Journal of community health research

132-140

Authors: Hamid Reza Samadifard, Mohammad Narimani

Introduction: General health comprised features that act as a shield in the face of stressful life situations and help couples have better performance in these situations. The present study was conducted to determine the role of cognitive belief, fusion and distortion in predicting the general health of couples. Methods: Descriptive research method was used in this study. Population of the study included all couples in the city of Ardabil in 2016. Three hundred and eighty individuals (190 couples) were selected from parks and other public places through available sampling and the use of Krejcie and Morgan table. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. Results: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs (r = 0.47, p < 0.05), cognitive fusion (r = 0.33, p < 0.05) and cognitive distortion (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) with general health. Beta coefficients for predictor variables indicated that metacognitive belief (β = 0.34), cognitive fusion (β = 0.28) and cognitive distortion (β = 0.21) can predict the general health of couples (p < 0.05). Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that couples with higher levels of meta-cognitive beliefs, cognitive fusion and cognitive distortion had lower general health.

150-164

Authors: Hodjat Hamidi, Rasoul Moradi

Introduction: Mobile personal health is a rapidly growing area of health information technology. Mobile personal health users are able to manage their own health data and communicate with doctors in order to improve healthcare quality and efficiency. In recent years, information and communication technologies improvements, along with mobile Internet, offering anywhere and anytime connectivity, play a key role on modern healthcare solutions. Moreover, data on genetic diseases are no exception to this set of data. Therefore, appropriate algorithm and methods of data analysis should be designed. Methods: The main objective of this research is to investigate the effective factors on more efficiency of medical data. In this article, in addition to analyzing and evaluating the best data mining algorithms used in the medical field, a new combined approach has been provided in order to predict the risk of transmitting genetic diseases. A questionnaire was developed for this task, based on the rigorous study of scientific literature concerning pregnancy and applications available on the market, with 12 data items. The data items contain calendars, genetic diseases and cardiovascular diseases information, health habits, counters, diaries, mobile features, security, backup, configuration and architectural design. Results: Health telematics is a growing issue that is becoming a major improvement on patient lives, especially in elderly, disabled, and chronically ill. The results of the patients clustering were obtained using the risk of transmitting genetic diseases and according to the criteria of similarity in the ways of transmission as well as using a decision tree to predict whether the individual with the related characteristics has the likelihood to transmit the disease or not. 300 participants were recruited, 92% routinely used and 91% owned a mobile phone. 99% were willing to receive mobile health (m-health) advice, and 79% favored mobile medication reminders. 65.2% would send home recorded information on their blood pressure, weight, medication use and lifestyle to a doctor. 81.9% trusted the confidentiality of m-health data, while 77.1% had no concerns about the privacy of their information. Conclusion: M-health system proposes healthcare delivery anytime and anywhere, overcoming geographical, temporal, and even organizational barriers with low and affordable costs. This study reviewed the state-of-the-art on m-health system and technologies.

175-184

Authors: Aboobakr Jafarnejad, Narges Khanjani, Batool Tirgari

Introduction: Addiction is one of the major crises in the world which has many victims and imposes serious damage on the family and society, especially among children who are the most vulnerable social stratum. The aim of this study was to determine the possible causes of drug addiction among children in Kerman. Methods: This case-control study was conducted as a qualitative study. Ninety children aged 6 to 16 years were enrolled. The case group included 30 addicted children supported by the Welfare Organization. The control group included two groups of 30 children, one selected from the Welfare Organization and the other from across the city. All participants were male and groups were matched for age. Then, the probable causes of addiction were compared between these two groups. Data were analyzed by using SPSS22 and by chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of children was 10.8 ± 2.4 in the case group, 11.4 ± 1.8 in the park control and 12.8 ± 1.5 in the welfare center control group. All participants were male. The results revealed that there were significant statistical differences between the addicted and non-addicted children in regard to parent’s religious beliefs, parent imprisonment, history of addiction in families, visiting the park alone and parental employment. Conclusion: Strengthening religious beliefs of parents, teaching life skills to children and their parents, parental control on children, tracking and monitoring the peers; and promoting collaborations between the policymakers, the Welfare Organization, the Municipality, the Universities of Medical Sciences and the Police Force can help to reduce and control addiction among children.

