International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications

3616-3622

Authors: A.Adlin; Dr.K.Madhan Kumar

Microstrip patch antennas are recently used in wireless detection applications due to their low power consumption, low cost, versatility, field excitation, ease of fabrication etc. The microstrip patch antennas are also called as printed antennas which is suffer with an array elements of antenna and narrow bandwidth. To overcome the above drawbacks, Flame Retardant Material is used as the substrate. Rectangular shape of microstrip patch antenna with FR4 material as the substrate which is more suitable for the explosive detection applications. The proposed printed antenna was designed with the dimension of 60 x 60 mm2. FR-4 material has a dielectric constant value of 4.3 with thickness 1.56 mm, length and width 60 mm and 60 mm respectively. One side of the substrate contains the ground plane of dimensions 60 x60 mm2 made of copper and the other side of the substrate contains the patch which have dimensions 34 x 29 mm2 and thickness 0.03mm which is also made of copper. RMPA without slot, Vertical slot RMPA, Double horizontal slot RMPA and Centre slot RMPA structures were designed and the performance of the antennas were analysed with various parameters such as gain, directivity, Efield, VSWR and return loss. From the performance analysis, double horizontal slot RMPA antenna provides a better result and it provides maximum gain (8.61dB) and minimum return loss (-33.918dB). Based on the E-field excitation value the SEMTEX explosive material is detected and it was simulated using CST software.

3632-3639

Authors: Dr. G. Rama Subba Reddy; B. Dilip Chakravarthy; C. ReddiNeelima; G. Divya Zion

In today’s world migration of people from rural areas to urban areas is quite common. Health care services are one of the most challenging aspect that is must require to the people with abnormal health. Advancements in the technologies lead to build the smart homes, which contains various sensor or smart meter devices to automate the process of other electronic device. Additionally these smart meters can be able to capture the daily activities of the patients and also monitor the health conditions of the patients by mining the frequent patterns and association rules generated from the smart meters. In this work we proposed a model that is able to monitor the activities of the patients in home and can send the daily activities to the corresponding doctor. We can extract the frequent patterns and association rules from the log data and can predict the health conditions of the patients and can give the suggestions according to the prediction. Our work is divided in to three stages. Firstly, we used to record the daily activities of the patient using a specific time period at three regular intervals. Secondly we applied the frequent pattern growth for extracting the association rules from the log file. Finally, we applied kmeans clustering for the input and applied Bayesian network model to predict the health behavior of the patient and precautions will be given accordingly.

3645-3653

Authors: Maurice Ayuketang Nso

The financial services industry is experiencing rapid changes in services delivery and channels usage, and financial companies and users of financial services are looking at new technologies as they emerge and deciding whether or not to embrace them and the new opportunities to save and manage enormous time, cost and stress. There is no doubt about the favourable and manifold impact of technology on e-banking as pictured in this review paper, almost all banks are with the least and most access e-banking Technological equipments like ATMs and Cards. On the other Hand cheap and readily available technology has opened a favourable competition in ebanking services business with a lot of wide range competitors competing with Commercial Banks in Cameroon in providing digital financial services.

3658-3662

Authors: Kandasamy V; Divya R

In past couple of decades, there is immediate growth in field of agricultural technology. Utilization of proper method of irrigation by drip is very reasonable and proficient. A various drip irrigation methods have been proposed, but they have been found to be very luxurious and dense to use. The farmer has to maintain watch on irrigation schedule in the conventional drip irrigation system, which is different for different types of crops. In remotely monitored embedded system for irrigation purposes have become a new essential for farmer to accumulate his energy, time and money and will take place only when there will be requirement of water. In this approach, the soil test for chemical constituents, water content, and salinity and fertilizer requirement data collected by wireless and processed for better drip irrigation plan. This paper reviews different monitoring systems and proposes an automatic monitoring system model using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which helps the farmer to improve the yield.

3669-3673

Authors: Prof. A.K. Baruah; Tulsi Bora

To identify the importance of node of a network, several centralities are used. Majority of these centrality measures are dominated by components' degree due to their nature of looking at networks’ topology. We propose a centrality to identification model, bridging centrality, based on information flow and topological aspects. We apply bridging centrality on real world networks including the transportation network and show that the nodes distinguished by bridging centrality are well located on the connecting positions between highly connected regions. Bridging centrality can discriminate bridging nodes, the nodes with more information flowed through them and locations between highly connected regions, while other centrality measures cannot.

