of addictive behaviour in adolescence may be auto-aggressive behaviour.

405-409

Authors: Kurdadze I.

The author, based on the achievements of a phycological–pedagogical science, researches in the sphere of pedagogy at high school and pedagogical innovations, makes discussions on the theoretical-methodological and practical issues the of formation of the innovative educational environment. The emphasis is made on the conditions promoting to the formation of the effective educational environment, the mechanisms required for its formation, need on planning and implementing the creative projects and a requirement on the didactical system with two-level content of training discipline.

421-425

Authors: Turdieva A., Turdiev A.

The main goal of Higher Education is giving good knowledge to students. High level of theoretical knowledge makes the young specialist competitive in society. After 1 year he starts to use his practice skills. The students of medical faculties haven’t timed for mistakes. The first-year residency program General practitioner assumes that the young doctor is leaving for the periphery and is starting practical work. Therefore, one of the priorities of the medical university is preparing medical students with practical skills. How can we achieve this? Only by using a case–study, for better learning and receiving practical skills.

431-435

Authors: Makusev O.

The article considers various forms of organizing physical education at school. Major requirements for the lesson are analyzed in detail; ways of organizing homework are described; some recommendations on arranging sports competitions are given.

443-447

Authors: Kuzikulova D., Sadykova N.

This article presents the experience of innovative use of modern pedagogical technologies in the formation of a competitive specialist, which is used in studying the discipline Foreign Language in high school. Use of this method facilitates business communications, sustains the mental activity of the student’s, provides team building and prepares conditions for creative thinking.

452-456

Authors: Saidvalieva D.

In this article, we would like to discuss the role of English as the global language and its impacts on our profession as English teachers. Foreign languages open doors to development and give access to international education. English has roles as both an international and a global language. As an international language, English has played a role as the tool of communication among people from different countries, in other words, English is used to bridge linguistic odd among people in international communities.

462-465

Authors: Abidova Z., Tursunova U., Khusomiddinova M.

The world turns out to be a small village due to globalization and communication technologies. In this new world, different cultures and communication means have interlaced and started to increasingly affect each other, leading communication and culture to transform into two organic structures that feed each other. The culture in which individuals socialize also determines these individual’s ways of communication. It is necessary to examine the communicational behaviours of the members of given societies to distinguish the differences between these cultures. The skills of different people who live in different cultures in enduring the information load would also be different. Today, it is possible to transfer any information via news media in an instant. This, as a result, increases the significance of new media in intercultural communication.

471-475

Authors: Azimova S.

Today, communities are increasingly facing rapid and profound changes and tensions that affect the social, economic, and political aspects of life. The role of education has also become questionable in the millennial era. A matter of fact, 21st-century education requires a gradual shift in curriculum construction focusing on the transferable competencies that learners need to develop in instructional settings. In today’s knowledge-based, types of skills and competencies that students need to gain are different from in the past. Emphasizing the communicative competence is one of the most influential developments in language education. The implementation of communicative activities in EFL/ESL classroom prepares learners to use English in the world beyond based on their own needs, interests and opportunities.

483-488

Authors: Antonova Yu.

The problem of patriotism in our time is one of the most popular and serious problems of society. The article substantiates the relevance of Patriotic education in a secondary school. The author analyzed various approaches to the definition of ‘patriotism’ and justified the relevance of the study of the problem of formation of patriotism in modern society. The article also offers the forms and methods of Patriotic education at school.

494-497

Authors: Jalalova I., Sagdullakhojaev S.

Compared to previous generations, the educational process that students and teachers are currently going through is quite different. Primarily, the main cause of changes in education is due to the fast development of modern technology. Because of technology, students are eligible to learn beyond the classroom. Nowadays, teachers and students are able to use the internet to contact each other off university grounds. Instead of sitting face-to-face in a classroom, teachers can now educate their students anywhere, anytime. Today, teachers are beginning to take advantage of technology for educational purposes.

504-509

Authors: Khokhlunova T.

Currently, more and more attention is paid to the processes related to the upbringing of children. The analysis of the actual issue of raising children with deviant behaviour in the conditions of the Family Education Assistance Centers. The main task in the modern world is the strengthening and development of the family as an environment for the formation and upbringing of a person. It is really possible to contribute to the elimination of the deviant behaviour of an adolescent only with the joint actions of the school and the family, with competently organized pedagogical support of the family education of adolescents with deviant behaviour.

518-525

Authors: Mirzalieva, I.

Syntactic classes — word combinations, the simple sentence, the composite sentence, the text are not always based on a specific pattern. When we are involved in the analysis, we find syntactic classes out of the defined and accepted rules and the study of such syntactic classes generate difficulty. In our view, it is more appropriate to the group and explorers such classes under the name of ‘Asymmetric Syntactic Classes’. We call asymmetricity the absence or impairment of symmetry, mean exclusion from legality and accepted the norm. The use of the term ‘asymmetry’ in linguistic could be a liked to metaphor, but the development of linguistics in the past century has been characterized by the widespread use of this term and this category represents the fundamental structure and features of the language. Asymmetricity is a dual and multilateral structure–semantic and functional relation between asymmetric expression and expressed. Asymmetric Syntactic Class means syntactic classes that are not subordinate to general law. A symmetricity at the level of word combination occurs in the noun combinations of Azerbaijani and Turkish languages, most of which is between the sides of the attributive word combination. This is often found when the dependent side is expressed as ‘we’ personal pronoun. At this time the word combination loses its affiliation affix. At simple sentence level asymmetry gives itself a break in the order of the word sequence. Sometimes a part of the sentence breaks it and is not part of the sentence or parallelism is used in the sentence. In addition, asymmetrical syntactic classes of both Turkish languages are often encountered ellipsis, inversion, style–syntactical norm and other similar structures. In the article, it is included an analysis of these asymmetric syntactic classes on both language materials. Interpretation and systemization of asymmetric syntactic classes in Turkish and Azerbaijani language will facilitate the study of the syntax of both languages, involve research in other disciplines and prevent the analysis of the confusion.

532-537

Authors: Farmanova B.

The importance of studying the history of Uzbekistan is revealed. The current state of civil society is analyzed. It is noted that currently in Uzbekistan a lot of attention is paid to the preservation and study of the rich cultural heritage. Promoting worldwide the contribution of the people to the universal civilization is one of the main tasks in educating young people. In conclusion, it is concluded that no society can see its perspective without the development and strengthening of spiritual potential, spiritual and moral values in the minds of people.

22-26

Authors: Pashayev T., Mammadov I.

The article provides information about the introduction to Nakhchivan AR and first cultivation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). For the first time, scientific research works were carried out to study biological development characteristics and economic indicators of planting saffron in Nakhchivan. Searching for new regions and cultivating large areas for partial repayment of our country’s need for this plant is one of today’s important issues. For this purpose, small quantities of bulbs from Bilgah saffron factory were planted in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and scientific research was started. Experiments have been made to study the effect of the depth of planting, the irradiation and sowing times, the irrigation and water conditions on biological development, flowering and productivity of saffron. Onions of all sizes are planted at depths of 5, 10, 15, 20 cm, keeping 60×10 cm feeding area. All experiments were conducted of the four periods at 15 June, 15 July, 15 August and 1 September with 100 onions in each option. Based on the results of the researches, it is possible to say with confidence that the saffron can be adapted to the sharp continental climate of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and can be planted and grown at different altitudes of the region. Given the high profitability and economic efficiency, we believe that the establishment of saffron plantations in the Autonomous Republic will be very important.

34-39

Authors: Jafarova G.

The paper presents the results of studies on the effects of hypoxia in the antenatal period on a number of blood coagulability indicators in adult rats. It was revealed that the long-term effect of prenatal hypoxia contributes to the acceleration of certain parameters of blood clotting. The established hypercoagulable shift in the system. It was shown that at the same time the blood coagulation time and recalcification accelerated; thromboplastic activity, prothrombin and thrombin time increased, and at the same time plasma high tolerance to heparin was noted. These studies suggest that prenatal hypoxia alters the overall state of blood coagulation, where it forms a qualitatively new stereotype of the relationship between hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis factors.

58-63

Authors: Mokina E., Naumenko E., Kumanyaeva D., Rakhmatullina M., Surgaeva E.

The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. Clinically, the interatrial septum defect belongs to the low manifest defects. The severity of its symptoms depends on the size and location of the defect, as well as, to a greater extent, on the duration of the defect and the development of secondary complications. This situation dictates the need for early diagnosis of this congenital heart disease, dynamic observation, timely treatment, which determines the relevance of this study. In this article, we tried to analyze in detail the characteristics of the course of the antenatal period and the clinical picture of newborns with atrial communication. Summing up our study, it should be noted that the clinical manifestations in interatrial communications in newborns are not specific. In most infants with interatrial communications, systolic noise of varying intensity can be heard, however, this noise is not associated with the presence of interatrial communications, but due to the presence of diagonally located chords in the left ventricle.