192-195

Authors: Jung Yeon Lee, Judith S. Brook, Kerstin Pahl, David W. Brook

Introduction: In the United States (US), there are 19 million new sexually transmitted disease (STD) infections each year. Untreated STDs can lead to serious long-term adverse health consequences, especially for young women. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that undiagnosed and untreated STDs cause at least 24,000 women in the US each year to become infertile. This clearly is a public health issue of great concern for young women. Methods: The current cross-sectional study included a community sample consisting of 343 female participants (50% African Americans, 50% Puerto Ricans) at their mean age of 39 years. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of time-varying factors within-person (e.g., substance use) and fixed effects factors between-persons (e.g., race/ethnicity) with the number of male sexual partners. Results: Alcohol use (b=0.14, p<0.01), cannabis use (b=1.10, p<0.01), marital status – unmarried (b=-0.16, p<0.05), and race/ethnicity – African American (b=-0.20, p<0.01) were significantly related to having a higher number of male sex partners in the past year. Conclusions: From a public health perspective, treatment and prevention programs for sexual risk behavior focused on substance use as well as socio-cultural factors (i.e., marital status, race/ethnicity) may be more effective than programs focused only on substance use.

77-84

Authors: Mohammad Hassan Lotfi, Soheila Noori, AliAkbar Taj Firouze, Hossein Fallahzadeh, Jamshid Ayatollahi

Introduction: Iran is majorly affected by the Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Despite continued efforts toward control, the incidence of CL has increased in the many areas of Iran. The counties of Ardakan, Khatam, Bafgh, Abarkuh, and Yazd are endemic places for CL. An outbreak occurred in the Yazd province them between March 2015 and March 2016.The aim of this paper was to identify the epidemiological and clinical aspects of leishmaniasis in patients that were reported from these five endemic foci during the outbreak. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 150 patients suffering from CL who were referred to the provincial health center during the period of outbreak. Clinical and demographic information of the patients were registered and analyzed by the SPSS 23 software. Result: From the 150 cases considered, 121 subjects (80.2%) lived in urban areas. 93 (62%) patients were male. The most frequent age group was 21–30 years old (18.7%). Housekeepers had the highest incidence (22.6%) of CL. 41.3% of patients had elementary education. Monthly family income in over half of the patients was less than a million tomans per month. The maximum number of CL cases was reported in the autumn with (62 patients; 41.3%). 98 (65.3%) patients reported a history of travel in the past year. The highest rates of CL lesions were seen in the feet (18.7%). In over half of the cases (52.7%), the wound size was over than one centimeter and 82 (54.7%) patients had only one wound. Conclusion: In order to further outbreak control, basic measures such as public education and education for people who travel to endemic areas as well as the treatment of patients infected with urban type leishmaniasis (as a reservoir), according to the geographical condition and carrier, can be useful.

93-101

Authors: Zahra Khazir, Morad Ali Zareipour, Mahdi Abdolkarimi, Arefeh Dehghani Tafti, Tahereh Rahimi

Introduction: There has been a recent spike in the use of virtual social networks. However, only a few studies have explored factors that influence the use of social networks by using theories of health education among students. The present study aims to determine the predictive factors of virtual social networks among students of the Yazd University of Medical Sciences based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior. Methods: In 2016 this cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 students who were selected by the stratified random sampling method. Data was collected from a questionnaire based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior including attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intentions and behaviors. The data collected was then analyzed via the SPSS V.16 software using descriptive statistics, Pearson product– moment correlation test, one-way analysis of variance, and regression. Results: The mean age of the students was 22.28 ± 3.69 years. The results also suggested that 98.3% of them were using virtual social networks. Moreover, the findings of the regression analysis indicated that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were predictors of intention to use social networks, while attitudes had the highest predictive power for the intention to use social networks (β = 0.38). Furthermore, the results of the regression analysis demonstrated that behavioral intention, attitudes, and subjective norms among the constructs of the theory of planned behavior could predict the behavior to use virtual space. Conclusion: The use of virtual social networks by university students displayed a rising trend. Measures ought to be taken to create a right attitude about the extent and efficient use of virtual networks to ensure that they do not interfere with the students’ educational activities and real relationships.