3545-3556

Authors: Dr.P.Kannan, G.Bharatha Sreeja, J. Hermus Mary Shifani

The discrete time systems that process data at more than one sampling rate are known as multirate systems. The two basic operations in multirate signal processing are decimation and interpolation.One of the important applications of multirate signal processing is sub-band coding of speech signal. In the proposed system, speech signal is taken as input signal. Additive White Gaussian Noise is added with the input speech signal. The input speech signal spectrum is divided into frequency sub-bands using a bank of finite response filters. Hamming, Hanning, Blackman, Rectangular and Kaiser windowing methods are used to implement the low pass and high pass filters. Finally performance of the proposed system is evaluated on the TIMIT data base using the parameters like leakage factor, main lobe width, side lobe attenuation, peak amplitude of side lobe and signal to noise ratio. The performance evaluation shows which window is suitable for designing the finite impulse response filters and sub-band coding system.

3563-3570

Authors: Dr. P. Kannan, A. Antony Licy, Dr. R. Shantha Selva Kumari

Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is a digital amplifier that amplifies a completely low strength signal without drastically degrading its sign to the noise ratio. It's far in any other case known as block down converter. Its miles designed to decrease the additional noise. Here, the low noise amplifier (LNA) is designed the use of a new configuration of high-quality remarks advantage enhancement technique that's suitable for low energy and coffee noise packages. On this proposed technique, additional wonderful comments capacitor is attached to any of the transistor terminal, which will increase voltage benefit due to reducing the entire transconductance. The everyday amplifier circuit is designed the use of energy constrained simultaneous noise and input matching (PCSNIM) method. This technique is used to gain simultaneous enter impedance and minimal noise matching. By means of using this advantage stronger method, the gain of the LNA has been elevated and noise parent is reduced without sacrificing bandwidth, linearity and electricity intake. In this paper we attain 8.620 dB of gain at 4GHz frequency by way of the usage of superb feedback capacitor and interstage matching inductor and also the design of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) LNA provides 14.62dB gain by using inductive source degeneration topology.

3580-3587

Authors: Sunil S Harakannanavar1, K S Prabhushetty2, Chaitra Hugar3, Ashwini Sheravi3, Mrunali Badiger3, Prema Patil3

The iris pattern is an important biological feature of human body. The recognition of an individual based on iris pattern is gaining more popularity due to the uniqueness of the pattern among the people. In this paper, the iris images are read from the database and preprocessing is performed to enhance the quality of images. Further the iris and pupil boundaries are detected using circular Hough transform and normalization is performed by using Dougman’s rubber sheet model. The fusion is performed in patch level. For performing fusion, the image is converted in to 3x3 patches for mask image and converted rubber sheet model. Patch conversion is done by sliding window technique. So that local information for individual pixels can be extracted. The desired features are extracted by block based empirical mode decomposition as a low pass filter to analyze iris images. Finally the matching between the database image and test image is performed using Euclidean Distance classifier. The experimental results shows 100% accuracy on CASIA V1.0 database compared with other state-of-art methods.

3596-3600

Authors: Dr. S. Kiran, R. Pradeep Kumar Reddy, Dr. A. Ashok Kumar, N. Subramanyan

Steganography is the principles and techniques of embedding data within other data. Cryptography is the principles and techniques of changing the data one form to another form. Image Steganography is the process of hiding data within an image. Steganography along with encryption techniques provides an additional security to the data. Several techniques exist for image steganography, in this work, a new lossless image steganography technique along with cryptographic method is presented. Lossless compression is a class of algorithms that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data. Present work concentrates the lower nibble of pixels in the cover image for embedding the information; further encryption techniques will be applied. It is not possible for the hacker to retrieve the secured data from the cover image.