69-74

Authors: Shaibekov D., Omurbekov T.

The article presents a retrospective study of 571 case histories of children aged 1 to 16 years hospitalized in Bishkek Clinical Children’s Emergency Hospital with chemical burns of the oral mucosa and oesophagus for the period from 2013 to 2018. Accidental use by children of aggressive chemicals (acid, alkali) leads to damage to the oral mucosa, burns of the oesophagus I–III degree and the formation of oesophagal stenosis.

81-85

Authors: Shaibekov D.

An analysis of 600 cases of chemical burns of the oesophagus in children for the period 2007–2014 is presented. For a detailed analysis, 425 cases of proven chemical oesophagal injury were selected. The clinical and laboratory picture, tactics of treatment and endoscopic examination in children with burns is described.

96-103

Authors: Raupova N., Abdullaev S.

The elemental composition allows to obtain information about the principles of humic acids structure, some of their properties, as well as to identify chemical changes and processes occurring in the process of humification. Studies of the elemental composition of humic acids of the main types and subtypes of soils of the vertical zoning of the Western Tien Shan show that the carbon content in them increases from grey soils to mountain brown soils. the low carbon content in the series is accompanied by a narrow C:N ratio, which indicates a smaller condensation of the aromatic carbon grid and the severity of the side chains. The atomic ratio of C:N in humic acids of soils of the Western Tien Shan is 11–25. The narrowest ratio of C:N is observed in sierozems, and the transition from them to brown this ratio expands.

112-117

Authors: Samedov P.

The article deals with the results of the researches on bioenergetics of the saline grey-brown and sierozem–meadow soils in the Siyazan–Sumgait massive and Salyan steppe. The energetical indications of the invertebrates and microorganisms in saline biotopes and cultivated cenoses are comparative indications of invertebrates and microbiota in biotope with the various degree of salinity quantitatively differ among themselves.

128-134

Authors: Gasimova L.

This article presents the results of studies the soils of urban parks, gardens, roadside zones in the core of the agglomeration of Baku. The urban soils were studied as indicators of the ecological status of the city of Baku. The impact of soil condition on the green areas in seven districts of Baku has been evaluated.

144-149

Authors: Zinkovskaya T., Zinkovsky V., Sorokina V., Shakhparonyan L.

The article shows the importance of high-tech organic fertilizers of the new generation on the example of multi-purpose compost in the maintenance and reproduction of soil fertility. With increasing degradation of the soil cover of arable land, such fertilizers in combination with other means of farming systems with bio meliorative properties (perennial grasses, green manures, phytomeliorants), intensively activating soil microflora, affecting agrochemical and water–physical properties, can quickly restore and optimize the basis of fertility — soil organic matter. Therefore, in modern agriculture in the last 15–20 years, preference is given to the production of non-traditional high-tech biologically active and environmentally friendly organic fertilizers (composts) obtained by the method of bioconversion of organic raw materials. In the model experiment, the effect of multi-purpose compost, introduced at a dose of 15 t/ha, on the basic water–physical properties at different water regimes of dried gleyed loamy sod-podzolic soil was determined. The experience was laid in special vessels equipped with water regulating device. Studies have shown that multi-purpose compost at a dose of 15 t/ha by the fifth year after application, primarily affected the soil density of the arable layer, as well as porosity, moisture capacity, the amount of water readily available to plants, water permeability. So, with bilateral regulation of the water regime, the decrease in density was 5.8%. This, in turn, affected the increase in soil porosity to 4.8–5.2% and an increase in the reserves of productive moisture in the arable horizon. Thus, fertilizers obtained on the basis of the bioconversion of organic raw materials can improve soil indicators and help prevent degradation processes in agriculture.

154-162

Authors: Karchava M., Berulava I., Kintsurashvili N., Ergemlidze T.

The toxicological assessment of meat raw materials on the consumer market in Imereti region was conducted in Georgia. In 45% of the samples, the content of the lead has been estimated at 2.5–3 times more than 0.1 mg/kg. In modern ecological conditions, the natural fibrous polysaccharide composition of antioxidant action has been worked out to increase the toxicological safety of food raw materials in the modern ecological conditions — the ratio of active wheat bran, high molecular pectin and low molecular pectin 15:3:2. The lead sorption ability has been studied by the composition. The technological properties of the supplement are studied. Based on the obtained results, techniques for functional purpose meat products have been developed for children and diabetes patients using these additives.

168-172

Authors: Sulaimonov Sh.

A waste-free technology method based on the use of waste from a biochemical plant in the process of making silk is proposed. The technology is based on research conducted over several years. As a result of the research, it was established that the yield of silk raw material from the modified SAS and the cocoons stored for a long time increased by 2–2.3% relative to the control. In conclusion, it is concluded about the prospects for further study of this process and implementation in production.

187-193

Authors: Agayeva A.

Despite the presence of some information about the study of fascioliasis in the Absheron region (Absheron Peninsula and the Khizi district), where private farms are widely developed, until recent years this problem has remained virtually unexplored. And the studies conducted 40–50 years ago are historically outdated and do not provide a complete picture of the current economic system. Taking all this into account, by applying appropriate methods, the extensiveness and intensity of the spread of fascioliasis (Fasciola hepatica L.) in different villages and settlements of the Absheron region, as well as along various altitude belts, were determined. As a result of the research it was found that the greatest prevalence of the extensiveness of this parasite in various villages and towns fell on the following territories: Gyzyldere village — 33.9%, Altagach village — 30.2%, Tudar village — 29.2%. Also, as a result of the research, it was found that infection is highest in the lowland zone (31.4%). And this is closely related to the environmental impact of biotic and abiotic factors in that zone. The results of the study are reflected in the tables and charts.

207-214

Authors: Presnyakov K., Kerimkulova G., Askalieva G.

A method for identifying operating parameters of open watercourses in the context of a shortage of initial information is proposed, based on the application (in addition to the gravitational theory) of individual provisions of the diffusion theory of suspended water flows and the proposed classification of watercourses, methods for identifying and restoring missing parameters and characteristics, identification algorithms and limitations of the model and method allowing implement the specified method taking into account the expansion of the theoretical and empirical limits of its applicability.

220-224

Authors: Satybaev A., Kochkonbaeva B.

Studies of the morphological analysis of the language give us further processing of the language since morphological analysis is considered the first step towards solving any problem of computer processing of natural language. The article deals with the issues of creating a mathematical model of the Kyrgyz language and algorithms of a morphological analyzer.

241-249

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The method of exponential smoothing is widely used in the forecasting of financial and economic characteristics in different sectors of the economy, departments, etc. In the construction of a forecast model by exponential smoothing time series of characteristics of socio-economic security is smoothed with the support of a weighted moving average, in which the weights obey the exponential law. In this case, the following levels of the series are given significant values in comparison with the past, because they carry more important information to determine the predicted values at the level of socio-economic security characteristics.

262-271

Authors: Nurimbetov R., Zikriyoev A.

A part of the research on the impact and interrelation between human factors and the safety of the working environment in the construction sector is presented. Labor in construction companies is often associated with a high risk of injury and, therefore, occupational safety is an important element of production efficiency in this area. The injured workers lost working days and financial costs affect the social and economic efficiency of the construction industry. Statistics indicate that occupational health and safety for modern research are current issues. Economic reforms in Uzbekistan envisage the creation of favourable and safe working conditions. From this point of view, ILO standards (Health & Safety) are really relevant for research and implementation in the construction industry of Uzbekistan. The purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation of best practices in the construction industry of Uzbekistan.

292-298

Authors: Abipova G.

The article provides the value and content of the information management system in the business cost management system. At the same time, the opinions of scientists on the management of information supply are analyzed and the author’s conclusions are drawn.

305-313

Authors: Bekimbetova G.

The methods used in the selection and analysis of an effective investment project are considered. The basis of calculations: payback period, discounted payback period, accelerated depreciation. A brief analysis of the use of evaluating the effectiveness of projects in different European countries. In developed countries, accelerated depreciation is a powerful incentive for introducing innovative equipment and technologies into the economy. A general methodological requirement for the design of a depreciation policy is to maximize the use of opportunities to reduce taxable profits through depreciation. In conclusion, it is concluded that when calculating the payback period of a project, it is necessary to use the net cash receipts rate and use accelerated depreciation on equipment and technologies acquired on the basis of investment projects.