109-116

Authors: Naghmeh Ghorashi, Abbas Alavi Rad

Introduction: Studies on the causal dynamics between the environment, health expenditures, and economic growth have recently started in the economics literature for both developing and developed countries. Methods: This study examines the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, health expenditures, and economic growth, using dynamic simultaneous equation models for Iran over the period 1972–2012. Results: Our empirical results show that there is a bidirectional relationship of causality between CO2 emissions and economic growth. There is also a unidirectional relationship of causality from health expenditures to economic growth. The positive bidirectional causality relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth will be very important for environmental quality over the next few years in Iran. Conclusion: It is clear that the government would like to increase economic growth over the period of the next Five-Year Development Plan. It seems that policymakers must examine the requirements for investment to promote environmental protection and increase technological transfers to reduce environmental damage.

124-128

Authors: Leila Nemati Anaraki, Farzaneh Sardari

Human resource is an organizational capital and its mental health is one of the most important dimensions. The mental health has a significant effect on performance of staffs. The current research aimed to examine the mental health and its dimensions in librarians of Shahid Sadoughi university in 2016. This is a descriptive-analytical study with correlational design among librarians working in libraries of Shahid Sadoughi university. Goldberg & Hiller general health questionnaire was used to evaluate general health of librarians. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent T test, variance analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS software version 19. Results indicated that the mean score of librarians' general health was 22.8±10.38 which shows that participants were healthy. Furthermore, marital status was associated with health and its components so that married individuals were less healthy. Depression rate of librarians was low but most of them suffered from physical problems, anxiety, sleep disorders, and social conflicts. Therefore, librarians' authorities should consider such problems and develop strategic plans for them.

10-17

Authors: Mahmood Vakili, Mohsen Mirzaei, Zabihullah Mohaqiq, Mansour Ahmadi, Ehsan Alavirad

Introduction: Physical activity and healthy eating at an early age are two key elements in prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases. Therefore, regular physical activity is recommended to improve public health and to reduce the burden of diseases and medical costs in communities. The aim of this study was to determine the status of physical activity in Yazd high school students Methods: A total number of1018 male high school students participated in this cross-sectional study. They were permanent residents of Yazd city in the school year of 2015-2016. Multistage cluster classification and stratified sampling methods were applied to collect samples. A validated Persian standardized World Health Organization questionnaire (GSHS) was used as a data collection tool. After completing the questionnaire by students, data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: only 11.6 % of participants reported physical activity for at least 60 minutes a day. Inert activities such as watching television or playing computer games for more than 2 hours during a typical day was reported by 531 participants (55 %). Based on body mass index, 18.23 % of students were obese and 13.22 % were overweight. Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the level of students' physical activities is low. Paying more attention to physical activity and designing curriculums that devote more hours for physical activities are recommended. Encouraging physical activity in leisure time and providing proper facilities for adolescents are further suggestions.

34-43

Authors: Leila Shahmoradi, Amos Otieno Olwendo, Hussein Arab-Alibeik, Khosrow Agin, Sougand Setareh

Introduction: This research was meant to provide a model for COPD diagnosis and to classify the cases into phenotypes; General COPD, Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema, and the Asthmatic COPD using a Bayesian Network (BN). Methods: The model was constructed through developing the Bayesian Network structure and instantiating the parameters for each of the variables. In order to validate the achieved results, the same data set was applied to a neural network application using the Levenberge- Marquardt algorithm. Furthermore, a card Diag, a C++ application that enables graphical classification of COPD into phenotypes and depicts the relationships of COPD phenotypes was developed. Results: The results showed that a Bayesian Network can be successfully applied to develop a probabilistic model for diagnosis and classification of COPD cases into the corresponding phenotypes. Conclusions: A model that classifies COPD cases into phenotypes of general COPD, Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema, and Asthmatic COPD was successfully developed. Moreover, the achieved results also helped to represent graphical representations of COPD phenotypes and explained how the phenotypes relate to each other. It was also observed that COPD is mostly associated with people aged 40 years or older. Overall, smoking is the major cause of COPD.