3477-3491

Authors: SalehaMasood, Muhammad AlyasShahid, Muhammad Sharif, MussaratYasmin

Today over the Internet, communication and computing environments are considerably and significantly becoming more and more chaotic and complex than normal classical distributed systems that have some lacking of any hierarchical control and some centralized organization. There in the emerging of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks overlays has become of much interest because P2P networks provide a good quality substrate to create a largescale content distribution, data sharing, and multicast applications at the application-level. P2P networks are commonly used as “file-swapping” in any network to provide support in sharing of distributed contents. For data and file sharing, a number of P2P networks have been deployed and developed. Gnutella, Fast track and Napster are three popular and commonly used P2P networking systems. In this research a broad overview of P2P networks computing is presented. This research is focusing on content sharing technologies, networks and techniques. In this research, it is also tried to emphasize on the study and analysis of popular P2P network topologies used in networking systems. This research is also focuses, identifies and describes the most common architecture models of P2P networks and compares different properties, characteristics and features of four P2P systems—Fast track, Gnutella, Open FT and Napster. In P2P organization, every peer grosses mutually the parts of the server as well of the client. By way of a client, it can demand and copy its required record files from additional peers, and in place of a server, it can offer data files to additional peers. The survey basically analyzes and outlines the basic structuring of P2P networks together with their analysis, comparison, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. The survey presents numerous organized and unstructured P2P structures.

3498-3501

Authors: Mallikarjunaswamy N J 1, Latha Yadav T R2, Dr. Keshava Prasanna3

Wireless Sensor Networks is an infrastructure less, self-configured, reprogrammable, energy-aware network used in various applications. Many networks works on security of data including mainly ASCII values but not the non English end users. BDNA cryptography describes how to encrypt non English patterns but which leads to propagation of more bits transmitted means indirectly consumes more energy in WSN. In this we propose new steps to reduce the transmission of more bytes in the network. This gives high propagation speed in the network with minimum hash overhead.

3506-3509

Authors: Sangeeta Rani, Kanwalvir Singh Dhindsa

Android is one of the most popular operating system for mobile devices and tablets. The growing number of Android users and open source nature of this platform has also attracted attackers to target Android devices. This paper presents the static and dynamic analysis of the Android applications in order to detect malware. In this work, we have performed permission based and behavioural based filtering of Android applications with the help of malware analysis tools. Our results revel that 80% of the applications request for dangerous permissions. 13% applications consist of malicious activities. Most of the applications are interested in the device data like contact lists, IMEI, IMSI, SMS etc. These results clearly indicate the need for better security measures for Android apps.

3515-3522

Authors: Koffka Khan, Wayne Goodridge

Over recent years there has been a considerable shift, from quality of service (QoS) to quality of experience (QoE), when evaluating video delivery across networks. Hence, we first explore the need for this shift towards user-QoE in the video delivery ecosystem. Further, we investigate major QoE metrics researchers use in the evaluation of DASH users. We point out a huge problem with DASH beginning with its transport layer protocol. DASH utilizes Transmission control protocol (TCP) as the transport layer protocol. Thus, we give an overview of the mechanism of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and two mechanisms greatly impacting the streaming process: (1) TCP congestion mechanism and (2) TCP Fast Start. This leads us to investigate the impact of these TCP mechanisms on DASH players and consequently user-QoE.

3843-3852

Authors: KamelyaDehghaniKohnehshahri, Mohammad Hasan Kargar, Fatemeh Soleimani-Roozbahani 1

Over the past few years, protocols, implementations, and optimal uses and the use of internet of things have grown dramatically. Among the communication protocols, the COAP is the most distinctive one. The protocol, has the ability of better and lighter performance in restricted resource networks and devices. There are a lot of implementations about COAP each has its own features and supplies. So, selecting the factors having effects on improvement of COAP protocol and also the implementation method suitable for the features of each of these supplies is important. So, optimal communication protocol which reduces traffic load is highly important and is now, of the main challenges in the IOT industry and smart houses which, in recent years, has attracted many researchers’ attention. This study provides some features and an analytical comparison of many variables influencing the optimal performance of COAP. The present study has been conducted to answer the main question of the study: does the use of COAP have any effects on reducing energy consumption in the smart houses? The study has been conducted in the Uromieh Culture House and while studying the effective factors or important variables in improving the COAP performance, has tested the accuracy or inaccuracy of the hypotheses such as the main hypothesis of the study that there is a meaningful and positive relationship between using the COAP protocol and reducing energy consumption in organizations. Finally, a new approach will be introduced in this research causing improvement in the COAP efficiency. Then, its performance will be analyzed regarding reducing in energy consumption, delay in sending data, reducing memory and CPU consumption, the amount of information transmitted in each communication, firmness in failure and technological innovation. The present study aims at identifying the effect of using the COAP protocol on reducing energy consumption in the smart houses, Uromieh Culture House and ranking the factors influencing the implementation of performance improvement based on the smart houses. The paradigm of the present study is interpretive. In terms of purpose, the present study is of applied kind, in terms of data collection is of pluralistic one, in terms of procedure is of field and library one, in terms of data analysis method is a descriptive study and finally, in terms of time is a cross sectional one. The statistical sample of the present study’s statistical society includes 49 people of the staff of the Uromieh Culture House who participate in the study as experts and professionals in IOT and new and emerging technologies of the smart houses fields. The results of data analysis show that the most effective factor in implementing the COAP protocol successfully on reducing energy consumption in the smart houses is to reduce energy consumption and the innovative technology factor has the least effect on successful implementation of the protocol.