320-326

Authors: Moskaleva A.

The paper covers operations features of Huntington Ingalls Industries, one of the leading contractors of the US Department of Defense (DoD), in terms of financial performance and business outlook. In general, taking into account the increase in the DoD budget and the increase in appropriations for the procurement of military equipment and weapon systems, as well as R&D, we can say that this had a positive impact on companies of the US military–industrial complex as a whole (both larger and smaller) and led to improved financial performance and level of investment attractiveness. At the same time, it is quite obvious that the high growth rates of the DoD budget cannot be maintained for a while, which in the long run presents significant risks for the companies, as it can lead to a decrease in funding and the volumes of government contracts. Since there are a significant number of studies and publications for large companies in the sector, the author puts emphasis on smaller companies, the number of papers on which is small, but analysis on which is important because of their role and functions in the US military–industrial complex. These include Huntington Ingalls Industries, which specializes in the implementation of the US Navy’s shipbuilding program. The analysis showed that the dynamics of its financial and economic operations, in general, can be characterized positively, despite the observed moderate decrease in values of some financial ratios. The outlook for its business, in the long run, can be assessed as sustainable, but for the period after 2025, attention should be paid to a number of risks that are primarily associated with a reduction of the US Navy shipbuilding program.

334-338

Authors: Batkovskiy, M., Kravchuk, P., & Styazhkin, A.

The development of innovation–active enterprises, as well as increased competition in the production of military and special-purpose products (for whose export Russia ranks second in the world), necessitate the use of various methods to increase the efficiency of innovative production management, including special–purpose ones. One of them is to increase the efficiency of using the production and technological potential of a special production. The solution to this task is an important factor in improving the competitiveness of innovation–active enterprises while achieving maximum resource saving and minimizing costs. Therefore, the study of procedures for assessing this potential is an important scientific and practical problem.

345-349

Authors: Borovikova O.

This research paper aims to assess whether the BRICS Plus initiative ensures integration in the developing world by promoting cooperation between the regional institutions at which the BRICS countries play a leading role. There are five major areas of the partnership under the BRICS Plus model. Although BRICS plus initiative promotes integration to some extent, there are risks to miss out on cooperation with other developing countries that are not members of the regional organizations mentioned in the paper. Hence, a decentralized model of economic integration would allow many other developing countries to be involved in cooperation with the BRICS and become a part of the large-scale economic partnership.

357-364

Authors: Nikolskaya E., Dekhtyar G.

With positive trends in the hotel industry in Russia, a number of problems remain that require prompt and high-quality solutions. The current level and prospects of development of the world and Russian hotel market are considered, graphical materials and practical examples from world and European hotel business practices are presented, recommendations are given to solve problems that impede the development of tourism and hotel business in the Russian Federation. It is proposed to create a single portal for foreign tourists and create a register of Russian and foreign tour operators who can offer tours in Russia, their accreditation.

371-377

Authors: Zhalolov I.

The concepts of the economic potential of the enterprise are presented, the main factors and scientific proposals for determining the statistical indicators of the economic potential of enterprises are studied. A statistical analysis of the company’s profit over several years allows us to determine how high the entrepreneurial ability is. Assessment of the economic potential of enterprises in a competitive environment makes it possible to maintain economic stability in the future. Each company must determine its economic potential and adapt to market demand and supply, as well as changes caused by competition. To do this, the company must evaluate its strength in the current and future periods. The main four factors were determined: analysis of material resources, intangible assets, labor resources and indicators of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship.

383-386

Authors: Kurbanova N.

The problems and specificity of the use of psychological methods in management activities are considered. Analyzed the possibility of applying the psychological competencies of managers to stimulate labour and manage employee motivation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the personality of the leader and his role in reducing conflicts in the workplace. In conclusion, the conclusion is made about the need to improve the level of psychological education of managers.

391-395

Authors: Zernaeva A., Pomazanov V.

Typical investigative situations of the initial stage of investigation of the theft of property of passengers, carried out in passenger mobile trains on railway transport are considered. Tactical tasks are determined at the initial stage of investigation of this crime due to the content of the investigation situation, as well as the peculiarities of interaction between the investigator and inquiry bodies operational and investigative activities.

400-404

Authors: Voloshin S.

Despite rather big globalization penetrating itself a huge layer of the public relations, the world remains a wide variety of cultural and national peculiarities, moral and ethical values inherent in any society. However, the unification process not always positively affects the public order and the valuable sphere which developed in the concrete country. Strengthening of the economic relations between the states directly influences also the legal sphere where foreign norms stick into the domestic legislation and respectively involuntarily impose behaviour model which contradicts law and order of this country by means of the norms. Any sovereign state will not allow the existence of the destroying norms of the foreign state within the boundaries of their jurisdiction because they have unique legislation. The Institute of the public order must serve as a mainstay from foreign norms, capable to harm to public order in the country. The article discussed the nature, value and role of the public policy clause. Identified the lack of a unified concept of the ‘public order’ considered its components sigh. Came to the conclusion that the value of the reservation of the public orders as a fundamental principle is one of the manifestations of state sovereignty.

411-416

Authors: Ashurova D.

The problems of development of agriculture, ensuring food security in Russia are currently relevant and require regular consideration from the standpoint of the use of foreign experience of legal regulation of agricultural relations and the use of proven techniques in practice. The article deals with the peculiarities of legal regulation of foreign economic treaties in the agro-industrial complex in the Russian Federation and the world community. The foreign experience of legal regulation of agrarian relations is studied. Legal positions of scientists on the concept of foreign economic contract and its features, as well as judicial and law enforcement practice on the topic of research, are analyzed.

421-425

Authors: Katasheva A.

This article deals with topical issues of employee liability for damage caused, the amount of damage compensation. Based on the analysis of scientific opinions of Russian scientists, the problems of establishing worker’s liability for damages in labour legislation are investigated; there is no common understanding of the institution of material liability, which causes difficulty in identifying the fact of liability in current practice.

431-438

Authors: Ivanov D., Garber A., Berdibayeva S., Kukubayeva A., Berdibayev S., Bapayeva M.

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern educational environment as a potential resource to increase the effectiveness of biofeedback in order to prevent drug abuse among students. The substantiated educational environment is an approach to understand such biofeedback effectiveness. Biofeedback efficiency depends on the rate of return and the quality of information about the biological system. The advantages of biofeedback in comparison with other methods of self-regulation are discussed. The phases of the biofeedback process are described as interconnected components of a single process that has become possible due to the hardware and software of the educational environment. The features of different biofeedback instruments and psychophysiological specific training conditions are considered. The research allows determining the effectiveness of work by biofeedback among teenagers. The results of forming experiment have statistically revealed a significant increase in the level of adolescent’s self-control in the experimental group after the classes using biofeedback. Change of the attitude to drugs occurred only in the experimental group of adolescents who participated in the forming experiment. The study received practical confirmation of the idea that the state of psychophysiological mechanisms with individual involvement in substance use can be objectively evaluated and managed by psychophysiological training aimed at improvement of self-regulation effectiveness.

452-458

Authors: Smirnova N., Golikova T.,

The article deals with the problems associated with the effectiveness of school natural science education, the achievement of student’s planned results, while there is some decrease in the results in the mastery of biological knowledge and skills by students. The authors propose a model of creating a natural science education centre as a condition of optimization of the educational process and the possibility of achieving new high-quality subject results of graduates.

465-471

Authors: Sultanova D., Maksudova D.

The article deals with information and communication technologies as methods of increasing study activity of students in the process of learning the English language. Implementation of information and communication technologies in the study process leads to the improvement of academic effectiveness, the increase of student’s interest in self-knowledge, their motivation and comfort in the study process. It also helps to build-up students self-work.

482-491

Authors: Dorzheeva V.

The article examines the history of the administrative-territorial division of the Russian Northeast in the first half of the twentieth century. The importance of this research stems from the need to analyze the historical experience information of administrative divisions against the background of developing modern federated relations. Chronology wise, the article deals with the period from the year 1917 until the establishment of the present-day boundaries of Magadan Oblast. The article analyses specific aspects of administration in the constituent territories of Magadan Oblast, based on their remoteness from the central authorities, and their economic value. Development of territorial public authorities in the Northeast during the said period was politically motivated. The Civil War saw territories being transferred to the jurisdiction of opposing forces, which affected the administrative division and the system of government authorities. The Institute of the administrative-territorial structure was aimed at the implementation of state functions in connection with certain goals and objectives of a specific historical period of development. The implementation of national policies mediated the creation of national districts. The need of the state for mineral raw materials during the period of industrialization and during the Great Patriotic War led to the creation of special extraterritorial education — Dalstroi. A special period in the history of the region was the Dalstroy era — so-called “Special Combine”, during which a two-level authority system was developed. The administrative-territorial structure was defined by functions of the state, and goals and objectives of the specific historical period. The territorial model of public authority in the Northeastern region fit within the historical context of the country’s contemporary situation.