53-63

Authors: Mohammad Ali Morovati Sharifabadi; Ehsan Movahed, Kheirmohammad Jodgal, MoradAli Zareipour, Somayeh Alizadeh, Rabae Agh Atabai, Vali Bahrevar, Mahboobeh Ameri

Introduction: This is important to consider the health, social support, and marital satisfaction of drivers since they own one of the essential and stressful jobs in society. The purpose of this research was to investigate quality of life, marital satisfaction, and social support of the drivers referring to the cargo terminal of Yazd City. Methods: In order to collect data, 134 drivers in Yazd cargo terminal were selected. The ENRICH questionnaire of marital satisfaction, SF - 36 questionnaire, and social support questionnaire (SSQ) have been used as data collection tools. The collected data were then analyzed by Independent T test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation. Results: According to the results, the drivers' average age was 40.2 ± 9.17 years old. The mean scores of marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support were equal to 120.04 ± 20.14 out of 175, 99.69 ± 18.14 out of 149, and 15 ± 4.76 out of 23, respectively. About 60.4 % of drivers were not satisfied with their jobs. There were significant relationships between weight and marital satisfaction (P = 0.02), as well as between job satisfaction (P = 0.003) (P = 0.015) and income (P = 0.047) (P = 0.020), to social support and quality of life. Also, a strong significant positive relationship was observed in correlation coefficient between social support and two variables of quality of life and marital satisfaction (P = 0.000). Conclusion: This can be argued that marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support of the drivers are lower than the expected levels. Therefore, it can be concluded that physical and mental health of drivers can be effective on safety of roads; thereby it is necessary to improve their conditions in marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support.

234-239

Authors: Mahmood Vakili , Mohammad Shafiee, Amir Hossein Baharie, Mohsen Mirzaei

Introduction: Substance abuse is a common problem and a major public health dilemma with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, due to the increase of drug abuse in recent years, especially among young people and its complications, including loss of life, unwanted pregnancy, suicide commitment, as well as violence and given that our country has a young population, so the present study, aimed to investigate the substance abuse among the students in Yazd, a central city in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study 1020 students studying in high school (the first period - the second period) were investigated in the 2015-2016 academic year in the city of Yazd. Multi-stage sampling method using cluster and stratified sampling was used. Information were collected through a standardized questionnaire based on World Health Organization method known as Global school-based student health survey (GSHS) which was translated to Persian. After completion of the questionnaire by students, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and through statistical tests of significance. Results: The results showed 18.1% of students had at least one history of drug use. 9.5% of students had a history of cannabis use, 12.5% had a history of amphetamines use, 10.8% had a history of taking psychotropic pills, 12.2% had a history of heroin use, 12.9% had a history of opium use, and finally, 9.6% had a history of crack use. There was no significant association between parents education and drug abuse in students. Conclusion: According to high prevalence and diversity of substance abuse among students, recommend educational program in school and parents supervision. Promotion of parents and teachers knowledge about symptoms of abuse is needed. Family support of adolescents is effective for prevention.

249-259

Authors: Masoud Mohammadi, Masoud Mirzaei

Introduction: Prevalence of obesity has been increased in Iran over the recent decades. Little is known about fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity in Iran. This study aimed to determine the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of hypertension due to obesity across different provinces of Iran. Materials and Methods: Data on prevalence of hypertension were extracted from Iranian Ministry of Health Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor InfoBase. Measure of association between hypertension and obesity was extracted from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, for men and women separately. The extracted relative risks were used to calculate PAF of hypertension associated with obesity after age standardization of the reported prevalence of obesity across different provinces of Iran. Results: In this study, PAF of hypertension associated with obesity observed in females; 25.6 (95% CI:18.9-30.1) was more than that of males; 24.6 (95% CI: 18.1-29.2), in males across different provinces, North-Khorasan had the highest PAF of hypertension due to obesity 24.6 (95% CI: 18.1-29.2), followed by Qom; 22.6 (95% CI: 16.5-26.7), and Hormozgan; 22.5 (95% CI: 16.5-26.6). In females, North-Khorasan province had the highest PAF; 25.6 (95% CI: 18.9-30.1) followed by Semnan 22.3 (95% CI: 16.5-26.3), Hormozgan 20.9 (95% CI: 15.5-24.6), as well as Qom 20.7 (95% CI: 15.5-24.6). Conclusion: Prevalence of hypertension is relatively high in provinces of Iran and a sizable share of it is associated with obesity. It is recommended that health promotion programs focus on obesity in these provinces.