3860-3863

Authors: Ms. R. Mahalakshmi; Dr. M. Nandhini; Ms. G. Kowsalya

In recent times, Social media has emerged as a personal communication media, as well as, a media to convey reviews about items and benefits or even political and general occasions among its clients. By using web and the web 2.0 the information in Twitter, Facebook and Instagram are easily retrieved. Because of its use across the board and prevalence, there is a monstrous measure of client surveys or feelings delivered and shared day by day. Mining client sentiments from Social Media is definitely not a straight forward assignment; it can be proficient in various ways. Gathering client sentiments can be costly and tedious assignment utilizing traditional strategies. This paper examines the challenges in doing sentimental analysis for Social Media.

3880-3887

Authors: Rajkumar; Dr H G Chandrakanth

Wireless Sensor Networks have come to the forefront of the scientific community recently and it consists of small nodes with sensing, Communications and computing capabilities. The Wireless Sensor Network Systems can be applied to monitor different environments. In WSN, sensor nodes play the most prominent role. These sensor nodes batteries are replacing or recharging is impossible, it is essential to find energy efficient routing algorithm. In this paper, we survey the features / characteristics and different well-know energy efficient cluster routing algorithms for WSNs have been classified and presented based on their characteristics.

3893-3897

Authors: Prashant Sangulagi; Ashok V Sutagundar; Stelvarani S

Mobiles are equipped with sensors like accelerometer, magnetic subject, and air strain meter, which assist within the system of extracting context of the person like area, scenario and so on. But, processing the extracted sensor facts is generally an aid intensive assignment, which can be offloaded to the general public cloud from mobiles. Mobile devices have become an essential part of our day to day life by which the user is able to access, create and share information at any location. This design especially objectives at extracting beneficial statistics from the accelerometer sensor records. The design proposes the utilization of parallel computing to the use of Map Reduce at the cloud for spotting human behavior primarily based on classifiers and ultimately calculating its accuracy. The sensor facts is extracted from the cellular, sent to the cloud and processed using threepopular classifier algorithms namely, Kernel Naïve Bayes, Naive Byes Classifier and K-Nearest-Neighbors. The results are verified at different scenarios of human activity and finally the accuracy is calculated using the classification algorithms.

3765-3769

Authors: Essam Shaaban, Mona Nasr

With the new era of Information and Communication Technology; collaborative learning is considered to be an elearning approach where learners are able to socially interact to the others, as well as instructors. In essence, learners work together in order to expand their knowledge of a particular subject or skill. Nowadays, Social Networks could be used as an e-learning platform. One would typically log in and collaborate with other learners on a specific topic using the social network as the common working space. In this paper, a new approach is presented for collaborative learning throughout social networks. The behavior the proposed approach is presented. The proposed collaborative e-learning approach consists of three modules. The first one is mobile application which is used for collecting some data about the user and his/her interests that may be considered as a data entry process. The second module is getting some location information using the GPS of the mobile device. The third module here is matching algorithm, which will do two main functions. The first one is matching the interests of the users and displaying the results based on these interests. The second one is displaying the results and sorting it based on the nearest user.in addition to routing information.

3776-3781

Authors: Abhigya Mahajan, Alka Gupta, Lalit Sen Sharma

Snort is the most widely deployed Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) whose performance is dominated by the pattern matching of packets in the network. In this paper, we present an experimental evaluation and comparison of the performance of different pattern matching algorithms of Snort NIDS namely ac-q, ac-bnfa, acsplit, ac-banded and ac-sparsebands on Linux Operating System (Ubuntu Server 16.04). Snort's performance is measured by subjecting the server running Snort v2.9.9.1 to live malicious traffic and a standard dataset. The performance is calculated and compared in terms of throughput, memory utilization and CPU utilization.