498-504

Authors: Galieva M.

The article provides an etymological classification of religiously marked proverbs in the English and Russian languages. Under religiously marked proverbs, the proverbs etymologically originated from the Bible and proverbs, containing a religiously marked component (God, devil, sin) are understood. The results of analysis allowed us to work out the etymological classification of religiously marked proverbs that can be divided into 4 etymological groups: 1) citations from Bible; 2) transformed biblical proverbs; 3) postbiblical proverbs; 4) religiously marked proverbs, reflecting religious views and evaluations of a particular nation. Religiously marked proverbs are characterized by a high tendency to folklorization and lexical, grammatical and structural transformations that conditions the difficulties in identification of their etymology.

512-518

Authors: Ismailova, M.

The article includes vowel harmony, which is considered one of the most characteristic features of the Turkic languages. Vowel harmony has a very ancient history in Turkic. This law was formed during the period of the proto-Turkic. In the ancient Turkic written monuments, vowel harmony was an “iron law”. This law has played a key role in the writing of ancient written monuments. However, although vowel harmony came from Orkhon, this ancient phonetic law should always be considered a continuation of the old norm. Although the word “vowel harmony” as a phonetic law in Turkic includes harmony of consonants, a harmony of vowels with consonants, on the basis of this law stands harmony of a vowel. However, as a result of the internal and external processes occurring in the Turkic languages in the course of historical development, the harmonics had different features. One of the reasons for this is the lack of proper knowledge of the dialect and emphasis based on the literary language. Therefore, Turkic dialects should be studied as the main source. The article does not consider satisfactory the study of Turkic dialects based on the facts of a particular language. This is more clearly seen when studying the law of harmony. The study of the law of harmony on the basis of various Turkic dialects allows for an accurate scientific interpretation of this issue.

14-18

Authors: Abbasova S.

The process of fertilization and fetal development is an important biological phenomenon that determines the efficiency of fruit cultivation. Currently, studies on the morphology of pollen from various crops and determining the viability of closely related species have become increasingly relevant. The paper presents data on the study of pollen from species of the Genus Pyrus L. The author analyzed the morphological structure and viability of pollen from the following species: Pyrus communis L., Pyrus caucasica Fed., Pyrus ×georgica Kuth., Pyrus vsevolodii Heideman, Pyrus salicifolia Pall. The work was carried out ex-situ. As a result of the work done, there were no significant differences between the morphological structure and the degree of pollen fertility. This is probably due to their identical biological characteristics.

26-32

Authors: Niyazaliyeva A., Karaeva R., Suyunbek kyzy A.

The article discusses the adaptive characteristics of students by the parameters of a general blood test, to the conditions of the study of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the article is to study the adaptation of the organism to new conditions. One of the most sensitive indicators of many processes occurring in the body is the blood system, which is of the greatest interest since it responsibly to a certain extent reveals the unfolding of a number of phenomena occurring in the body. The key point is the study of the status of adaptation is the indicators of leukocyte formula. On the basis of the above, the processes of adaptation to new sharply continental climate-geographical, environmental factors, including the mechanisms of adaptation of adolescent students of the initial course to new exercise stress, mental and emotional effort, are studied.

53-58

Authors: Abdykerimov S., Kochkunov D.

The paper studies the state of somatic status in 57 patients with General and internal congenital hydrocephalus in children from 3 months to 3 years. In addition to computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalogram, ultrasound investigation in different groups of patients studied, the intensity of psychosomatic condition, in particular depending on the stage, severity and form of dysgenesis (mono– and poly dysgenesis). The main neurological syndromes of the disease with disorders of nervous innervation, cardiovascular system, mental development. Depending on the severity of the pathology, the effectiveness of the developed treatment approaches has been established. The possibility of recovering psychosomatic status from the progredience of the course of the disease has been clarified.. The study of the immediate and in some patients with catamnesis showed that as a result of treatment, mental development was most fulfilled in patients with moderately active congenital hydrocephalus, among whom the proportion of patients with a normal level of intellectual development was about two thirds (p<0.01) due to a significant reduction in the number of children with mental retardation (p<0.01). Among patients with severe active congenital hydrocephalus, there was a significant decrease in the number of patients with mental retardation (p<0.01) and an increase in the number of children with intellectual disabilities (p<0.01), due to the maturation of patients and the expansion in the process of complex treatment and dynamic observation of opportunities to clarify the degree of mental insufficiency, rather than progredience of the disease.

67-72

Authors: Motusheva R., Kudayarov D.

The paper presents data on the occurrence of hemophilia in Kyrgyzstan. 130 children were diagnosed with hemophilia. All patients were divided into two groups: hemophilia A (110 — 84.6%) and hemophilia B (20 — 15.4%). Age of children — from 7 months of age to 17 years. In the analysis, it was found that each comorbid disease in a patient with hemophilia can cause a worsening of the underlying disease. Children need not only pathogenetic therapy but also the treatment of comorbidities. Our study also confirms the fact that comorbidity in patients with hemophilia is one of the unfavorable risk factors during, complication and severity of the disease, up to death. Also, the combination of two or more diseases plays a significant role in the frequency, duration and severity of bleeding in a patient, despite ongoing pathogenetic therapy.

79-86

Authors: Ongoeva B.

The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the National Center for the Protection of Motherhood and Childhood. A study of laboratory studies of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents revealed significant changes in the main group, compared with the control group. All indicators of lipid, carbohydrate, electrolyte metabolism, as well as liver and kidney function, were higher in children with metabolic syndrome.

92-97

Authors: Saatova G., Ganieva A.

The medical and economic efficiency of various treatment programs for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is analyzed. The use of tocilizumab is 1.9 times more effective than in the group with traditional treatment. Evaluation of the quality of life of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis on the SF-36 scale can be used to assess the effectiveness of treatment by parameters reflecting the physical, psycho-emotional state and social adaptation of the child. The authors note the smallest amount of costs per unit of quality of life of the patient in the tocilizumab treatment program.

103-108

Authors: Abdykerimov S., Kochkunov D.

The paper analyzes the results of ventriculoperitoneal shunting operations in the treatment of congenital hydrocephalus in 55 patients aged 3 months up to 3 years. There were 37 boys and 18 girls who underwent various types of shunting operations after the failure of conservative treatment. Retrospectively, by the nature of the performed surgical interventions, the patients were divided into two groups: the first group included 25 children with congenital forms of cerebral dropsy, where ventriculoperitoneal shunting is performed with fixation of the distal shunt by separate sutures into the abdominal cavity; the second group included 30 children of similar ages, who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting without fixation by creating a tunnel and two, three holes fixing it. By studying the nature and causes of occlusive syndromes, the authors modified the method of shunting operations, which proved its rationality and effectiveness. In the scientific–grounded causes of occlusion of shunt catheters and methods for their correction. Dynamics with the use of neurosonography and MRI are recommended for detection and early treatment of disturbed shunt conditions. The most dangerous complication hyperdrainage detected during the operation was the formation of hydromas. To prevent the development of this pathology, it is enough to put the patient on the bed with the lowered head end. For the detection and subsequent treatment of conditions associated with dysfunction of the shunt required regular re not, with the spuriousness of this method is the computerized tomography scan or MRI. It is very important to have a conversation with the parents of the child who underwent shunting operations about the properties of the drainage system, the nature of possible complications and tactics of behaviour that allows you to timely provide the necessary assistance to patients.

117-126

Authors: Fohakov A., Kobuliev Z., Rajabov R., Khujaev P.

The article discusses the environmental problems of the interaction of transport and technological systems with the environment in Tajikistan mountainous regions. The influence of factors on the functioning of the system of rendering transport services by passenger motor transport is revealed. Including the dependence of the solution of these basic tasks on the level of the transport security system and the validity of the transportation process, transport infrastructures, rational use of the transport potential of enterprises, as well as environmental problems in the mountainous region.

135-141

Authors: Osmanova S.

Research is conducted at the Terter Regional Experimental Station of the Research Institute for Agriculture. In order to improve the fertility of gray-brown soils and obtain high-quality crop yields, we studied the agrochemical and physical–chemical properties of the experimental plot. Thus, the analysis of gray–brown soils showed that, according to the gradation adopted in Azerbaijan, these soils are poorly supplied with nutrients, in an easily digestible form of plants. Therefore, it is necessary to make in these soils together organic and mineral fertilizers.