270-278

Authors: Mahmood Vakili, Mozhgan Modaressi, Razieh Zahabi, Arezoo Aghakoochak

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common and important metabolic disorder in pregnancy period. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes and its risk factors in Meibod County Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using registered data of diabetes screening program for all pregnant women living in Meibod town during the years 2013-2014. In first gynecology visit, FBS test was conducted for 1209 pregnant women who had no past record of diabetes. According to existence or lack of risk factors, participants went through glucose 3-hour tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 grams of glucose. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Vs. 18) by Chi-squared, t-test, and logistic regression test. Results: Mean age of women with gestational diabetes was 27.8±5.85 while it was 26.1±5.35 for healthy women. There was significant relation between age, body mass index, parity, family record of the diabetes, and history of gestational diabetes (P=0.000). There was no significant relationship between gestational diabetes and history of hypertension, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, child's weight of 4 kg or more at birth, and fetal abnormalities in previous pregnancies. There was also a significant correlation between gestational diabetes and number of risk factors (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of gestational diabetes was high in Meibod town and more studies are needed in this area.

289-294

Authors: Golrasteh Kholasehzadeh, Fatemeh Sorayani, Mansureh Nasirian, Mohammad Hassan Lotfi

Since 40 years ago, the mental health services providing strategies have been dramatically changed worldwide. They are also considered as a new revolution in mental health and thus named as community-based mental health movement. Moreover, mental health centers in Iran have been established in order to make a change in urban community-based mental health (CMHC). The first CMHC was founded in 2010 in the 16th district of Tehran. In Yazd, it was established in 2010. In this article, the steps for establishment of the first CMHC are described.

158-168

Authors: Neda Izadi, Maliheh Khoramdad, Parastoo Jamshidi, Ali Reza Zanganeh, Jabbar Shafiei, Alireza Firouzi

Abstract Introduction: The increasing rate of road traffic injuries have turned into a noticeable and critical danger threatening lives of people in different countries around the world. This study is done to determine epidemiological pattern and mortality rate trend of road traffic injuries. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the epidemiological pattern of mortality related to road traffic injury was determined in a 6-year-period data gathering by Kermanshah Forensic Medicine Center’s census. The external cause of death was classified using ICD-10 codes. The population of Kermanshah was provided by the Governor General’s Office. Data were then analyzed using Stata 11 software. To examine the mortality trend and its significance, the negative binomial regression was utilized. Result: The average age of 3231 death cases of road traffic injuries was 39.83±21.27and 78.4% of the subjects were males. The most important cause of death was head concussion (71.6%). The highest number of external causes was related to cars/van crashes. The mean mortality rate of road traffic injuries in Kermanshah province in this 6-year period was 27.81 deaths per hundred thousand people. The rate of mortality due to road traffic in Kermanshah has decreased from 33.13 to 22.58 cases per hundred thousand people and mortality rate decreases by 6% on average in proportion to every unit of increase in year (β= -0.06; CI: -0.11, -0.002). Conclusion: According to the results and despite the decrease in traffic injuries' mortality in recent years, this rate is still higher than that of other countries; therefore, this area of interest should be reviewed, changed, and even revolutionized.