3788-3793

Authors: Shivshanker.P.Biradar1, Dr. T.S. Vishwanath2

Wireless sensor network is a wireless network of autonomous sensor nodes where objective is to acquire data from different sensor nodes called sources in a central node called base station or server or sink. Several routing techniques are proposed for sensor networks. It includes shortest path routing, gossiping, flooding and so on. But Spanning tree is considered as good topology control mechanism for sensor network. Most of the literature emphasizes on generating the tree where sink is the root node. Such trees are called sink based tree. However sink based trees has maximum spreading. If congestion occurs at any node joining lower nodes to sink than sink cannot acquire data from nodes at lower level at tree. In order to avoid this problem, we propose a source based tree. Each of the source node generates a tree till sink. Therefore there are more than one tree present in the network and sink is connected to source through different paths. Each node upon getting a route request checks if it has maximum nodes connected to it. This list is called a MPR list. If it has maximum connectivity, it can acquire data from many nodes, aggregate them and forward it to sink. Thus our work consists of many trees from source nodes to sink where every intermediate node has maximum connectivity. Therefore the tree is most expanded. We further implement backup route creation to prevent sudden connectivity loss. Multiple paths from each source to sink ensures maximum data delivery. As power and energy loss is a major concern in such a network, we adopt an Energy aware tree creation to ascertain that all the intermediate nodes have maximum energy. Through results we prove that the proposed system performs better than sink based tree in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, low average energy consumption and elongated lifetime.

3800-3803

Authors: Lakshmi kiranMukkara, Kota VenkataRamanaiah

Multipliers play an important role in today's digital world especially in DSP and DIP applications. With advances in technology, many researchers are trying to design multipliers which offer either of the following targets-high speed, low power consumption, regularity of layout and less area or even combination of them in one multiplier. Now-a-days researchers are focusing on low power and high speed. This may be possible by designing effective multiplies as these are involved in huge amount in almost all DSP architectures. To do so many multipliers are available such as Booth multiplier and Wallace tree multiplier. Booth multiplier gives high performance (accuracy) but with high delay, whereas Wallace tree multiplier gives high speed but with less accuracy.The proposed method of CSD multiplication has the ability to reduce truncation error, computation latency for constant word length multiplications. Furthermore Horner CSD multiplier with pipelining concept makes multiplier design power efficient and speed efficient. This novel CSD algorithm is used here to design a Digital FIR filter and the same is designed with the booth and Wallace tree algorithm and compared. It is observed that proposed design is better w.r.t no. of slices and delay in comparison with existing methods. This design is coded in Verilog HDL and targeted on the spartran-3 device of XILINX 14.5.

3808-3815

Authors: Manas Kumar Yogi, K. Ganga Devi Bhavani

IoT is a worldwide-recognized trend that is gaining popularity incredibly fast. The baseline lies in the fact that IoT has already transformed a number of industries and took them to the new level, and these industries include healthcare, finances and much more. No wonder there is such a hype about it .There are tremendous new opportunities with IoT flowing out every couple of months so we highly recommend all to keep an eye on this technology. In this paper will have shed light on the inherent concepts which will affect the working of IoT beyond 2025.We have discussed key points in this paper regarding the operational components of an IoT System where improvements can be done by researchers so as to leverage the usage of IoT environment.

3822-3828

Authors: Dr. G. Rama Subba Reddy

In the current IT industry, big data analytics and Cloud Computing are the two most basic advancements. Amazingly these two innovations are come up together to give the best outcomes for different multinational business companies. In the former case, it requires huge amount of resources such as memory or hardware to store, process and other kinds of big data analytics. The cost to store this data is greatly expanded and requires innovative algorithms to reduce this complexity and this will be easy to process less information using machine learning algorithms. Distributed applications are using cloud service providers (i.e. Amazon AWS) to host and process this data with different cost to meet service level agreements. However, the customers are interested in reliable SLAs with minimized cost to store and process their data. The data centers maintained at different locations throughout the world are giving services with different get/put latencies. Allocation of data to multiple data centers and resource reservation are the two primary issues and yet to be solved. In this work, we proposed a method to reduce the cost by meeting the SLOs with integer programming. Also, we proposed an efficient method to store the data files by the optimal selection by minimizing the cost along with resource reservation. Our experimental study shows that our technique is giving the best result by selecting the optimal selection of data center along with resource reservation and its effective utilization.