152-158

Authors: Omarov F., Aytemirov A., Magomedova M., Gamidova N., Magomedov U.

On meadow–chestnut soils of Dagestan, in irrigated conditions, in a multifactorial experience, the dependence of the quality characteristics of soybean seeds on sowing methods, seeding rates and the systematic use of herbicides has been studied. It was established that physical qualities of seeds were better on variants with the use of herbicides treflan and permethrin, in pure form and in a mixture. A decrease in the physical qualities of soybean seeds is observed during the transition to more thickened, narrow–row seeding. Systemic use of herbicides: bazagran on the background treflan + prometrin increases germination energy, laboratory and field. On the same background of herbicides in thickened crops, these figures are significantly reduced. The herbicides tested did not affect the damage to seeds by pests and diseases and did not have a significant negative effect on the accumulation of protein in soybean seeds.

162-168

Authors: Makhamedov M.

The article presents data on the distribution in the territory of Uzbekistan and the morpho-biological description of American thrips (Echinothrips americanus Morgan). In Uzbekistan, this pest was discovered in 2014 in greenhouses of the Tashkent region. Trips belong to wide polyphages and therefore are very dangerous. In 2018, the greenhouses of Shomurod Ugli, Kibray district, Tashkent region, tested several drugs. The results of studies showed their high efficiency - on the 14th day after treatment, the death of thrips was observed (88-92%). In the future, complex measures will be developed that will include not only a chemical control method, but also a biological one.

176-180

Authors: Ulybina E., Tsvetkova A., Lukina D.

Laryngeal hemiplegia today is one of the most common pathologies of the upper respiratory tract of large breed sports horses and can greatly affect the performance of an animal and its athletic career. This article reviews the latest research data on the nature of this disease, aetiology, pathogenesis and classification, the genetic susceptibility of large horses to this pathology, the method of minimally invasive diagnosis, and the method of treatment of this disease, which is currently the most effective.

197-202

Authors: Chen L., Wang L., Yankin V., Neyasov A.

Due to the signing of the Montreal Convention, people have been looking for alternatives to the halon fire extinguishing system. The water mist is widely concerned because of its unique advantages. Many scholars have conducted extensive research on water mist fire extinguishing technology. This paper makes a review of the development and research results of the water mist.

215-221

Authors: Masharipova M.

This article presents current issues of gradual, systematic and continuous improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms of development of small business and private entrepreneurship in service sphere of Uzbekistan as well as ensuring a unified integrated approach to solve problems in support of this sphere. It is assumed that the implementation of the above reforms will lead to further improvement of the organizational and economic mechanisms for the development of small business and private entrepreneurship not only in the field of service but also in economic sectors. In addition, the article contains the following legislative acts, their content and essence, and scientific recommendations.

228-234

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The principle of effectiveness is considered important because it determines the importance of the system and the mechanism of ensuring socio-economic security for society. It implies that the objectives of the mechanism (achievement and maintenance of its non-dangerous state and development) are realized with the lowest costs of the company to maintain its functioning on the basis of the necessary complexity of the structure. This means that the system and included in its membership a way to ensure socio-economic security are required to work efficiently from the point of view of the rationality of expenses of the company and the significance of the obtained results. The rationality of costs is guided by how they relate to the likely outcomes of ensuring socio-economic security. In combination, they reflect the effectiveness of ensuring social and economic security. But the performance assessment in the presented case is related to the problem of cost and probable outcomes. The problem is that the costs of society have all the chances to be quantified or identified by means of functional dependence, but the bulk of the likely effects (results) obtained as a result of the functioning of the mechanism of ensuring socio-economic security, have a qualitative description. For example, the amount of damage prevented by the system of ensuring social and economic security is quantitatively determined. But outcomes such as “maintaining a competitive advantage” or “maintaining the standard of living” are urged to describe qualitative characteristics that are not easily compared to quantifiable costs.

245-248

Authors: Satyvaldyeva D.

This article addresses the issues of proper formation of production costs, by improving the regulatory framework of accounting. And also analyzed some sections, paragraphs and clauses of the Regulation on the composition of costs, where, according to the author, there are flaws and uncertainties. Based on the results of scientific research, opinions, arguments and suggestions for improving the regulatory and legislative documents on the accounting of costs for the organization and management of production are set forth.

257-262

Authors: Aydarbekova G., Abdyraliev B.

The article discusses the features of the evolution of political and legal values of a traditional society in the conditions of nomadic statehood on the example of a cultural and legal monument — the Epic of Manas. The topic of Eurasian nomadic civilization, the legal life of Kirghiz, signs of statehood, culture and customs of the people are actively considered by scientists in connection with the growth of the nation’s identity and identity since along with Kirghiz and Kazakhs other modern massifs historically coexisted in the Eurasian nomadic civilization. The subject of the research is political and legal values in a nomadic society on the example of a cultural and legal monument — the Epic of Manas. The object of the research is the formation of individual political and legal values of a traditional society in the context of nomadic statehood and the characteristics of the evolution of the national legal culture. In the study of the problems were used: universal and private scientific methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, historical and legal and comparative. The results of the study allow to conclude about the need for further study, preservation and popularization of historical and cultural monuments, allowing people to identify themselves in the world community, in this case, the Epic of Manas, which concentrates a complex of social, cultural, political, legal and other information about life and Kirghiz life.

268-273

Authors: Makhmutova M., Cherenkov A.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the situation of sexual minorities and their legal rights in Europe, the USA and Russia, as well as their differences, and the attitude of society to people of non-traditional orientation. In addition, the article considered the main problem of modern society is the inability of people to perceive non-traditional relations in military service, in employment at work and much more. Even many liberal countries still do not fully approve of this kind of relationship. Many same-sex couples are prohibited from adopting children, and there are real problems in the field of inheritance law. The article addressed the problem of discrimination of these relations in Russia. This article also examined court practice regarding the underreporting of the rights of sexual minorities.

278-282

Authors: Sotnikov B. Sologubova T., Kondrateva E.

The dependence between progress in studies of students and their psychodynamic properties (properties of the temperament) was investigated in this exploration. It was found that academic success depends on the speed of psychical reactions. Our investigations indicated that the higher rate, the higher academic success. This dependence extends to female persons. We provided methodological recommendations for improving academic success in this work.

290-296

Authors: Goldman S., Kakadiy I.

This article describes the function of the nervous system of the child on the digestibility of new knowledge in school. Describes the correctness of the construction of the educational process for the best mental workability. We study the mental hygiene of labour, the protection and strengthening of the mental health of schoolchildren.

304-310

Authors: Sokolova O.

The article examines combinations of animate substantives with possessive and demonstrative pronominal adjectives. Most of the focus is on anthroponyms which are completely concrete within a context. Accompanying attributives are seldom used in their primary meanings but usually develop their secondary meanings becoming stylistically marked. The article illustrates how the choice of pronominal adjectives defining an anthroponym discovers the speaker’s intention.

20-25

Authors: Shimanskaya E., Grebennikova O., Sulman A.

Synthesized 5% Pd/Al2O3 and 5% Pd/ATP were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a solvent of a hydrogen donor, propanol-2, to obtain liquid fuel components. It has been established that the use of Pd-containing alumina-based catalysts makes it possible to obtain phenolic compounds, while in the presence of catalysts based on a polymer matrix from hyperastained polystyrene, the main products are cycloalkanes. In addition, the study of the hydrogenolysis process showed that when using propanol-2 as a solvent, the formation of aromatic compounds is mainly observed, while in the aqueous medium a high yield of phenols is achieved.

37-46

Authors: Chalov K., Lugovoy Yu., Kosivtsov Yu., Sulman E.

This paper presents a study of the process of thermal degradation of crosslinked polyethene. The kinetics of polymer decomposition was studied by thermogravimetry. Crosslinked polyethene showed high heat resistance to temperatures of 400 °C. The temperature range of 430–500 °C was determined for the loss of the bulk of the sample. According to thermogravimetric data, the decomposition process proceeds in a single stage and includes a large number of fracture, cyclization, dehydrogenation, and other reactions. The process of pyrolysis of a crosslinked polymer in a stationary-bed metal reactor was investigated. The influence of the process temperature on the yield of solid, liquid, and gaseous pyrolysis products was investigated. The optimum process temperature was 500 °C. At this temperature, the yield of liquid and gaseous products was 85.0 and 12.5% (mass.), Respectively. Samples of crosslinked polyester decomposed almost completely. The amount of carbon-containing residue was 3.5% by weight of the feedstock. With increasing temperature, the yield of liquid products decreased slightly, and the yield of gaseous products increased, but their total yield did not increase. For gaseous products, a qualitative and quantitative composition was determined. The main components of the pyrolysis gas were hydrocarbons C1–C4. The calorific value of pyrolysis gas obtained at a temperature of 500 °C was 17 MJ/m3. Thus, the pyrolysis process can be used to process crosslinked polyethene wastes to produce liquid hydrocarbons and combustible gases.