182-194

Authors: Mohammad Malakootian, Ali Toolabi, Zahra Derakhshan , Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian

Abstract Introduction: The most important environmental problem of automotive industries is the produced wastewater due to its various processes. The flocculation and coagulation along with chemical sequestration are among important processes for removing contaminants from wastewaters. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of coagulation and flocculation process along with chemical sequestration in the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from automotive industry sewage. Materials & Methods: This study is an applied-experimental study. The removal of organic and inorganic substances by coagulation, flocculation process combined with chemical sequestration was carried out in batch reactors. The parameters turbidity, heavy metals' concentration, color, phosphate, coagulants concentration, exposure time, TSS, pH and COD were studied. The concentration of color and residue of heavy metals were determined using spectrophotometer -UV and atomic absorption. Results: The research results showed that the removal percentage of Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn by ferric sulfate combined with lime at a pH equal to 10 and the exposure time of 100 minutes were 52.65, 96.3, 3.27 and 100 respectively, and percentage of removing them by aluminum sulfate combined with lime was 52.65, 97.8, 3.37 and 99.81 respectively. the removal percentage of TSS, COD, color, turbidity, phosphates ferric sulfate was also 68.9, 83, 94, 84 and 47.2 respectively, and this amount of removal by aluminum sulfate was 62, 80, 94, 73.5 and 48 respectively at neutral pH and concentration of coagulant was obtained equal to 150 mg/ L. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of coagulation and flocculation process combined with chemical sequestration in the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewaters of automotive industry achieved under optimal conditions is very effective and can be used in water treatment of automotive industry.

202-210

Authors: Fatemeh Rakhshany Zabol, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Mitra Moodi

Abstract Introduction: Trans theoretical model (TTM) is one of the models applied to assess the physical activity behavior. One of the criticisms leveled at studies conducted on the trans theoretical model is that majority of them have employed cross-sectional designs so that they fail to show the dynamic nature of change. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate transitional shifts in Physical Activity Behavior among employees of Birjand universities based on Transtheoretical Model. Materials & Methods: This prospective study with six months of follow-up was conducted on 200 employees of Research and Education departments of Birjand Universities of medical sciences. A total number of 179 participants completed the questionnaires at two time periods, i.e., at the baseline and six months later. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire consisting of demographic variables and constructs of Transtheoretical model which was completed by using the self-reported method. Results: Transitional shifts in physical activity behavior were classified into four patterns: stable sedentary (26.3%), stable active (39.1%), exercise adopters (12%), and exercise relapsers (22.6%). Stable active group had a significant decrease in the mean score of pros. Exercise adopters had a significant increase in the mean scores of self-efficacy and pros. Also, significant decreases were observed in the mean scores of behavioral processes, cognitive processes, and self-efficacy among exercise relapsers. Mean scores of the pros, self-efficacy, behavioral and cognitive processes at the baseline and follow-up showed significant differences between the four patterns. Conclus ion: The results of this study provided partial support for internal validity of TTM. It seems that interventions based on this model can be effective in adopting and maintaining physical activity behavior.

220-231

Authors: Mohammad Sasanipour, Amir Hossein Hashemian, Mosayeb Moheby Meymandi, Saeedeh Shahbazin

Abstract Introduction: Recent studies on Iranian mortality clearly underscore the role of cardiovascular diseases, unintentional injuries, and cancers as three leading causes of reduced life expectancy during the last three decades. The purpose of current study is to measure the effect of these causes on the 2010 life table for Iran. Materials & Methods: The number of registered deaths by age, sex, and death distribution by cause for Iran in 2010 was obtained from death registration system operated by the Ministry of Health. In order to know more about the population at risk population forecast information of the Statistical Centre of Iran (SCI) was used. The obtained data were analyzed using Multiple Decrement Life Table and Kitagava analysis method. Results: The results showed that there are three leading causes of death for a potential 13-yearlost life of Iranian men and women. More detailed results indicated that cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and unintentional injuries play larger roles in this regard while men were more likely to die by unintentional injuries than women. Life expectancy of middle aged men was more affected by unintentional injuries while old aged women were more affected by cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion: Particular consideration of cardiovascular diseases' risk factors of both sexs and males' death by unintentional injuries was of utmost importance in reducing mortality rate and increasing life expectancy as a result.