54-60

Authors: Lakina N., Doluda V., Rabinovich G., Lisa V., Pazderina D.

The work is devoted to the study of methods of immobilization of peroxidase (KF 1.11.1.7) in the polymer matrix of ethylcellulose and polyacrylamide, as well as in the gel structure of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Modifying agents were used to efficiently incorporate the enzyme into the polymer grid. such as chitosan, glutaric dialdehyde. 2,2-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthyosoline-6-sulfonic acids) diammonium salt (ABTS) was used as a substrate in the study of the activity of the immobilized enzyme obtained. Experimental data showed a high activity of the enzyme included in the matrix of polyvinylpyrrolidone: the degree of binding was 85%, the activity expressed by the Michaelis constant Km=14×10−3 mmol/L. The results obtained allow us to recommend the use of enzymes immobilized in polymer matrices of polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, polyacrylamide to create highly sensitive electrodes.

69-78

Authors: Ilinykh G.

The article deals with important issues of the utilization of polymer composite materials based on carbon fibre (CFRP). Properties of carbon fibre plastics limit possibilities of their utilization with the reception of useful secondary products. As an alternative to CFRP disposal three main methods of their recycling is currently known: thermal treatment, based on the thermal decomposition of the polymer matrix, thermochemical treatment, involving simultaneous exposure to temperatures and chemicals, as well as mechanical processing, consisting in crushing and grinding. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, its limitations and recommendations, the analysis of which is presented in the article.

89-97

Authors: Sboeva Ya., Boronnikova S.

A study of the genetic structure and differentiation of eight populations of Pinus sylvestris L. on the Russian Plain showed that the populations of PsI and PII (D=0.066) are located at the smallest genetic distance, and between the populations of PsI and PsIV (D=0.308) at the greatest genetic distance. On the dendrogram, the studied populations formed four clusters: PsI and PsII; PsIII and PsIV; PsV and PsVI; PsVII and PsVIII. Analysis of the genetic structure of eight populations of P. sylvestris showed that the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes (HT) for the total sample was 0.320, the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes in a single population for all loci (HS) was 0.170, therefore, the population subdivision (GST) was high and amounted to 0.468. The studied populations are highly differentiated since the interpopulation component accounts for 46.8% of the genetic diversity. In all studied populations, the indicator h has values less than 0.3. An analysis of the fraction of rare alleles showed that the genetic structure is less balanced in the populations PsIII (h=0.254) and PsIV (h=0.273). The most balanced genetic structure in the populations of PsVII (h=0.112) and PsVIII (h=0.127). Data on the genetic structure and differentiation of the common pine populations should be taken into account when developing recommendations for preserving their gene pools.

111-117

Authors: Abbasova S.

The article investigated the peculiarities of growth and development of Pyrus L. species in the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus (Azerbaijan). The study found that there were no significant differences in cultural conditions compared to the natural conditions of the species involved in the study material. The study of the bioecological features of tree plants in Azerbaijan, both natural and cultural, is of great scientific and practical importance.

129-155

Authors: Pyatin V., Romanchuk N., Romanchuk P., Volobuev A.

Biological electrical magnetism of light and neural networks of the brain is the adaptation and optimization of external and internal lighting conditions (type, nature, duration) to improve the cognitive brain. Homo sapiens brain operates in a 24-hour biological electrical magnetic environment. Light is the strongest synchronizing signal for the circadian system, and therefore keeps most biological and psychological rhythms internally synchronized, which is important for the optimal functioning of H. sapiens brain. Circadian Sleep–Wake disorders and chronic circadian misalignment, often seen in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, may be effective in neurorehabilitation of cognitive impairment. Beneficial effects on circadian synchronization, sleep quality, mood and cognitive performance-depend on the time, intensity and spectral composition of light exposure. Multidisciplinary and multimodal interaction in the triad ‘brain–eyes–vessels’ allows to identify early biomarkers of both General accelerated and pathological aging, and timely diagnose neurodegeneration, and conduct effective neurorehabilitation of cognitive disorders. Control and treatment of vascular risk factors and endocrine disorders can reduce the prevalence of long-term disability among the elderly population. Combined and hybrid methods of neuroimaging in conjunction with artificial intelligence technologies, allow to understand and diagnose neurological disorders and find new methods of neurorehabilitation and medical and social support that will lead to improved mental health. To restore circadian neuroplasticity of the brain, a multimodal scheme is proposed: circadian glasses, functional nutrition and physical activity. A combined and hybrid cluster in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and rehabilitation of cognitive disorders and cognitive disorders has been developed and implemented.

163-170

Authors: Ibraimova A., Nasirova N., Bolbachan K.

Currently, malignant neoplasms are one of the leading causes of mortality not only in the world but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. By 2030, the number of new cancer cases is projected to increase to 26.4 million per year and the number of deaths to 17 million. In assessing cancer incidence and mortality from 25 major cancers in 40 countries in Europe, breast cancer was one of the most common causes of cancer death. Statistical data from the Electronic Health Centre and the National Oncology and Hematology Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic were analyzed. In the Kyrgyz Republic, there is a positive trend among women in the increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in 0.03% in 2016 to 1.7% in 2015 and 2018. By the regions of the Republic, a high level of morbidity was revealed with an increase in the indicator in Batken, Issyk–Kul, Osh region and Osh city. The prevalence of malignant new growths of a mammary gland among women of the Kyrgyz Republic tended growth in the studied years for 1.5, 2.1, 1.7 and 1.9% respectively. Across the regions of the republic in all years the growth of the indicator was observed in Jalal–Abad, Issyk–Kul, Osh regions and Osh. There was also an increase in the Batken and Naryn regions, except in 2015. In 2018, compared to 2014, there was a decrease in female mortality from malignant neoplasms by 61.8% in terms of visibility. In terms of mortality from malignant breast neoplasms, there is a reverse trend among women of the Republic. Thus, the indicator increased by 107.6%. The main reasons for the high one-year fatality are the late appeal of patients to specialists, the lack of qualified personnel at the primary level of medical services, the absence of observation rooms in family medicine centres, the reduction of oncological caution of doctors and the population of the Republic. Screening of the female population and treatment of pre-tumour breast diseases should be carried out.

177-181

Authors: Vlasevskaya E., Mukhametshin I.

The results of studies on the influence of the nutrient medium and photoperiod on tuberization of micro-plants of promising potato cultivars in an in vitro culture under are presented the conditions of a potato renewal laboratory at the Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture of the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2018. Two experiments were carried out to identify patterns of the influence of potato cultivation conditions in vitro on the efficiency of its propagation and to develop an improved method for propagating potato micro-tubers in vitro. The experiments were carried out in accordance with the recommendation “New technologies for the production of healthy source material in elite potato seed production”, “Technologies for microclonal propagation of plants”. Object of research: micro-plants of potato varieties Alena, Charodei, Nayada. The studied variants of sugar concentration are 0%, 2% (control), 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. The studied photoperiod options are 16 hours (control), 14 hours, 12 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours, 4 hours. Based on the results of studies in 2018, experimental data were obtained. It was revealed that the lack of sugar in the nutrient medium negatively affects the growth and development of potato micro-plants. An increase in sugar concentration to 6–10%, in comparison with the control (2%), significantly increases the tuber-forming ability of micro-plants by an average of 6.1–7.2% and increases the number of tubers from one micro-plant. The highest yield of micro-tubers from one micro-plant on average for varieties was obtained with a 14-hour photoperiod and amounted to 1.3 pcs. With a 12-hour photoperiod, micro-tubers begin to form 7–14 days earlier than in the other variants of the experiment.

191-196

Authors: Allahverdiev E.

The analysis of the condition of the areas of post-grain residues. The results of the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers under various irrigation regimes are analyzed. Various fertilizer and watering options were investigated. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the soil was determined. The research results showed that with 3 irrigations during the growing season and fertilizer rates N120P150K150, the largest accumulation of grain residues occurs. Plant residues contribute to an increase in the content of organo-biological substances, as well as improving the water–physical properties of soils and increase their fertility.

207-213

Authors: Pegova N.

The yield data of spring wheat cultivated in a crop rotation after winter rye with straw entering is presented. The work is part of the research of stationary field experiment on the study of primary tillage systems (factor A): dump (control), and non-moldboard. The experimental design (factor B) represents different types of fallows (2014) in combination with the introduction of winter rye straw in 2015 and 2018: 1 — pure fallow (control); 2 — pure fallow + straw; 3 — pure fallow + cattle manure 60 t/ha; 4 — pure fallow + manure + straw; 5 — green-manured fallow (white mustard) + straw; 6 — green-manured fallow (clover 1 year of use) + straw. Types of fallow with straw are split (factor C) by the addition of nitrogen. The straw introduction in the rotation with clean fallow reduced the wheat yield, regardless of the tillage system and the nitrogen introduction at the beginning of rotation by 4.8%, at the end — 15.6%. The use of green-manured mustard and clover fallows, the manure introduction into fallow reduced the depressive effect of straw on wheat productivity by 4.8–13.3% in comparison with the control, and by 10.2–19.1% in the combination of straw with pure fallow. When straw was re-applied, the wheat yield on green-manured fallow was at the control level — pure fallow and was 17.2–15.9% higher than the variant of combining straw with pure fallow. The introduction of straw in combination with manured fallow contributed to the formation of the highest grain yield of spring wheat. Non-moldboard tillage with surface incorporation of straw contributed to a decrease in wheat productivity by 0.41–0.31 t/ha in comparison with the lowdown of straw. The introduction of nitrogen against this background ensured the formation of spring wheat productivity at the level of dump tillage: 2.78 and 2.88 t/ha. The elimination of nitrogen during non-moldboard tillage significantly reduced the wheat yield.

219-222

Authors: Khalilov S.

The results of the effect of fertilizers on the root mass, chemical composition and amount of alfalfa nutrients Medicago, (Fabaceae). Along with this, when the root mass is decomposed, the soil is enriched with mobile phosphorus compounds. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers in the ratio of N60P90K60 significantly increases the root mass. An increase in root mass, along with an increase in organic matter, has a positive effect on the number of nutrients in the soil, improves water–physical properties and increases soil fertility. 125.7–235.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, 26.1-58.7 kg/ha of phosphorus and 81.1–163.3 kg/ha of potassium enter the soil.

230-235

Authors: Epifantsev V., Osipov Ya., Vaitekhovich Yu.

The article considers the compliance of the applied minimum technologies of soybean cultivation with the rules of organic crop production. The table of indicators of points of rules of GOST R 56508-2015 of conducting organic plant growing and compliance to them of technologies has resulted. A table showing the advantages and disadvantages of modern minimal technologies is given. It is established that the minimum technologies of soybean cultivation partially or completely do not comply with the rules of organic crop production in Russia, especially in terms of chemical load. When conducting organic crop production in the Amur region, they must be brought into compliance with the rules.

242-245

Authors: Osekova G., Tashpolotov Y., Ysmanov E.

Methods for producing carboxylic acids from Uzgen coal resin are presented. Uzgen coal resin has high water content. The resin also contains mechanical impurities, for the separation of which sulfur ether was used. The proposed method allows you to effectively isolate carboxylic acids.

257-264

Authors: Zelenova Yu., Belgorodskii V., Korobtseva N.

The research has been based on the theme of the proportioning of lace elements and costumes from lace cloths. In constructing the composition of the lace fabric, is necessary to apply natural scientific laws which stabilize the structure of the structure and the arrangement of parts in the whole. The geometrization of the space and the object environment prescribes a mathematical basis for constructing garments from lace and lace-like structures. As a result of visual analysis of designer collections created using lace clothes, it became necessary to search for the principles of natural harmony, which are basic in the detailed development of clothing items made from lace. The lace fabric is created from separate elements, which are also built according to the similar laws of harmony. The research aims are analyzing and adaptation of the existing natural–rational aesthetics laws. The basic laws of natural harmony include the principles of symmetry and asymmetry, the law of the ‘first’ golden ratio (basic) and the law of the ‘second’ golden ratio. These principles have the property of universal and mathematically accurate stylization of wildlife in the construction of objects of any sort of activity and the object environment. Mathematically formalized adaptation of the two fundamental laws of natural aesthetics (the first and the second laws of the golden ratio) using examples of designer models of costume and fragmentary lace elements has been a result of the research. The ratios of elements, parts, sides in lace clothes and models made from lace are absolutely true. The research hypothesis about the direct relationship between natural laws and the design of a rationally aesthetic structure of objects (items) has been confirmed. The absence of systematic laws during creating the structure of lace fabric and models from lace clothes is going to negatively affect human psycho-emotional perception, and, as a result, there will be an almost complete absence of interest to the designed object (item), which means negative demand.

281-291

Authors: Korolev G., Barinov V.

Currently, most companies can select a number of methodologies to improve their business processes, including Six Sigma, Lean Six Sigma, Total Quality Management, Kaizen and Business Process Reengineering (BPR). Obviously, the choice of an appropriate methodology should be guided by the goals of the organization. In this regard, BPR is one of the best methodologies that can help companies ensure the continuity of their business so that they remain relevant for a long time. More importantly, BPR can help members rethink their existing practices and make significant improvements to the existing business process. The authors conducted a study of the theory of BPR. The main definitions are considered in detail, the essence of reengineering is revealed, five stages of implementation are named, possible positive and negative points in the process of BPR implementation are noted, examples are given. Based on the foregoing, it was concluded that companies that need to make changes in their business processes can adopt BPR as the most suitable methodology that will help to make improvements in their workplace.

298-304

Authors: Ignatochkina D., Repukhova D.

The authors of this article consider the problem of correlation between banking and tax secrets. The question raised is relevant, as the exact and concretized concepts of banking and tax secrets have not yet been fixed. However, this paper presents regulations that contain the concepts of banking and tax secrets, but it is also noted that they can be traced conflicts, as the fixed norms are different in scope and content, which causes problems with determining the responsibility of subjects of banking and tax secrets for their disclosure. If we talk about the relationship of these secrets, it should be noted that the priority has a tax secret, since credit institutions can be sanctioned for failure to provide the necessary information for the tax authorities. The authors also note that banking and tax secrecy play an important role in protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens protected by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Based on this, it is concluded that banking and tax secrets belong to professional and official secrets respectively, that is, they will relate to information with limited access. Based on the special legal regime of these secrets, the authors directly affect the types of responsibility for their disclosure. Such liability includes civil law, within the framework of labour legislation, administrative and criminal. Each responsibility has its own characteristics and problems, so the authors consider the problems of each of them. At the end of their work, the authors come to the conclusion about how necessary and important these two institutions are.

312-315

Authors: Gaffarov M.

Problems in the freight transportation market are considered: low solvency of customers, increase in the vehicle fleet and increased competition in the market, determination of tariffs for the transportation of goods based on the state of customers on idle cars, setting bonus tariffs in the same direction. The calculations and the sequence of actions for creating transport logistics are presented.

324-328

Authors: Abdurakhmonov R.

The article considers the issues of improving cost accounting in enterprises, explores and draws relevant conclusions regarding approaches to the cost structure, optimizing costs based on improving the cost accounting methodology for enterprises, and improving accounting of inventories. The structure of sales costs was studied, and it was proposed to transfer some of the articles to other ‘recurring’ costs and take them into account. To keep track of expenses more clearly and in groups, it is advisable to formulate the costs of this large group based on the economic nature of their formation.

336-340

Authors: Smirnov V., Perevalova A.

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of increasing the site’s conversion by improving its usability and, in particular, introducing a quiz survey. On the basis of the experiment, the effectiveness of this method was proved in comparison with the usual survey form.

348-355

Authors: Savvateeva V., Tanskaya V.

Issues related to the development of corruption in the modern social system, as well as in Russia, are examined. The influence of corruption on social relations on the legal basis of the state’s existence is analyzed. In conclusion, it is proposed that the definition of corruption should have a legislative legal structure that does not exclude the legal definition of a qualifying sign of combating corruption crimes. In this case, it is possible to develop a mechanism for confiscating the property of a corrupt official. The essence of anti-corruption, in this case, is a sequential consideration of the causes of corruption in general, the facts of corruption in particular, the analysis of the information studied.

361-371

Authors: Adykulov A.

The Shadow archetype as an unconscious psychological determinant indicates the manifestation of anxiety, unconscious fear and depression of teens, boys and girls. Under the dominance of the Shadow archetype of personality, some individual adolescents show signs of anxiety, depression, and this state begins to dominate their Ego, an archetype that testifies to Self-identity and Self-awareness of the ‘I’, which can lead to loss of control over their behaviour. Young students — boys show a correlation between the anima scales and the self. ‘Self’ as an archetype of personality, affecting the development and formation of the personality of an individual, indicates the existence of a strong direct relationship between these scales, that is, with high Self-indicators of ‘Self’, high indicators of the anima scale are demonstrated. A statically significant relationship is found between the ego and Self-scales, as well as between the Shadow and Self-scales. With high indices of the ‘Self’, with the development and formation of the individuality of the individual, high indices of Ego scales and Shadow are demonstrated.

383-386

Authors: Pavlova T.

This paper examines the influence of parents and family structure in General on the formation and development of self-esteem of children. The importance of forming a positive, adequate self-esteem to maintain the psychological health of children and the success of interaction with the social environment is analyzed. The main negative factors leading to a decrease in self-esteem, as well as factors contributing to the formation of adequate self-esteem. It is revealed that the most important element that allows a child to become successful in the future is the formation of not only positive but more importantly, adequate self-esteem as it is adequate self-esteem allows harmonious development of the child’s personality. It is concluded that today the predominant negative form of education of parents of their children, which is a constant reminder of the failures of the child, the main character traits of the child are ridiculed, often parents make obviously impossible demands on their children. It is revealed that the structure of the family also plays a crucial role in the formation of self-esteem of the child as in single-parent families often lack all the necessary benefits for the child, resulting in a child formed low self-esteem, which negatively affects the psychological health of the subject as a whole.

393-396

Authors: Mammadova S.

The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to communicative language teaching (CLT) and to describe methodological principles that facilitate the language learning process. CLT furthermore takes a pragmatic or performance-based approach to learning. Its goal is to promote the development of real-life language skills by engaging the learner in contextualized, meaningful, and communicative-oriented learning tasks. CLT methodologies embrace an eclectic approach to teaching, which means they borrow teaching practices from a wide array of methods that have been found effective and that are in accordance with principles of learning as suggested by research findings in research in SLA and cognitive psychology. Its open-ended or principle-based approach allows for a great deal of flexibility, which makes it adaptable to many individual programmatic and learner needs and goals.

401-410

Authors: Muratalieva M.

The process of formation of the general professional competencies of future teachers is the subject of research by many domestic and foreign scientists, which come down to the updating of general professional competencies, the study of their essence and content, become the subject of planning in documents of state and strategic importance, are reflected in the development strategies of domestic and foreign education systems. The analysis of regulatory documents in the field of higher professional education of the Kyrgyz Republic and the analysis of the results of the final state certification of university graduates led to the conclusion that to date, a mechanism for assessing the level of competency formation is not sufficiently developed. A survey was conducted with employers, a conversation with schoolteachers, on the basis of which some facts were revealed that indicate a low level and even lack of formality of some competencies, from among both universal and professional competencies. Over the past five years, the task of effective innovative functioning of the domestic system of higher professional education has been positioned with particular acuteness, which is associated with a number of different reasons that inevitably occur at the educational level. And the requirements of employers to improve the quality of higher professional education and to carry out high-quality training of graduates from year to year become a leading guideline not only for employers but also for consumers in the format of state and social orders. Sources are analyzed that made it possible to focus on the problems of teacher education that exist both in the domestic system and in the countries of the post-Soviet space. For the formation of the general professional competencies of future history teachers, it is important to develop modern mechanisms for implementing this process that would meet the requirements of the basic skills of the 21st century in the context of person-centered education throughout life.

420-430

Authors: Zulpukarova D.

Problem and rationale. Despite the spread of information technology in various areas of modern society, the possibilities of cloud technology are not used much in the practice of university education. The article substantiates the effectiveness of the use of Google applications in the process of organizing a student’s self-learning. Methodology. While researching the problem, we have used the analysis of theoretical and methodological literature, study of best practices in teaching mathematics and computer science using information technology, analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using cloud technology in training, conduct of computer science courses using Google applications, as well as the management of independent learning of first-year students of Osh State University using cloud technology. Results. The capabilities of the specialized services of Google.docs, Google. tables, Google.presentation and Google.forms for creating a document, presentation, spreadsheet, online questionnaires and online tests have been defined. The use of Google services in the practice of training leads to the formation of student’s training in the skills of working with cloud technologies, meanwhile, students demonstrate three levels of knowledge of cloud technologies: high, medium and low. Conclusions. Working with cloud technologies, it is possible for students to build ICT skills, skills of self-organization. Using Google applications, it is potential to monitor the implementation of self-learning, student projects, both in the process of completing assignments and achieving final results, the outcome of which is the improvement of teacher’s work process and saving time.

437-441

Authors: Bekturov T., Nazarmatova G., Imankulova S.

Role of the communicative ability of the teacher in pedagogical activity is considered. It is established that the development of communicative ability affects not only the success of a young teacher in communication but also the success of the implementation of the goals and objectives of teaching. The effectiveness of the formation of the communicative ability of young teachers in the conditions of modern professional training, which largely depends on knowledge of norms, values and attitudes implemented in communication, is shown; attitude to a person as a subject of communication; knowledge of the psychology of communication. In conclusion, it is concluded that communicative ability is the basis of pedagogical activity and determines its success.

450-457

Authors: Khalilova T.

Integration of the Kyrgyz language with fiction texts in the Kyrgyz literature allows students not to depart from patriotism, bravery, valuable human features, will allow fighting for one’s freedom. Each lesson conducted will penetrate into the soul of a student, this will allow him to think, feel sorry, sing, cry together with the character. To an extent this lesson will penetrate, a student will try to divide between the white and black, good from bad, think over each step. Therefore, a teacher, first of all, should try to wake up the internal feelings of a student, conduct a lesson by using different ways, it is important to wake up a student. The importance of integrational teaching of subjects is increasing the quality of education of students, increases the interest of education.

462-472

Authors: Ahmedova N., Abbasova O.

The article tells about Abbasgulu aga Bakikhanov, a prominent Azerbaijani historian, educator, writer and poet, translator, author of the first major study on the history of Azerbaijan and Dagestan, who lived in the first half of the XIX century. Bakikhanov is the founder of Azerbaijani historiography with his work Gulistan-i Iram, the author of poems in Azerbaijani, Arabic and Persian under the pseudonym Gudsi, one of the founders of the scientific and literary assembly Gulustan in Guba (1835). He also served as a translator at the signing of the Gulustan (1813) and Turkmenchay treaties (1828) while serving in the tsarist Russian army.

483-487

Authors: Eremin G.

This scientific paper aims to understand public ownership of the means of production in the Soviet economic system. There is a presentation of such indicators as the functioning of collective farms, their quantitative and qualitative change over time, gross output, production and economic costs. The scientific paper uses information from national statistical compilations Kolkhozes in the second Stalinist five-year plan of 1939 and Kolkhozes of the USSR of 1988. The economic efficiency of kolkhozes and factors of production changes are explained according to this. The article also examines the legal status of public ownership in accordance with USSR Constitutions of 1936 and 1977. The effects of the ‘tragedy of commons’ and the ‘reform loop’ are considered. The following studies present conclusions of the profitability and production efficiency of kolkhozes.

500-515

Authors: Kuzina N.

The interdisciplinary method in research and reconstruction of social relations in ancient cultures demands using terms of different academic fields, both old and newly developed. In this regard, in the 20th century, foreign scholars attempted to draw up large explanatory dictionaries of Egyptological terms. In course of this investigation, a frequency list for a collection of written academic texts, namely Center of Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences reports for 2015–2018, was formed, which gave a basis for another frequency list — one of the terms used. Analysis of this list in terms of semantic fields was conducted, while the entries of this list were studied in terms of their belonging to the highly specialized or general academic lexicon. Terms used for describing patterns and local peculiarities of interaction of social and cultural traditions and religious beliefs, as well as for describing the perception of Egyptian culture and interaction of elite and mass cultures, was clarified.

523-530

Authors: Safarova U.

The author studies the complex of contaminated formations of various levels in the linguistic system taking into consideration principles, revealing their pragmatic peculiarities on the level of speech realization. The author notes that morphological base of contaminated words is provided by joining of morphemes with partial pushing of one into another. With this, one common starting morpheme is formed of two root morphemes of starting material. In order to form joint words free syntactic construction is used, its stereotype character and frequent reiteration in various spheres of linguistic communication.

536-541

Authors: Yakubov M.

This article deals with the image of Timur the Great and description of his epoch in the story Lord of Samarcand by well-known American writer Robert E. Howard.